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pharm exam 2 > exam 2 > Flashcards

exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

adrenergic effects what system

A

sympathetic

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2
Q

cholinergic effects what system?

A

parasympathetic

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3
Q

what does parasympathomimetic mean?

A

mimics the parasympathetic system

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4
Q

what does sympathomimetic mean?

A

mimics the sympathetic system

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5
Q

what does parasympatholytic mean?

A

blocks normal effects of PSNS

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6
Q

what does sympatholytic mean?

A

blocks normal effects of the SNS

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7
Q

cholinergic receptors

A

muscarinic and nicotinic

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8
Q

adrenergic recepters

A

alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2, beta 3, dopamine

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9
Q

primary neurotransmitter for PSNS

A

Acetylcholine

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10
Q

what is acetylcholinesterase?

A

enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine

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11
Q

how does a direct acting cholinergic agonist work?

A

binds directly to receptor to activate them

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12
Q

how does an indirect acting cholinergic agonist work?

A

stops action of cholinesterase which increases availability of acetylcholine

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13
Q

what are the effects of a cholinergic agonist?

A

SLUDGE, pupil and bronchi constrict, HR and BP decrease

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14
Q

what is cholinergic crisis?

A

when pt receives too much of a cholinergic agonist

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15
Q

symptoms of cholinergic crisis

A

abdominal cramping, hypotension, shock, salivation, bloody diarrhea, and cardiac arrest

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16
Q

how is cholinergic crisis treated

A

atropine

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17
Q

bethanechol use

A

direct acting, relaxes bladder sphincter for urinary retention

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18
Q

cevimeline use

A

direct acting, stimulates salivation and lacrimation

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19
Q

pyridostigmine use

A

indirect acting, inhibits cholinesterase, used for myasthenia gravis

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20
Q

tensilon test

A

indirect acting, used to assist in myasthenia gravis diagnosis

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21
Q

alzheimers drugs (4)

A

donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, memantine

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22
Q

what are anticholinergics?

A

block muscarinic receptors and inhibit action of acetylcholine

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23
Q

atropine

A

anticholinergic, lowers salivary, bronchial, GI and sweat secretions, pupil and bronchi dialates, HR inscreases

24
Q

scopolamine use

A

suppresses emesis and motion sickness

25
Q

ipratropium bromide use

A

bronchodilator inhaler

26
Q

benztropine mesylate use

A

used in parkinsons

27
Q

oxybutynin use

A

bladder incontinence

28
Q

diclyomine use

A

IBS

29
Q

glycopyrrolate use

A

dries secretions

30
Q

what do neuromuscular blocking agents do?

A

blocks nicotinic receptors, muscle relaxer

31
Q

succinylcholine use

A

paralytic that peaks after 1 mins and lasts up to 10 mins usually for intubation

32
Q

pancuronium, vecuronium, and rocuronium use

A

muscle relaxer used for intubation

33
Q

what are adrenergic agonists?

A

drugs that mimic the SNS

34
Q

how are andrenergic agonists classified?

A

catecholamines and noncatecholamines

35
Q

what are catecholamines?

A

substances that produce a sympathomimetic response that are not PO and cant cross the BBB

36
Q

selective adrenergics activate which recpetors?

A

alpha 2 and dopamine

37
Q

non selective adrenergics activate which recpetors?

A

alpha 1, beta 1 and beta 2

38
Q

alpha 1 receptor activation

A

vasoconstriction, pupils dilate, and urinary retention

39
Q

alpha 2 receptor activation

A

works through CNS and inhibits norepinephrine release which leads to vasodilation which lowers BP

40
Q

Beta 1 receptor activation

A

increases HR, contractility, and AV node conduction

41
Q

chronotropic meaning

A

heart rate

42
Q

inotropic meaning

A

contractility

43
Q

dromotropic meaning

A

AV node conduction

44
Q

Beta 2 receptor activation

A

bronchodialation and uterine relaxation

45
Q

Beta 2 receptor caution

A

it causes glycogenolysis which can lead to hyperglycemia

46
Q

norepinephrine use

A

non selective catecholinergic that acts as a vasoconstrictor and increases BP and activates beta 1 receptor

47
Q

phenylephrine use

A

alpha 1 selective vasoconstictor (bp increased, pupils dilate, and nasal decongestion)

48
Q

midodrine use

A

alpha 1 selective orthostatic hypotension (dont give 4 hours before bed bc it can cause supine hypertension)

49
Q

clonidine use

A

alpha 2 selective inhibits norepinephrine release which causes vasodilation and decreases BP

50
Q

dobutamine use

A

beta 1 selective catecholamine and increases cardiac output

51
Q

albuterol use

A

beta 2 selective bronchodilator

52
Q

terbutaline use

A

beta 2 selective stops preterm labor

53
Q

mirabegron use

A

beta 3 selective that relaxes the detrussor muscle as bladder fills to increase capacity

54
Q

what are adrenergic blockers?

A

bind to adrenergic receptors and inhibits stimulation of SNS

55
Q

adrenergic blocker medication ending for alpha 1 selectivity

A

osin

56
Q

adrenergic blocker alpha 1 uses

A

hypertension, urinary obstruction of BPH, and preventing skin necrosis

57
Q

adrenergic blocker beta 2 selectivity uses (aka beta blocker)

A

decrease HR, BP, contractility, conduction, myocardial oxygen demand and bronchoconstriction

pharm exam 2 (1 decks)

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