Exam 1b Flashcards
1
Q
Which part of the ear is responsible for equalization of pressure on both sides of tympanic membrane?
A
Middle ear
2
Q
type of skin lesion: solar lentigines
A
macule
3
Q
What kind of tuning fork do you use for Rinne Test?
A
512 hz
4
Q
photophobia
A
experience of discomfort or pain to the eyes due to light exposure
5
Q
Secondary skin lesion that is:
- below the skin plane
- loss of superficial epidermis
- no bleeding
- surface moist
A
erosion
6
Q
Patient is absent red reflex. Name one possible cause?
A
Retinal Detachment
7
Q
type of skin lesion: impetigo
A
primary: pustule
Secondary: crusting
8
Q
When internally examining the nose, which speculum should you use with the otoscope?
A
large speculum
9
Q
cyst
A
Primary skin lesion that is:
- palpable
- filled with semiliquid material or fluid
10
Q
How do you test Extra Ocular Movements?
A
“H-method”: Move finger in 6 cardinal positions
11
Q
type of skin leasion: striae
A
atrophy
12
Q
You perform a Rinne test on the RIGHT ear. Patient is able to hear the tuning fork when it is pressed against the mastoid bone level with the ear canal. Once they stop hearing it there, you bring it forward (shape of U). Patient cannot hear it. Interpret.
A
This means BC=AC, or BC>AC in the right ear.
- The right ear is affected
- The patient has conductive hearing loss (CHL)
13
Q
Primary skin lesion that is:
- palpable
- elevated
- solid
- <1.0 cm
A
papule
14
Q
otalgia
A
ear pain
15
Q
Hearing pathway: what is the sensorineural phase?
A
Inner ear and cochlear functions
16
Q
Type of skin lesion that is:
- elevated
- grows beyond wound boundaries
- the result of an overgrowth of dense fibrous tissue that usually develops after healing of a skin injury.
A
keloid
17
Q
Medial crescentic shadow
A
A test of the Iris-this is an abnormal finding
Note: Since the iris is normally fairly flat and forms a relatively open angle with the cornea, this lighting should cast no shadow.
18
Q
tympanosclerosis
A
condition caused by calcification of tissues in the middle ear, sometimes resulting in a detrimental effect to hearing.
19
Q
Interpret visual acuity result of 20/40
A
Patient able to read line @20 feet; person with normal eyesight able to read line @40 feet
20
Q
type of skin lesion: hives
A
wheal
21
Q
TM perforation
A
A hole in the tympanic membrane (the tissue that separates the ear canal from the middle ear).
22
Q
How do you assess gross (acoustic) hearing? Which cranial nerve are you testing?
A
CN VIII (vestibulococchlear)
Whispered Voice Test
- Patient covers one ear
- Stand 1-2 feet away
- Whisper alpha-numeric, have patient repeat back
- Test both sides
23
Q
Typanostomy tube
A
a small tube inserted into the eardrum in order to keep the middle ear aerated for a prolonged period of time, and to prevent the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear.
24
Q
type of skin lesion: seborrhea
A
scaling
25
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Elevated
* Palpable
* Fluid-filled cavity
* \<1.0 cm
* Filled with serous fluid
vesicle
26
Type of skin lesion that is:
* vascular
* 1-3 mm
* bright or ruby red
* partial blanching
* Smooth to slightly raised
cherry angioma
27
icterus
Jaundice
28
For external eye inspection, what kind of lighting should you use? What will you be able to see?
Use oblique lighting
(1) Cornea & (2) Lens
29
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* Above the skin plane
* flaky
* exfoliated skin
* thick or thin
* dry or greasy
Scaling
30
pruritis
itchy skin that makes you want to scratch
31
Patient loses sensory for tases of salty, sweet, sour, and bitter on anterior 2/3 of tongue. Which cranial nerve?
CN VII (facial nerve)
32
Bulla
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Elevated
* Palpable
* Fluid-filled cavity
* 1.0 cm or greater
* Filled with serous fluid
33
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* elevated
* solid
* 1.0 cm or greater
* superficial
* surface area \> height
Plaque
34
CHL
conductive hearing loss
35
scaling
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* Above the skin plane
* flaky
* exfoliated skin
* thick or thin
* dry or greasy
36
serous fluid
typically pale yellow and transparent
37
How do you test air conduction versus bone conduction?
