Exam 2 Flashcards
What is ABC DE stand for?
Asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolution
Red flags: color variation (black, blue-grayish)
If the diameter is greater than 6mm
If there is a change is size,shape or color or new lesions form
Is melanomas curable?
Almost always curable by surgical excision alone
What is the most serious form of skin cancer?
Melanoma
What is the most common malignancy in Caucasian?
Basal cell carcinoma
What is the second most common skin cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What are characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma?
They are a rare, aggressive malignancy.
They are rapidly growing, Painless, nontender, shiny, flesh colored or bluish-red intracutaneous nodule on neck or head region
What is the skin issue for:
Sandpaper like skin, beefy red erythematous enlarged tonsils, Associated with group strep A, And the patient will have a strawberry like tongue
Scarlatina
What is the skin issue:
Known as sixth disease, associated with herpes human virus six and seven, begins with a high fever then subsides, rose pink blanchable macule and papules that may spread to the trunk
Roseola
What is this skin illness:
The patient will have a slapped cheek appearance, a Lacey rash that is blanchable, and can occur over torso and upper extremities
Fifth disease
What virus causes fifth disease?
Parovirus B19
What’s the skin illness associated with this?
Flesh colored, dome shaped papules. Can occur anywhere except the palms and soles. Associated with contact sports and can be sexually transmitted
Molluscum contagiosum
Herald patch and Christmas tree distribution are associated with what skin illness?
Pityriasis rosea
What skin illness is associated:
HSV 1 or 2, known as kaposi varicellform eruption.
Eczema herpeticum
What skin illness is known as ritter disease?
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Which 2 skin illnesses need to go to the ER?
Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome and eczema herpeticum
What immunoglobulin is involved in allergic rhinitis?
IgE
It attaches to mast cells that release histamine and cause bv to open which causes skin redness, swollen membranes, sneezing and congestion
What are some causes of non allergic rhinitis?
Cigarette smoke, pollutants, strong odors, alcoholic beverages, cold temps
Blockages in the nose, deviated septum, infections and over use of decongestants are what type of rhinitis?
Non allergic rhinitis
What is hay fever associated with?
Seasonal allergic rhinitis
What rhinitis is caused by a hypersensitivity to ragweed?
Seasonal allergic rhinitis
What type of rhinitis is associated with pet hair, mold on wallpaper, houseplants, carpeting, upholstery and automobile pollution?
Perennial allergic rhinitis
What is sinusitis?
Caused by a bacterial or viral infection
What does CAGE stand for in regards to the alcohol screening tool?
Cut, annoyed, guilty, and eye-opener
What is aged related macular degeneration?
Physical disturbance of the center of the retina called the macula
What is proptosis know as?
Bulging eyes
Due to swelling of the muscles, fat, and tissue behind the eye
What eye condition is this?
Degenerative form of eye disease in which the lens gradually becomes opaque and vision “mists’ over
Cataracts
What is CMV retinitis associated with?
Infection of the retina, associated with AIDS
What is strabismus?
Crossed eyes
What’s eye condition is this?
A build of fluid in the eye creates pressure, damaging the optic nerve
Glaucoma
What eye condition is this?
The cornea becomes thin and cone shaped (cornea is usually round)
Keratoconus
What is amblyopia?
Lazy eye
It’s poor vision in a eye that doesn’t receive adequate use during childhood
What is this term: low Vision
Ordinary glasses or contact lenses do not produce clear vision
Uveitis is what?
Inflammation of one or more parts of the eye that make up the uvea
What’s the medical term for swimmers ear?
Otitis externa
What is a virus that causes mononucleosis?
Epstein barr virus
For acute viral rhinosinusitis the fever can last for how long?
24 to 48 hours
For acute bacterial rhinosinusitis how long does the fever last?
Greater than 48 hours
What is the duration for acute rhinosinusitis?
Less than 10 days
What is the duration for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis?
Greater than 10 days
What type of headache wakes you up from sleep?
A cluster headache
What type of headache is associated with nausea occurs more in women and can see in Aurora or see flashes?
Migraine headache
How long can a migraine headache last?
4 to 72 hours
What headache is associated with Periorbital pain and occurs more and men?
A cluster headache
What a headache feels like they have a band across their head?
It’s stress or tension headache also called muscle contraction headache
If a patient reports this is the worst headache I have ever had in my life what do you think the problem could be?
A possible brain bleed or hemorrhagic stroke
This can also be called a thunder clap headache
What are some red flags for patients associated with headaches?
Change in size and symptoms, difficulty thinking, patient is greater than 55 who report the signs or symptoms, and early morning vomiting
When instilling Fluirescein dye into the eye, where should you apply the dye strip?
Apply it to the lower lid and have the patient blink
What color is the fluorescein eye dye?
Green
In doing cerumen removal, How should you hold the ear?
Retract the pinna posteriorly and laterally to straighten out the external auditory canal
What is trigeminal autonomic cephalagia associated with?
Cluster headache and paroxysmal hemicrania
What is pseudotumor cerebri also known as?
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
What are some lifestyle causes for headaches?
Red wine (etoh use) Sleep changes or lack of sleep Processed meats because of nitrates Poor posture Skipped meals Stress
What is the maximum dose for lidocaine?
Maximum dose for lidocaine is 4.5 mg per kilogram
What is the duration of lidocaine?
30 minutes
When using Eppy with lidocaine how much time can I extend the duration?
4 to 6 hours
What can cryo-therapy be used on?
Common warts,
Actinic keratosis, and seborrheic keratosis
The greater density for X-rays means what for penetration?
Less penetration
It’ll be white
The less density an object has means what for penetration?
The more penetration it’ll have
Black
The heart appears larger in what chest x-ray of you?
The heart appears larger on the anterior-posterior view
If a patient is able to stay and white chest x-ray order should the provider do?
PA and lateral view
If a patient is not able to stand and what X-ray order should the provider do?
AP view
The heart appears larger on which chest x-ray view?
The PA view
Because it’s closer to the film
On a chest x-ray, the hemi diaphragm separates what?
It separates the chest from the abdomen
What is consistent with a silhouette sign, loss of borders and landmarks and increase density that occurs with infiltrates?
Pneumonia
What is the first thing you lose on a chest x-ray when a patient has a plural effusion?
The costophrenic angle
For a patient that has a plural effusion, What chest x-ray dimension would show you how high the fluid fills?
The lateral chest x-ray
What is a abdominal x-ray KUB flat plate?
Kidneys ureter and bladder
Done while lying down
What is included in abdominal series?
Flat plate KUB, upright, and PA chest
What is the most common cause of abdominal pain in children under eight years old?
Lower lobe pneumonia which irritates the diaphragm
What is the sail sign associated with?
It is associated with swelling
What ultrasound mode is most commonly use for pocus?
Two dimensional mode
It’ll show gray to black images
What ultrasound mode is best for you in cardiac structure And it’s flow?
M mode or motion mode
For the color ultrasound mode, red and blue mean what?
Red is towards and blue is away
Color does not indicate artery or vein but flow towards the probe
