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Entomology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Order Orthoptera

A

Grasshoppers, crickets, katydids

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2
Q

Orthoptera metamorphosis

A

Gradual

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3
Q

Order Lepidoptera

A

Butterflies and moths

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4
Q

Orthoptera physical characteristics

A

Chewing mouthparts, have wings (Neoptera), hind legs specialized for jumping

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5
Q

Orthoptera habitat

A

Both indoor and outdoor, differs by species
Ex. Camel/cave crickets live in cool damp areas like basements

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6
Q

Orthoptera feeding habits/diet

A

Differs by species but mostly feed on grasses, seeds and insects

Ex. Field crickets are omnivores
Ex. Katydids are herbivores

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7
Q

Orthoptera mating

A

Stridulate: making a shrill sound when rubbing legs, wings or other body parts to make sounds

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8
Q

What do crickets and katydids do to attract mates?

A

Rub their front wings together to make sound

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9
Q

What do grasshoppers do to attract mates?

A

Rub a hind leg against a wing to make sounds

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10
Q

What membrane acts as an eardrum in Orthoptera insects?

A

Tympanum

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11
Q

What are katydids good at?

A

Camouflage

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12
Q

Camel and Cave crickets DO NOT …

A

Chirp like other crickets

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13
Q

Order dermaptera

A

Earwigs

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14
Q

Order Hemiptera

A

True bugs
Ex. Giant water bugs, assassin bugs, bed bugs, aphids, cicadas, leaf hoppers, scale insects

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15
Q

Order Hemiptera metamorphosis

A

Gradual

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16
Q

Order Hemiptera physical characteristics

A

Piercing, sucking mouthparts
3 types of wings:
1. “half wings” (top halves of wings are thick & leathery, bottom halves are thin & membranous)
2. Membranous wings only
3. No wings

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17
Q

Order Hemiptera habitat

A

Differs by species. Some are aquatic, some are terrestrial.

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18
Q

Order Hemiptera feeding habits

A

Differs by species. Some are predatory, some are herbivores, some are omnivores

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19
Q

Order Hemiptera mating

A

Differs by species

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20
Q

Giant water bugs

A

Giant water bugs: females glues eggs to mate’s back then leaves to find another mate. Males protect eggs until they hatch

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21
Q

Assassin bugs

A

predatory; have a painful bite; includes wheel bug & kissing bugs (kissing bugs can trasmit Chagas disease)

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22
Q

Bed bugs

A

blood sucking parasites; feed at night and have a painless bite that results in red rash on the skin; reproduce via “traumatic insemination”

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23
Q

Aphids

A

feed on plants; major plant pest; produce honeydew that ants eat; can reproduce without mating

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24
Q

Cicadas

A

there are different types of cicadas that come out at different times​
- Periodical cicadas feed on tree roots for 13 or 17 years before emerging
- Dog day cicadas emerge every 2 years

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25
Leafhoppers
Plant pests, transmit plant diseases, very small
26
Scale insects
covered in waxy secretions; we use them to produce things like Shellac (resin) & cochineal dye
27
Order Coleoptera
Beetles
28
Order Coleoptera metamorphosis
Complete
29
Order Coleoptera physical characteristics
Chewing mouthparts Wings covered with elytra (thick forewing that protects the membranous hind wing)
30
Order Coleoptera feeding habits
Differs by species • Ladybugs & fireflies are predatory • Dung beetles, Hercules beetles, & Stag beetles are scavengers • Japanese beetes & weevils are herbivores • Southern Pine beetles feed on wood
31
Order Coleoptera mating
Many males will often fight with one another to win a female o Firefly males will flash their abdomens at night to lure in females to mate
32
Order Coleoptera other info
- There are more than 300,000 species of beetle in the world - Larvae are called grubs & have a defined head capsule but may or may not have legs
33
Order Hymenoptera
Ants, bees, wasps
34
Order Hymenoptera metamorphosis
Complete
35
Order Hymenoptera habitat
Differ by species
36
Order Hymenoptera feeding habits
Herbivorous, predators, and/or parasitoids ▪ About ½ of the species in this order are parasitoid wasps ▪ Parasitoids are insects that feed on a host during immature stages but not as adults. Parasitoids always end up killing the host.
37
Order Hymenoptera mating
Differ by species. ▪ Ex. Ant colonies have a queen that does all the egg-laying
38
Order Hymenoptera other info
All ants are social and live in colonies where each ant has a specific role (care-givers, soldiers, workers)
39
Notable ant species
Leaf-cutting ants, ant herders, honey-pot ants, bullet ants
40
Ant herders
Drink the honeydew of aphids
41
Red-imported fire ant
Invasive to KY; painful bite and sting
42
Bullet ants
Most painful sting of any arthropods
43
Notable bee species
Honey bees, bumble bees
44
Honey bees
The most important pollinator • Colony collapse disorder is bee-lieved (get it?) to be caused by several factors, not just one thing
45
Notable wasp species
Cicada killer wasps, mud dauber, velvet ant
46
Cicada killer wasps
Adult female paralyzes cicadas and then lays eggs inside its body
47
Mud dauber
Females build nests out of mud, paralyze a spider and stuff it into the nest for her larvae to feed on
48
Velvet ant
Not an ant
49
Order Diptera
Flies
50
Order Diptera metamorphosis
Complete
51
Order Diptera physical characteristics
o Adults ▪ Only 1 pair of wings ▪ Halteres – help balance during flight ▪ Mouthparts vary by species o Larvae ▪ No legs ▪ Have mouthhooks that help scrape up plant matter or decaying flesh
52
Order Diptera habitat
Differs by species
53
Order Diptera feeding habits
o Adults ▪ Can be decomposers, predators, parasitoids, filth feeders o Larvae ▪ Can be parasites, herbivores, scavengers
54
Order Diptera mating
Sperm transferred internally
55
Order Diptera other info
o Some fly larvae are used in medicine to eat away decaying flesh o Some flies act as pollinators
56
Notable fly species
Crane fly, mosquito, horse & deer flies, flower/hover flies (“sweat bees”), house flies
57
Crane fly
Look like mosquito but aren’t
58
Mosquitos
• Deadliest insect in the world, transmit disease, only adult females bite and feed on blood, males feed on nectar
59
Horse & deer flies
• Females will bite & feed on blood • They cut skin with knife-like mouthparts then suck blood from the wound
60
Flower/hover flies (sweat bees)
Nectar feeders & pollinators
61
House flies
Feed and lay eggs on garbage, manure, carrion
62
Order Lepidoptera metamorphosis
Complete
63
Order Lepidoptera physical characteristics
Adults ▪ Siphoning mouthparts ▪ 2 pairs of wings covered in scales ▪ Butterflies have knobbed antennae, moths have other types of antennae (bushy, pointed) o Larvae ▪ Chewing mouthparts ▪ Thorax has 6 legs, abdomen has prolegs
64
Order Lepidoptera habitat
Differs by species
65
Order Lepidoptera feeding habits
o Adults ▪ Drink nectar o Larvae ▪ Herbivores
66
Order Lepidoptera mating
Moths use sex pheromones to find mates
67
Order Lepidoptera other info
o Some caterpillars have urticating (irritating) hairs for defense o Many caterpillars are pests ▪ Corn earworm infests corn ▪ Eastern tent caterpillars defoliate trees and can harm horses when ingested o Lepid pupae are encased in a cocoon where the caterpillar molts, and will eventually emerge into the adult form (butterfly or moth)

Entomology (1 decks)

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