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Orthotics > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Poor stance phase stability can influence _ and then _

A

step length and energy expenditure

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2
Q

Poor toe clearance in swing can influence _ and then _

A

poor pre-positioning and energy expenditure

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3
Q

Poor stance phase stability can influence _ and then _

A

time spent in stance and toe clearance

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4
Q

_ support with trimlines posterior and inferior to malleoli

A

less

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5
Q

_ support with trimlines anterior and superior to malleoli

A

more

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6
Q

What are the advantges of pre-fabricated orthotics?

A

less expensive

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7
Q

What are the disadvantages of pre-fabricated orthotics?

A

lack of intimate fit, little to no control of subtalar, midfoot and forefoot

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8
Q

What are the advantages of a custom orthotic?

A

correct or support subtalar and midfoot alignment

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9
Q

What does a custom orthotic provide that a pre-fabricated orthotic does not?

A

optimal control and an intimate fit

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of a custom orthotic?

A

expensive

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11
Q

Which types of orthoses maximally control subtalar and midtarsal joints?

A

SMO, SAFO, Thermoplastic Jointed AFO with straight Tamraek joint

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12
Q

What does a posterior leaf orthotic primarily control and how does it do that?

A

Swing phase by allowing for PF at push off and tibial progression through stance

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13
Q

Which type of orthotic would address genu recurvatum the most?

A

SAFO

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14
Q

Which type of orthotic would address mild crouch gait?

A

SAFO

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15
Q

Which type of orthotic would address aggressive crouch gait?

A

GRFO Carbon Anterior Shell

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16
Q

What does a jointed AFO allow for?

A

ankle DF or PF within the orthotic

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17
Q

What does a free joint control?

A

allow for close to full movement in the sagittal plane while still providing frontal and transverse plane control with a longer lever arm

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18
Q

A dorsi-assist jointed AFO facilitates _ during _

A

DF during swing

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19
Q

Be cautious with _ and using a dorsi-assist jointed AFO

A

spasticity

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20
Q

The purpose of a PF stop jointed AFO

A

helps with toe clearance

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21
Q

The purpose of a DF stop jointed AFO is to

A

stop the tibia from moving forward

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22
Q

The double adjustable joint allows for

A

adjust DF or PF to degrees you want

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23
Q

A double adjustable joint is good to use with what type of patients

A

patients you expect to continuously change

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24
Q

A Gillette joint allows motion in the _ plane

A

sagittal

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25
Q

A Gillette or Tamrack joint stays in _ and can add _ or _

A

neutral, PF, DF

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26
Q

What are the two types of locking mechanisms for KAFO’s?

A

Bail locks and drop locks

27
Q

What is the mechanism of a bail lock?

A

manually move into lock position when stand and sit

28
Q

What is the mechanism of a drop lock?

A

drops and locks into place when the patient stands

29
Q

A drop lock controls _ _

A

knee extension

30
Q

Single-axis knee joint

A

simple hinge that allows full sagittal plane motion (flex/ext) positioned at axis of the joint

31
Q

A single-axis knee joint protects and prevents ,,_

A

genu recurvatum, unstable knee and prevents excessive varus or valgus

32
Q

A single-axis locking joint helps maintain _ _

A

knee extension

33
Q

What type of patient issue would need a single-axis locking joint?

A

unable to control knee in stance - it will help prevent the knee from flexing when transferring

34
Q

Offset or posterior offset joint is indicated for what type of patient issue

A

genu valgum or varum, genu recurvatum

35
Q

Explain how the offset or posterior offset joint works

A

axis is aligned posterior to the anatomical axis which places the KAFO knee axis closer to the GRF during LR and early stance reducing the flexor moment at the knee

36
Q

The offset or posterior offset joint improves which determinant

A

stance phase stability

37
Q

The variable position locking joint allows the knee joint to

A

be locked in less than full extension

38
Q

What type of patient issue would you use a variable position locking joint?

A

knee flexion contracture and poor stance phase stability

39
Q

What is the greatest material for energy expenditure?

A

carbon composite

40
Q

What is the purpose of a prophylactic KO

A

provide protection to the soft tissue restraints of the knee (ligaments)

41
Q

What patient population is a prophylactic orthoses appropriate for?

A

athletes exposed to lateral impacts

42
Q

What is the purpose of a rehabilitation KO

A

function to provide protection and progressive ROM

43
Q

What patient issues is a rehabilitation orthosis appropriate for?

A

patellofemoral, OA and post op

44
Q

A lateral padded knee orthoses unloads the _ side

A

medial

45
Q

A medial padded knee orthoses unloads the _ side

A

lateral

46
Q

An OA knee orthoses is named for

A

the side it unloads ?

47
Q

A patellofemoral knee orthoses has a _ to keep the patella in alignment

A

buttress

48
Q

What is the purpose of a functional knee orthosis?

A

provide mechanical stabilization that is usually provided by structures

49
Q

What patient population would be appropriate for a functional knee orthosis?

A

athletes, active patients

50
Q

A UCBL orthotic would address what problems

A

ankle instability or weakness, knee instability or weakness, genu valgus/varus

51
Q

An SMO orthotic will or may address what problems (3)

A

ankle (will) and knee stability or weakness, genu valgus/varus

52
Q

A UCBL would address what determinants of functional gait

A

stance phase stability

53
Q

An SMO orthotic would address what determinants of gait (2)

A

stance phase stability and step length by improving push off

54
Q

A carbon toe-off brace would address what problems (2)

A

ankle instability or weakness and genu recurvatum

55
Q

A carbon toe-off brace would address what determinants of gait

A

stance phase instability, inadequate toe clearance, pre-positioning of the foot in swing > helps energy consumption and step length

56
Q

A posterior leaf orthotic would address what problems (1)

A

ankle instability or weakness

57
Q

A posterior leaf orthotic would address what determinants of gait (2)

A

inadequate toe clearance and pre-positioning of the foot in swing

58
Q

A posterior leaf orthotic is primarily a _ _ orthotic

A

swing phase

59
Q

A SAFO would address what problems (5)

A

knee or ankle instability or weakness, a crouched gait, genu recurvartum, genu valgus/varus

60
Q

A SAFO would address what determinants of gait (3)

A

stance phase instability, inadequate toe clearance and pre-positioning of the foot in swing

61
Q

A Thermoplastic jointed AFO with straight Tamarack joint with PF stop at neutral will/may address what problems (4)

A

ankle (will) or knee instability or weakness, genu recurvatum, genu valgus/varus

62
Q

A Thermoplastic jointed AFO with straight Tamarack joint with PF stop at neutral would address what determinants of gait (3)

A

inadequate toe clearance in swing and pre-positioning of foot in swing, stance phase stability (may)

63
Q

A GRFO Carbon Anterior shell will address what problems (4)

A

hip, ankle, and knee instability or weakness, crouched gait

64
Q

A GRFO Carbon Anterior shell would address what determinants of gait (2)

A

inadequate toe clearance in swing and pre-positioning of foot in swing

Orthotics (1 decks)

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