exam 2 Flashcards
What is the size range and average size of most cells? What is the
typical size range for plant and animal cells? KNOW YOUR
METRIC UNITS!
Scale relevant for most cells is
micrometers, or microns (μm).
1 mm = 1000 μm
“Typical” eukaryotic cell averages 10-100 microns
Explain the basic differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes are apart of the domain kingdom of archaea and bacteria. Prokaryotes are a single, ring shaped, naked chromosome. Also, prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles. Eukaryotes have a membrane bound organelles. They are also larger than prokaryotes. 10 - 100μm
What is the importance of S:V ratio (ratio of total surface area of total volume) of cells and how does S:V ratio affect cell size?
S:V = ratio of total surface area (2D) to total volume (3D)
For a cell:
V ~ amount of metabolism inside of a cell.
SA ~ rate at which substances can get in and out of cell membrane.
e.g., 5:1, means 5 units SA for every 1 unit volume.
What are some differences between plant and animal cells?
plant cells contain a chloroplast an a cell wall of cellulose, while animal cells do not.
In general, describe the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane. Why is it called “fluid”? What makes up the “mosaic”?
There are two section. the phospholipid bilayer has two layers of hydrophobic. which make molecules move like fluid unbonded and in constant motion.