Rinne Test
38
type of skin lesion: elevated nevus
papule
39
type of skin lesion: tinea versicolor
macules
40
petechiae
Skin lesion that is:
* 1-3 mm
* reddish purple
* nonblanching
41
type of skin lesion: blackhead
comedone
42
Skin-inspection. How do you asses **_NEVI_**?
ABCDE rule
* **_Asymmetry_** one half unlike the other?
* **_Borders_** regular v. irregular
* **_Color_** uniformity: tan, black, blue, red
* **_Diameter_** \>6mm
* **_Evolution/Elevation_**
43
Branches of CN VII (facial nerve)
(1) Temporal
(2) zygomatic
(3) buccal
(4) mandibular
(5) cervical
44
Which part of the ear is responsible for position sense and equilibrium?
Inner ear
45
Where do you palpate the frontal sinuses?
under eyebrows, medial aspect
46
How do you assess motor function for CN V (trigeminal)?
1. Patient clench teeth, palpate temporal muscle
2. Patient clench teeth, palpate masseter muscle
3. Patient open mouth and move side/side
47
cherry angioma
Type of skin lesion that is:
* vascular
* 1-3 mm
* bright or ruby red
* partial blanching
* Smooth to slightly raised
48
Type of skin lesion expected with liver disease
spider angioma
49
type of skin lesion: erythema nodosum
nodule
50
type of skin lesion: chancre
ulcer
51
fissure
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* Linear crack from epidermis to dermis
* dry or moist
52
Patient presents with:
* **_On one side:_** Forehead not wrinkled; eyebrow not raised (when asked to raise eyebrows). Other side has raised eyebrow, wrinkles.
* **_On one side:_** Paralysis of the lower face (same side as eyebrow issue)
Bell's Palsy
53
You inspect and observe a spider angioma. What are the three possible causes?
1. Liver disease
2. pregnancy
3. normal
54
What are the 4 characteristics of sensorineural hearing loss?
1. Greater loss in higher frequencies
2. difficulty hearing with two or more people
3. noisy environments make hearing worse
4. talk loudly
(Usually Irreversible--need hearing aid, cochlear implant)
55
confluence
an act or process of merging
56
comedone
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Keratin plugged opening of a sebeceaous gland
57
Patient presents with:
* Stare (blank stare)
* Decreased mobility
Parkinson's Disease
58
type of skin lesion: acne
pustule
59
How do you characterize diplopia?
(1) Horizontal (images side by side) (2) Vertical (images on top of one another) (3) Oblique (images tangential to one another) (4) Does it persist with one eye closed?
60
Mobility of skin
ease at which skin lifts up
61
diffuse hair lose
global hair lose
62
Oculo sinstra (OS)
left eye
63
Which is greater, air conduction or bone conduction?
air conduction
64
binocular
both eyes
65
How do you palpate for the thyroid?
* Posterior approach
* Place index finger JUST BELOW cricoid cartilage
* Slide fingers laterally onto lobes
* Gently push with left hand and displace gland to the right; palpate right lobe
* Assess other side
* Ask patient to swallow
66
Patient presents with:
* Brow prominent,
* soft tissues of nose, ears, and lips enlarged
* Jaw prominent
Acromegaly
67
Describe the "accommodation response" for pupils
(1) Lens rounds up
(2) Pupils constrict
(3) Eyes converge
68
How do you examine the internal ear?
1. Large speculum
2. Head tilted opposite side
3. Pull Auricle up, out, and back
69
exudate
inflammation
70
crusting
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* Above the skin plane
* dried blood, pus, or serum
71
pustule
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Elevated
* Palpable
* Fluid-filled cavity
* \<1.0 cm
* Filled with pus
72
Skin lesion that is:
* 1-3 mm
* reddish purple
* nonblanching
petechiae
73
When performing the internal nasal exam, which turbinates are able to be seen?
