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Entomology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Order Orthoptera

A

Grasshoppers, crickets, katydids

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2
Q

Orthoptera metamorphosis

A

Gradual

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3
Q

Order Lepidoptera

A

Butterflies and moths

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4
Q

Orthoptera physical characteristics

A

Chewing mouthparts, have wings (Neoptera), hind legs specialized for jumping

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5
Q

Orthoptera habitat

A

Both indoor and outdoor, differs by species
Ex. Camel/cave crickets live in cool damp areas like basements

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6
Q

Orthoptera feeding habits/diet

A

Differs by species but mostly feed on grasses, seeds and insects

Ex. Field crickets are omnivores
Ex. Katydids are herbivores

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7
Q

Orthoptera mating

A

Stridulate: making a shrill sound when rubbing legs, wings or other body parts to make sounds

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8
Q

What do crickets and katydids do to attract mates?

A

Rub their front wings together to make sound

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9
Q

What do grasshoppers do to attract mates?

A

Rub a hind leg against a wing to make sounds

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10
Q

What membrane acts as an eardrum in Orthoptera insects?

A

Tympanum

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11
Q

What are katydids good at?

A

Camouflage

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12
Q

Camel and Cave crickets DO NOT …

A

Chirp like other crickets

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13
Q

Order dermaptera

A

Earwigs

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14
Q

Order Hemiptera

A

True bugs
Ex. Giant water bugs, assassin bugs, bed bugs, aphids, cicadas, leaf hoppers, scale insects

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15
Q

Order Hemiptera metamorphosis

A

Gradual

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16
Q

Order Hemiptera physical characteristics

A

Piercing, sucking mouthparts
3 types of wings:
1. “half wings” (top halves of wings are thick & leathery, bottom halves are thin & membranous)
2. Membranous wings only
3. No wings

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17
Q

Order Hemiptera habitat

A

Differs by species. Some are aquatic, some are terrestrial.

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18
Q

Order Hemiptera feeding habits

A

Differs by species. Some are predatory, some are herbivores, some are omnivores

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19
Q

Order Hemiptera mating

A

Differs by species

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20
Q

Giant water bugs

A

Giant water bugs: females glues eggs to mate’s back then leaves to find another mate. Males protect eggs until they hatch

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21
Q

Assassin bugs

A

predatory; have a painful bite; includes wheel bug & kissing bugs (kissing bugs can trasmit Chagas disease)

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22
Q

Bed bugs

A

blood sucking parasites; feed at night and have a painless bite that results in red rash on the skin; reproduce via “traumatic insemination”

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23
Q

Aphids

A

feed on plants; major plant pest; produce honeydew that ants eat; can reproduce without mating

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24
Q

Cicadas

A

there are different types of cicadas that come out at different times​
- Periodical cicadas feed on tree roots for 13 or 17 years before emerging
- Dog day cicadas emerge every 2 years

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25
Q

Leafhoppers

A

Plant pests, transmit plant diseases, very small

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26
Q

Scale insects

A

covered in waxy secretions; we use them to produce things like Shellac (resin) & cochineal dye

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27
Q

Order Coleoptera

A

Beetles

28
Q

Order Coleoptera metamorphosis

A

Complete

29
Q

Order Coleoptera physical characteristics

A

Chewing mouthparts
Wings covered with elytra (thick forewing that protects the membranous hind wing)

30
Q

Order Coleoptera feeding habits

A

Differs by species
• Ladybugs & fireflies are predatory
• Dung beetles, Hercules beetles, & Stag beetles are scavengers
• Japanese beetes & weevils are herbivores
• Southern Pine beetles feed on wood

31
Q

Order Coleoptera mating

A

Many males will often fight with one another to win a female
o Firefly males will flash their abdomens at night to lure in females to mate

32
Q

Order Coleoptera other info

A
  • There are more than 300,000 species of beetle in the world
  • Larvae are called grubs & have a defined head capsule but may or may not have legs
33
Q

Order Hymenoptera

A

Ants, bees, wasps

34
Q

Order Hymenoptera metamorphosis

A

Complete

35
Q

Order Hymenoptera habitat

A

Differ by species

36
Q

Order Hymenoptera feeding habits

A

Herbivorous, predators, and/or parasitoids
▪ About ½ of the species in this order are parasitoid wasps
▪ Parasitoids are insects that feed on a host during immature stages but not as adults. Parasitoids always end up killing the host.

