Exam 2 Flashcards
examples of short bones
Tarsals and Carpals
articular cartilage
smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints
costal cartilage
bars of hyaline cartilage which serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute very materially to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax.
Major bone of the skull
temporal, parietal, frontal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid bones.
Growth plate has another name, what is it?
physes or epiphyseal plates
What bones make up the hard palate?
The hard palate is formed by the palatine process of the maxilla and horizontal plate of palatine bone. It forms a partition between the nasal passages and the mouth.
ribs
Ribs are bones that protect the major organs of vertebrates, and form a cage which itself is connected to the vertebral column and the sternum. The ribs are also attached to the intercostal muscles which are associated with breathing.
lockjaw
Tetanus is an infection caused by bacteria called Clostridium tetani. When the bacteria invade the body, they produce a poison (toxin) that causes painful muscle contractions. Another name for tetanus is “lockjaw”. It often causes a person’s neck and jaw muscles to lock, making it hard to open the mouth or swallow.
Func. of muscles
The muscular system is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their predominant function is contractibility. Muscles, attached to bones or internal organs and blood vessels, are responsible for movement. Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction.
coxal bones
The coxal bone (hip bone, pelvic bone) is a large, flattened, irregularly shaped bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. It meets its fellow on the opposite side in the middle line in front, and together they form the sides and anterior wall of the pelvic cavity.
Calcaneus
The calcaneus (heel bone) is the largest of the tarsal bones in the foot. It lies at the back of the foot (hindfoot) below the three bones that make up the ankle joint. These three bones are the: Tibia — shinbone.
Visceral muscle
Visceral, or smooth, muscle is found inside organs such as the stomach and intestines, as well as in blood vessels. … Because visceral muscle is controlled by the unconscious part of the brain, it is known as involuntary muscle, as it cannot be controlled by the conscious mind.
fascia
Fascia is a thin casing of connective tissue that surrounds and holds every organ, blood vessel, bone, nerve fiber and muscle in place. The tissue does more than provide internal structure; fascia has nerves that make it almost as sensitive as skin.
epimysium
is the fibrous tissue envelope that surrounds skeletal muscle. It is a layer of dense irregular connective tissue which ensheaths the entire muscle and protects muscles from friction against other muscles and bones.
endomysium
Endomysium is the relatively thin reticular connective tissue layer that surrounds individual muscle cells.
perimysium
the sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibers.
Torticollis
also known as wryneck, is a twisting of the neck that causes the head to rotate and tilt at an odd angle.
What is the term when you bring your jaw back
Retrognathia is when the lower jaw (mandible) is set back from the upper jaw (maxilla).
Heart muscle cells, what’s the term for that connection?
Intercalated discs are small connections that join cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) to each other.
Heart muscle cells have another name, what is it?
Cardiac muscle
Peristalsis, what is that
Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. It starts in the esophagus where strong wave-like motions of the smooth muscle move balls of swallowed food to the stomach. … The motion mixes and shifts the chyme back and forth.