The middle and inferior turbinates
74
3 branches of trigeminal nerve (CN V)
(1) Ophthalmic
(2) Maxillary
(3) mandibular
75
Landmarks of the internal ear examination
1. Malleus (bony landmark)
2. Umbo (bony landmark)
3. Light reflex
76
Borders of anterior triangle (neck)
1. mandible
2. sternocleidomastoid muscle
3. middle of neck
77
Parkinson's disease
Patient presents with:
1. Stare (blank stare)
2. Decreased mobility
78
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* elevated
* solid
* superficial cutaneous edema
wheal
79
lid lag
Lid lag is the static situation in which the eyelid is higher than normal with the globe in downgaze
80
If patient is experiencing a conductive hearing loss, where in the ear would you expect the issue to be located?
External and/or middle ear
81
Goiter
abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland
82
Raises the eyelid. Which cranial nerve?
CN 3 oculomotor
83
Where do you palpate the maxillary sinuses?
84
You are testing visual acuity. Which cranial nerve are you testing?
Snellen chart. CN II (two).
85
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Elevated
* Palpable
* Fluid-filled cavity
* \<1.0 cm
* Filled with pus
pustule
86
diplopia
double vision
87
Cushing's syndrome
Patient presents with:
1. Red Cheeks
2. Hirsutism
3. Moon Face
88
Patient presents with periorbital edema. Name the two possible pathologies?
1. Nephrotic syndrome
2. Myxedema
89
atrophic scar
An atrophic scar takes the form of a sunken recess in the skin
90
tinnitus
the perception of noise or ringing in the ears
91
Patient presents with increased number of cherry angiomas as they have aged. concern?
No; no significance to cherry angioma
they tend to increase with age
92
spider angioma
Type of skin lesion that is:
* vascular
* central red body with radiating arms
* central blanching
93
Which four sinuses drain into nasal cavity?
1. Frontal
2. Ethmoid
3. Sphenoid
4. Maxillary
94
Where is the submandibular duct located?
* Floor of mouth
* Deep to mandible
95
10 skin cancer risk factors
1. Age \>50
2. Male
3. Personal or Family history of Melanoma
4. Fitzpatrick skin type 1 and 2
5. Use of tanning beds
6. Immunosuppresion
7. \>50 benign moles, atypical moles, changing moles
8. sever burn at an early age
9. overexposure to frost, wind, UVB
10. overexposure to radioisotopes, x-rays, arsenic
96
Hirsutism
Unwanted male-pattern hair growth on a woman's face, chest, and back
97
How do you assess CN XII (Hypoglossal Nerve)
Have patient stick out tongue and move side to side
98
Type of skin lesion expected with pregnancy
spider angioma
99
Periocular
surrounding the eyeball but within the orbit
100
Strabismus
Developmental dyscongugate gaze (due to imbalance in ocular muscle tone). Types are:
(1) Esotropia-INWARD
(2) Exotropia-OUTWARD
(3) Hypertropia- UPWARD
(4) Hypotropia- DOWNWARD
101
Impacted cerumen
**_Cerumen=ear wax_**
We say that ear wax is impacted when it has built up in the ear canal to such a point that there may be signs that something is not quite right.
102
All other movements of eye, except:
- laterally
- moves eye down when looking toward nose
CN 3 (oculomotor)
103
Atopic history
syndrome characterized by a tendency to be “hyperallergic”. A person with atopy typically presents with one or more of the following:
1. eczema (atopic dermatitis),
2. allergic rhinitis (hay fever), or
3. allergic asthma
104
Primary skin lesion that is:
* raised tunnel
burrow
105
How do you stabilize the tongue in an oral cancer screen?
gauze
106
Rhinorrhea
runny nose
nasal cavity is filled with a significant amount of mucus fluid
107
erythema
superficial reddening of the skin
108
You perform a Rinne Test. Where do you first place the tuning fork to test for bone conduction?
Against the Mastoid bone level with ear canal
109
Bone or cartilage? nasal ali of nose
cartilage
110
When assessing the pupils, what are you looking for?
PERRLA
**_P_**upils
**_E_**qual
**_R_**ound
**_R_**eactive to: **_L_**ight & **_A_**ccommodation
111
impetigo
bacterial skin infection
112
Which part of the ear performs sound identification and localization?
