exam 2

Question 1

adrenergic effects what system

Answer 1

sympathetic

Question 2

cholinergic effects what system?

Answer 2

parasympathetic

Question 3

what does parasympathomimetic mean?

Answer 3

mimics the parasympathetic system

Question 4

what does sympathomimetic mean?

Answer 4

mimics the sympathetic system

Question 5

what does parasympatholytic mean?

Answer 5

blocks normal effects of PSNS

Question 6

what does sympatholytic mean?

Answer 6

blocks normal effects of the SNS

Question 7

cholinergic receptors

Answer 7

muscarinic and nicotinic

Question 8

adrenergic recepters

Answer 8

alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2, beta 3, dopamine

Question 9

primary neurotransmitter for PSNS

Answer 9

Acetylcholine

Question 10

what is acetylcholinesterase?

Answer 10

enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine

Question 11

how does a direct acting cholinergic agonist work?

Answer 11

binds directly to receptor to activate them

Question 12

how does an indirect acting cholinergic agonist work?

Answer 12

stops action of cholinesterase which increases availability of acetylcholine

Question 13

what are the effects of a cholinergic agonist?

Answer 13

SLUDGE, pupil and bronchi constrict, HR and BP decrease

Question 14

what is cholinergic crisis?

Answer 14

when pt receives too much of a cholinergic agonist

Question 15

symptoms of cholinergic crisis

Answer 15

abdominal cramping, hypotension, shock, salivation, bloody diarrhea, and cardiac arrest

Question 16

how is cholinergic crisis treated

Answer 16

atropine

Question 17

bethanechol use

Answer 17

direct acting, relaxes bladder sphincter for urinary retention

Question 18

cevimeline use

Answer 18

direct acting, stimulates salivation and lacrimation

Question 19

pyridostigmine use

Answer 19

indirect acting, inhibits cholinesterase, used for myasthenia gravis

Question 20

tensilon test

Answer 20

indirect acting, used to assist in myasthenia gravis diagnosis

Question 21

alzheimers drugs (4)

Answer 21

donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, memantine

Question 22

what are anticholinergics?

Answer 22

block muscarinic receptors and inhibit action of acetylcholine

Question 23

atropine

Answer 23

anticholinergic, lowers salivary, bronchial, GI and sweat secretions, pupil and bronchi dialates, HR inscreases

Question 24

scopolamine use

Answer 24

suppresses emesis and motion sickness

Question 25

ipratropium bromide use

Answer 25

bronchodilator inhaler

Question 26

benztropine mesylate use

Answer 26

used in parkinsons

Question 27

oxybutynin use

Answer 27

bladder incontinence

Question 28

diclyomine use

Answer 28

IBS

Question 29

glycopyrrolate use

Answer 29

dries secretions

Question 30

what do neuromuscular blocking agents do?

Answer 30

blocks nicotinic receptors, muscle relaxer

Question 31

succinylcholine use

Answer 31

paralytic that peaks after 1 mins and lasts up to 10 mins usually for intubation

Question 32

pancuronium, vecuronium, and rocuronium use

Answer 32

muscle relaxer used for intubation

Question 33

what are adrenergic agonists?

Answer 33

drugs that mimic the SNS

Question 34

how are andrenergic agonists classified?

Answer 34

catecholamines and noncatecholamines

Question 35

what are catecholamines?

Answer 35

substances that produce a sympathomimetic response that are not PO and cant cross the BBB

Question 36

selective adrenergics activate which recpetors?

Answer 36

alpha 2 and dopamine

Question 37

non selective adrenergics activate which recpetors?

Answer 37

alpha 1, beta 1 and beta 2

Question 38

alpha 1 receptor activation

Answer 38

vasoconstriction, pupils dilate, and urinary retention

Question 39

alpha 2 receptor activation

Answer 39

works through CNS and inhibits norepinephrine release which leads to vasodilation which lowers BP

Question 40

Beta 1 receptor activation

Answer 40

increases HR, contractility, and AV node conduction

Question 41

chronotropic meaning

Answer 41

heart rate

Question 42

inotropic meaning

Answer 42

contractility

Question 43

dromotropic meaning

Answer 43

AV node conduction

Question 44

Beta 2 receptor activation

Answer 44

bronchodialation and uterine relaxation

Question 45

Beta 2 receptor caution

Answer 45

it causes glycogenolysis which can lead to hyperglycemia

Question 46

norepinephrine use

Answer 46

non selective catecholinergic that acts as a vasoconstrictor and increases BP and activates beta 1 receptor

Question 47

phenylephrine use

Answer 47

alpha 1 selective vasoconstictor (bp increased, pupils dilate, and nasal decongestion)

Question 48

midodrine use

Answer 48

alpha 1 selective orthostatic hypotension (dont give 4 hours before bed bc it can cause supine hypertension)

Question 49

clonidine use

Answer 49

alpha 2 selective inhibits norepinephrine release which causes vasodilation and decreases BP

Question 50

dobutamine use

Answer 50

beta 1 selective catecholamine and increases cardiac output

Question 51

albuterol use

Answer 51

beta 2 selective bronchodilator

Question 52

terbutaline use

Answer 52

beta 2 selective stops preterm labor

Question 53

mirabegron use

Answer 53

beta 3 selective that relaxes the detrussor muscle as bladder fills to increase capacity

Question 54

what are adrenergic blockers?

Answer 54

bind to adrenergic receptors and inhibits stimulation of SNS

Question 55

adrenergic blocker medication ending for alpha 1 selectivity

Answer 55

osin

Question 56

adrenergic blocker alpha 1 uses

Answer 56

hypertension, urinary obstruction of BPH, and preventing skin necrosis

Question 57

adrenergic blocker beta 2 selectivity uses (aka beta blocker)

Answer 57

decrease HR, BP, contractility, conduction, myocardial oxygen demand and bronchoconstriction