Exam 2 Flashcards
T/F
The biological phenomenon called hybrid vigor is the result of non-additive genetic merit
True
T/F
When heritability is high, phenotype is a good indicator of underlying breeding value (genotype)
True
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The two basic tools used to improve animal populations are selection and mating. Mating is the process of determining which males are mated to which females
True
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Traits that are low heritability are influenced more by environment
True
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Simply inherited traits are influenced by one gene pair (or few) and typically qualitative
True
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Mating decisions are made to increase the proportion of favorable gene combinations in future generations
True
T/F
A crossbred is a hybrid. But a hybrid is not always a crossbred
True
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A race of animals within a species, usually with a common origin and similar identifying characteristics is called a breed
True
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We need purebreds to crossbreed and inbreds to outcross
True
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“Better set of genes” = better breeding values
True
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Genetic prediction is an are of animal breeding concerned with the measurement of data, statistical procedures and computational techniques for predicting breeding values
True
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In the typical pyramid structure of the meat animal industries, germ plasm flows up the pyramid
False
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With regard to proper breeding objectives, more is typically better. Seldom (if ever) is an intermediate optimum the correct breeding objective
False
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The kind of animal that works best in one environment may differ from the optimal animal in a different production scenario
True
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With regard to the typical pyramid structure information used to determine breeding objectives should flow up the pyramid
True
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The point at which a particular allele becomes the only allele at its locus and the gene frequency of this allele becomes 1, is called fixation
True
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Most breeding industries have a pyramid structure including relatively few elite breeders selling breeding stock to a larger number of multiplier breeders who sell breeding stock to a great number of end users (commercial breeders)
True
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An important responsibility of purebred seed stock breeders is to make genetic improvements in the economically important traits in their respective meat animal industry
True
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The two fundamental questions of animal breeders are
1) what is the best animal
2) how do we breed animals so that their offspring will be better than their parents
True
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Additive genetic merit results in heritability, non-additive genetic merit results in heterosis
True
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Relative to mating systems and industry structure, seed stock producers should crossbreed and commercial producers should inbreed
False
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Inbreeding= homozygosity = prepotency
True
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Genotype x Environment interaction is a dependent relationship between genotypes and environments in which the diff in perf between two or more genotypes changes from env to env
True
The ability of an indv to produce progeny whose performance is especially like its own and is especially uniform is called
Prepotency