External ear
113
Myxedema
Patient presents with:
1. Hair dry, coarse, sparse
2. Lateral eyebrows thin
3. Periorbital edema
4. Puffy **DULL FACE WITH DRY SKIN**
114
Primary skin lesion
Initial, spontaneous manifestation
115
Wheal
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* elevated
* solid
* superficial cutaneous edema
116
What is the expected contour of the tympanic membrane?
concave
117
Patient has abnormal red reflex. Three possible causes?
(1) Leukocoria
(2) Cataracts (rubella)
(3) Retinoblastoma
118
type of skin lesion: cafe au lait
patches
119
Pneumatic otoscopy
Pneumatic otoscopy is an examination that allows determination of the mobility of a patient’s tympanic membrane (TM) in response to pressure changes
120
Hearing pathway: what is the conductive phase?
From external ear through middle ear
121
Patient presents with:
* Hair dry, coarse, sparse
* Lateral eyebrows thin
* Periorbital edema
* Puffy **DULL FACE WITH DRY SKIN**
Myxedema
122
Primary skin lesion that is:
* accumulation of purulent material, into the dermis and subcutaneous layer
abscess
123
Right pupil has a direct light response. Where did I shine the pen light?
Right eye
124
Bone or cartilage? Bridge of nose
bone
125
2 branches of CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)
1. Vestibular-balance
2. cochlear-hearing
126
Right pupil has a consensual light response. Where did I shine the light?
Left eye
127
type of skin lesion: psoriasis
primary skin lesion: plaque
secondary skin lesion: scaling
128
What is the normal pathway in the conductive phase?
air conduction
129
Nail pitting
little depressions in your fingernails and toenails
130
purpur**_ic_**
characterized by purple or brownish-red spots on the skin or mucous
131
type of skin lesion: sebaceous cyst
cyst
132
type of skin lesion that is: rupture of a vesicle
erosion
133
How do you assess temperature of skin?
Dorsal side of hand
134
SNHL
sensorineural hearing loss
135
When doing the internal inspection of the nose, where do you insert the speculum?
Insert speculum into vestibule
136
Psoriasis
an immune-mediated disease that causes raised, red, scaly patches to appear on the skin
137
Nodule
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* elevated
* solid
* 0.5 cm or greater
* deep
138
clubbing of fingernails
deformity of the finger or toe nails (relevant with regard to pulmonary exam)
139
erosion
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* loss of superficial epidermis
* no bleeding
* surface moist
140
pallor
an unhealthy pale appearance
141
Patient exhibits the below. What is the issue? What are five possible causes? treatable?
* Impediment to air conduction such that BC=AC or BC \> AC
* Hear voices as muffled/slurred
* Hearing loss of all frequences
* May be overcome by increasing amplitude of sound (louder sound)
* Typically speak softly
**_Conductive hearing loss_**
1. otitis externa or media
2. impacted cerumen
3. tumors
4. otosclerosis
5. TM perforation
**_Usually treatable_**
142
patch
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Non-palpable
* flat
* circumscribed
* 1.0 cm or greater
143
Appropriate A:V ratio of retina?
2:3 or 4:5 A:V ratio
144
What are the 5 characteristics of conductive hearing loss?
1. Impediment to air conduction such that BC=AC or BC \> AC
2. Hear voices as muffled/slurred
3. Hearing loss of all frequences
4. May be overcome by increasing amplitude of sound (louder sound)
5. Typically speak softly
Note: usually treatable
145
Patient exhibits the below. What is the issue? What are four possible causes? treatable?
1. Greater loss in higher frequencies
2. difficulty hearing with two or more people
3. noisy environments make hearing worse
4. talk loudly
**_Sensorineural hearing loss_**
1. Presbycusis
2. noise-induced
3. acoustic neuromas
4. ototoxic medications
(**_Usually Irreversible--need hearing aid, cochlear implant_**)
146
otorrhea
Ear discharge/ drainage exiting the ear
147
Epistaxis
bleeding from the nose.
148
what is tragal tenderness associated with?
otitis externa
149
Which part of the ear performs sound interpretation
Inner ear
150
How do I test if pupils are reactive to accommodation?
Have person's eyes converge on an object coming closer to their nose
151
focal hair loss
patchy, localized hair loss
152
What are four causes of otalgia?