37
Q

Order Hymenoptera mating

A

Differ by species.
▪ Ex. Ant colonies have a queen that does all the egg-laying

38
Q

Order Hymenoptera other info

A

All ants are social and live in colonies where each ant has a specific role (care-givers, soldiers, workers)

39
Q

Notable ant species

A

Leaf-cutting ants, ant herders, honey-pot ants, bullet ants

40
Q

Ant herders

A

Drink the honeydew of aphids

41
Q

Red-imported fire ant

A

Invasive to KY; painful bite and sting

42
Q

Bullet ants

A

Most painful sting of any arthropods

43
Q

Notable bee species

A

Honey bees, bumble bees

44
Q

Honey bees

A

The most important pollinator
• Colony collapse disorder is bee-lieved (get it?) to be caused by several factors, not just one thing

45
Q

Notable wasp species

A

Cicada killer wasps, mud dauber, velvet ant

46
Q

Cicada killer wasps

A

Adult female paralyzes cicadas and then lays eggs inside its body

47
Q

Mud dauber

A

Females build nests out of mud, paralyze a spider and stuff it into the nest for her larvae to feed on

48
Q

Velvet ant

A

Not an ant

49
Q

Order Diptera

A

Flies

50
Q

Order Diptera metamorphosis

A

Complete

51
Q

Order Diptera physical characteristics

A

o Adults
▪ Only 1 pair of wings
▪ Halteres – help balance during flight
▪ Mouthparts vary by species
o Larvae
▪ No legs
▪ Have mouthhooks that help scrape up plant matter or decaying flesh

52
Q

Order Diptera habitat

A

Differs by species

53
Q

Order Diptera feeding habits

A

o Adults
▪ Can be decomposers, predators, parasitoids, filth feeders
o Larvae
▪ Can be parasites, herbivores, scavengers

54
Q

Order Diptera mating

A

Sperm transferred internally

55
Q

Order Diptera other info

A

o Some fly larvae are used in medicine to eat away decaying flesh
o Some flies act as pollinators

56
Q

Notable fly species

A

Crane fly, mosquito, horse & deer flies, flower/hover flies (“sweat bees”), house flies

57
Q

Crane fly

A

Look like mosquito but aren’t

58
Q

Mosquitos

A

• Deadliest insect in the world, transmit disease, only adult females bite and feed on blood, males feed on nectar

59
Q

Horse & deer flies

A

• Females will bite & feed on blood
• They cut skin with knife-like mouthparts then suck blood from the wound

60
Q

Flower/hover flies (sweat bees)

A

Nectar feeders & pollinators

61
Q

House flies

A

Feed and lay eggs on garbage, manure, carrion

62
Q

Order Lepidoptera metamorphosis

A

Complete

63
Q

Order Lepidoptera physical characteristics

A

Adults
▪ Siphoning mouthparts
▪ 2 pairs of wings covered in scales
▪ Butterflies have knobbed antennae, moths have other types of antennae (bushy, pointed)
o Larvae
▪ Chewing mouthparts
▪ Thorax has 6 legs, abdomen has prolegs

64
Q

Order Lepidoptera habitat

A

Differs by species

65
Q

Order Lepidoptera feeding habits

A

o Adults
▪ Drink nectar
o Larvae
▪ Herbivores

66
Q

Order Lepidoptera mating

A

Moths use sex pheromones to find mates

67
Q

Order Lepidoptera other info

A

o Some caterpillars have urticating (irritating) hairs for defense
o Many caterpillars are pests
▪ Corn earworm infests corn
▪ Eastern tent caterpillars defoliate trees and can harm horses when ingested
o Lepid pupae are encased in a cocoon where the caterpillar molts, and will eventually emerge into the adult form (butterfly or moth)

Entomology (1 decks)

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