Exam 2 Flashcards
All children diagnosed with learning disabilities have below average intelligence
False
What is phonological awareness?
Understanding what sounds different letters make and how to combine speech sounds
A six-year-old who pronounces “rabbit” as “wabbit” and “rewind” as “we-wind” likely has….
speech sound disorder
The most common form of SLD is SLD with…
learning impairment
Learning disorders are due to…
issues with communication across brain regions
Why do so many children with SLD have emotional and behavioral difficulties?
Having learning delays is frustrating and can cause a child to act out
Being compared negatively to peers can make a child feel badly about themselves
Teachers and parents may put a lot of pressure on a child, leading to stress and defiance
Problem behaviors associated with stress, anxiety, and frustration may get attention from caregivers (positive reinforcement trap)
Anxiety refers to…
an emotion experienced when we expect something bad to happen
Fear refers to…
an emotional response to a present danger
Separation anxiety includes…
difficulty tolerating separation from caregivers
GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (T/F)
True
Low levels of GABA are associated with…
anxiety
Glutamate is an…
excitatory neurotransmitter
Serotonin is involved in…
mood, sleep, appetite
Dopamine is involved in…
reward, learning, motivation, motor functioning
The two most prevalent anxiety disorders in middle-late childhood are…
separation anxiety disorder, specific phobia