1. inflammatory conditions
2. infection
3. trauma
4. foreign body
153
Oculo dextra (OD)
right eye
154
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* superficial linear or "dug out"
* traumatized area
excoriation
155
How do you test visual acuity?
Snellen chart
156
Patient presents with a **_STYE_**. Describe what this is. Does the patient experience pain?
Hordeolum=stye
Inflammation of the glands or ducts
YES PAIN; **_H_**ordoleum **_H_**urts
157
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Elevated
* Palpable
* Fluid-filled cavity
* 1.0 cm or greater
* Filled with serous fluid
bulla
158
What are the 3 risk factors for oral cancer?
1. Sore tongue/lesions
2. tobacco
3. alcohol
159
type of skin lesion: scratch
excoriation
160
ecchymosis
Skin lesion that is:
* variable size
* reddish purple
* nonblanching
161
When doing the internal inspection of the nose, what hsould you avoid touching?
The septum
162
Type of skin lesion that is:
* vascular
* central red body with radiating arms
* central blanching
spider angioma
163
ulcer
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* loss of epidermis and dermis
* may bleed
164
scotoma
blind spot in an otherwise normal field of vision (specks or areas where patient can't see)
165
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* filled with semiliquid material or fluid
cyst
166
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* skin thinning
atrophy
167
What are four causes of otorrhea?
1. trauma
2. infection
3. foreign body
4. cancer
168
What are characteristics of terminal hair?
1. coarse
2. thick
3. pigmented
4. length varies
169
Lesion
An area of abnormal tissue change
170
What three structures do you examine when you examine the fundus?
(1) retina
(2) optic disk and cup
(3) macula and fovea
171
Secondary skin lesion
later evoluation or result of external trauma to the primary lesion
172
Ptosis
Drooping of the upper eye lid
173
fasiculations
a brief, spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin. It can be a symptom of disease of the motor neurons.
174
Fitzpatrick Skin Type
1. Red hair with freckles
2. Fair skinned, fair hair caucasians
3. Darker caucasians
4. Mediterranean caucasians
5. hispanic, some blacks
6. darker blacks
175
Eye moves laterally. Which cranial nerve?
CN VI Abducens
176
How do you assess motor function for CN VII (facial)
1. Raise eyebrows (look for forehead wrinkling)
2. Close eyes tightly; instruct patient not to let you open them
3. Frown
4. Smile (Display upper and lower teeth simultaneously)
5. Puff out both keeps, poke cheeks
177
Keloid
Type of skin lesion that is:
* elevated
* grows beyond wound boundaries
* the result of an overgrowth of dense fibrous tissue that usually develops after healing of a skin injury.
178
Hypertropia
a condition of misalignment of the eyes (strabismus), whereby the visual axis of one eye is **_HIGHER_** than the fellow fixating eye.
179
Bell's Palsy
Patient presents with:
1. **_On one side:_** Forehead not wrinkled; eyebrow not raised (when asked to raise eyebrows). Other side has raised eyebrow, wrinkles.
2. **_On one side_**: Paralysis of the lower face (same side as eyebrow issue)
180
What are the four skin pigments?
1. Melanin
2. Carotene
3. Oxyhemoglobin
4. Deoxyhemoglobin
181
How do you assess CN II (olfactory)?
1. Have patient close eyes/ close one nostril
2. wave scent; identify
3. have patient close other eye
4. wave different scent; identify
182
burrow
Primary skin lesion that is:
* raised tunnel
183
How do you assess sensory function for CN V (trigeminal)?
Cotton ball stroking bilaterally: forehead, cheekbones, and mandible
184
Which type of hearing loss is tinnitus associated with?
Sensorineural
185
Order of Eye Exam (5 steps)
(1) Visual acuity (2) Visual Fields (3) Inspection (4) Extra Ocular Movements (5) Ophthalmoscopic exam
186
What are six medications to be aware of with regard to ears?
1. Aminoglycosides
2. Aspirin
3. NSAIDS
4. Furosemide
5. Quinine
6. Vancomycin
187
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Non-palpable
* flat
* circumscribed
\<1.0 cm: Macule
1.0cm or greater: Patch
188
seborrhea
red, itchy rash on your scalp that has flaky scales
189
How do you test for patency?
* block one nostril
* have patient inhale/exhale through opposite nasi
190
papule
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* elevated
* solid
* \<1.0 cm
191
type of skin lesion: vitiligo
patches
192
type of skin lesion: athlete's foot
fissure
193
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* Linear crack from epidermis to dermis
* dry or moist
fissure
194
How do you assess trachea position?
* Place finger along trachea
* Note space between trachea and sternocleidomastoid
195
annular
ring-shaped
196
type of skin lesion: scab
crusting
197
atrophy
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* skin thinning
198
type of skin lesion: herpes simplex
vesicle
199
How do you palpate a lymph node?
Use pads of index and middle fingers, rotary motion
200
tragal tenderness
External ear tenderness (see picture)
201
Bone or cartilage? tip of nose
cartilage
202
Which part of IPPA is used to assess the eyes?
Inspection, Palpation NO PERCUSSION, NO AUSCULTATION
203
What is the white reflex?
It assesses ocular alignment. It is the corneal light reflex in which you assess ocular alignment by comparing the position of light reflection in the corneas (look for Strabismus)
IF NOT SURE OF RESULTS: cover/uncover test
--cover one eye, then uncover --\>look for drift in the previously uncovered eye
204
androgenetic alopecia
pattern baldness (male or female)
205
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* elevated
* solid
* 0.5 cm or greater
* deep
Nodule
206
What kind of tuning fork do you use for the weber test?
512 hz
207
hypertrophic scar
characterized by erythematous, pruritic, raised fibrous lesions that typically do not expand beyond the boundaries of the initial injury and may undergo partial spontaneous resolution
208
How do you assess CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) and CN X (Vagus)?
1. Tongue depressor, "Ahh" (soft palate and uvula rise and fall)
2. Gag
209
You perform a Rinne test on the RIGHT ear. Patient is able to hear the tuning fork when it is pressed against the mastoid bone level with the ear canal. Once they stop hearing it there, you bring it forward (shape of U). Patient is able to hear it, but the sound disappears quickly. Interpret.
This means that AC\>BC in the right ear
* Right ear is affected
* The patient has sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)
210
For internal eye examination, what are you inspecting?
(1) Iris
(2) Pupils
(3) Fundus
211
Papilledema
a condition in which increased pressure in or around the brain causes the part of the optic nerve inside the eye to swell.
212
type of skin lesion: abrasion
excoriation
213
Patient presents with a **_HORDEOLUM_**. Describe what this is. Does the patient experience pain?
Hordeolum=stye
Inflammation of the glands or ducts
YES PAIN; **_H_**ordoleum **_H_**urts
214
Type of skin lesion expected with trauma
ecchymosis
215
Type of skin lesion expected with intravascular defects.
Purpura skin lesions
216
Skin lesion that is:
* \>3 mm
* reddish purple
* nonblanching
purpura
217
Pupillary constriction. Which cranial nerve?
CN III Oculomotor
218
type of skin lesion: wart
papule
219
Patient presents with a **_CHALAZION_**. Describe what this is. Does the patient experience pain?
Granuloma (cyst) of the meibomen gland
PAINLESS **_C_**halazion is **_C_**hill
220
You perform a Weber test. Patient hears the sound louder in their **_LEFT_** ear. What can you conclude?
The patient either has:
* **_SENSORINEURAL_** deficit in **_RIGHT_** ear
* **_CONDUCTIVE_** deficit in **_LEFT_** ear
How do you differentiate? Rinne Test.
221
What are characteristics of vellus hair?
* Short
* fine
* soft
* non-pigmented
222
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* loss of epidermis and dermis
* may bleed
ulcer
223
Patient presents with:
* Periorbital edema
* Puffy **_PALE_** face
* Lips may be swollen
Nephrotic syndrome
224
Patient presents with:
* Red Cheeks
* Hirsutism
* Moon Face
Cushing's Syndrome
225
Nevi
moles
226
type of skin lesion: 2nd degree burn
bulla
227
type of skin lesion: scabies
burrow
228
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* Above the skin plane
* dried blood, pus, or serum
crusting
229
abcess
Primary skin lesion that is:
* accumulation of purulent material, into the dermis and subcutaneous layer
230
cheilitis
is inflammation of the lips
231
What does the Weber test assess?
Ear examination: lateralization
232
Which part of the ear performs sound transmission?
Middle ear
233
otitis
Ear infection
234
nystagmus
Nystagmus is a condition where the eyes move rapidly and uncontrollably
235
type of skin lesion: insect bite
wheal
236
Name four possible pathologies associated with PTOSIS (drooping of the upper eye lid)
(1) Congenital
(2) Bell's palsy
(3) Myasthenia gravis
(4) CN III (Oculomotor nerve) damage (ex. Horner's syndrome)
237
scar
Type of skin lesion that is:
* fibrous tissue
* hypertrophic v. atrophic
* limited to wound boundaries
238
turgor of skin
speed at which skin returns into place
239
Borders of posterior triangle (neck)
1. sternocleidomastoid
2. trapezius
3. clavicle
240
monocular
one eye
241
Appropriate cup:disk ratio?
Cup should be no more than 1/2 of the disk
242
Where is the parotid duct located?
* Bucal mucosa
* Superficial to the mandible
243
Palpebral fissure
the space between the margins of the eyelids
244
Which two sinuses are you able to palpate in the nose and sinus exam?
1. Frontal
2. Maxillary
CANNOT PALPATE ETHMOID OR SPHENOID
245
How do you test for lid lag when assessing the extra ocular movements with the "H-method"?
Watch the lid on the downard vertical to look for lid lag
246
type of skin lesion: cheilitis
fissure
247
Type of skin lesion that is:
* fibrous tissue
* hypertrophic v. atrophic
* limited to wound boundaries
scar
248
Exotropia
a form of strabismus where the eyes are deviated **_OUTWARD_**
249
purpura
Skin lesion that is:
* \>3 mm
* reddish purple
* nonblanching
250
Macule
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Non-palpable
* flat
* circumscribed
* \<1.0 cm
251
Plaque
Primary skin lesion that is:
* palpable
* elevated
* solid
* 1.0 cm or greater
* superficial
* surface area \> height
252
How do you test for **_NYSTAGMUS_** when assessing the extra ocular movements with the "H-method"?
Stop on the lateral portions of the H to look for nystagmus
253
type of skin lesion: dry skin
scaling
254
Nephrotic syndrome
Patient presents with:
1. Periorbital edema
2. Puffy **_PALE_** face
3. Lips may be swollen
255
excoriation
Secondary skin lesion that is:
* below the skin plane
* superficial linear or "dug out"
* traumatized area
256
Oculo uterque
both eyes
257
Skin lesion that is:
* variable size
* reddish purple
* nonblanching
ecchymosis (black and blue mark)
258
How do you assess lateralization (with regard to hearing)?
Weber test
259
If patient is experiencing a sensorineural hearing loss, where in the ear would you expect the issue to be located?
inner ear, cochlea nerve
260
Periorbital edema
Periorbital puffiness, also known as "puffy eyes", or swelling around the eyes
261
dysconjugate
eyes not both fixated on the same point
262
Acromegaly
Patient presents with:
1. Brow prominent,
2. soft tissues of nose, ears, and lips enlarged
3. Jaw prominent
263
xerosis
abnormally dry skin
264
You perform a Rinne test. What ratio do you expect for AC:BC
AC\>BC
AC:BC ~2:1
265
Type of skin lesion expected with bleeding disorders
ecchymosis
266
Anisocoria
condition characterized by an unequal size of the eyes' pupils
267
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Keratin plugged opening of a sebeceaous gland
comedone (black head)
268
Hypotropia
a condition of misalignment of the eyes (strabismus), whereby the visual axis of one eye is **_LOWER_** than the fellow fixating eye.
269
Esotropia
form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turns **_INWARD_**.
270
Otosclerosis
An inherited disorder that causes hearing loss due to the ear's inability to amplify sound. There are three small bones that connect to the ear drum to help amplify sound waves. When someone has this condition, one of the bones is unable to vibrate freely.
271
Eye moves down when looking toward nose. Which cranial nerve?
CN IV (Trochlear)
272
vesicle
Primary skin lesion that is:
* Elevated
* Palpable
* Fluid-filled cavity
* \<1.0 cm
* Filled with serous fluid
273
type of skin lesion: dandruff
scaling
