Exam

Question 1

Civic Engagmenet

Answer 1

Individual and collective actions designed to identify and address issues of public concern

Question 2

Efficacy

Answer 2

Citizens’ belief that they have the ability to achieve something desirable and that the government listens to people like them.

Question 3

Political Engagement

Answer 3

Citizen actions that are intended to solve public problems through political means

Question 4

Government

Answer 4

The institution that creates and implements policy and laws that guide the conduct of the nation and its citizens

Question 5

Citizens

Answer 5

Members of the polity who, through birth or naturalization, enjoy the rights, privileges, and responsibilities attached to membership in a given nation

Question 6

Naturalization

Answer 6

The process of becoming a citizen by means other than birth, as in the case of immigrants

Question 7

Legitimacy

Answer 7

A quality conferred in government by citizens who believe that its exercise of power is right and proper

Question 8

Public goods

Answer 8

Good whose benefits cannot be limited and that are available to all.

Question 9

Confederation

Answer 9

A union of independant states in which each state retains its sovereignty, that is, its ultimate power to govern, and agrees to work collaboratively on matters the states expressly agree to delegate to a central governing body.

Question 10

Monarchy

Answer 10

Government in which a member of a royal family, usually a king or queen, has absolute authority over a territory and its government

Question 11

Oligarchy

Answer 11

Government in which an elite few hold power

Question 12

Democracy

Answer 12

Government in which supreme power of governance lies in the hands of its citizens

Question 13

Totalitarianism

Answer 13

System of government in which the government essentially controls every aspect of people’s lives.

Question 14

Authoritarianism

Answer 14

System of government in which the government holds strong powers but is checked by some forces

Question 15

Constitutionalism

Answer 15

Government that is structured by law, and which the power of government is limited

Question 16

Limited Government

Answer 16

Government that is restricted in what it can do so that the rights of the people are protected

Question 17

Divine Right of Kings

Answer 17

The assertion that monarchies, as a manifestation of God’s will, could rule absolutely without regard to the will or well-being of their subjects.

Question 18

Social Contract

Answer 18

An agreement between people and their leaders in which the people agree to give up some liberties so that their other liberties are protected.

Question 19

Natural Law

Answer 19

The assertion that standards that govern human behavior are derived from the nature of humans themselves that can be applied universally

Question 20

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 20

The theory that government is created by the people and depends on the people for the authority to rule

Question 21

Social Contract Theory

Answer 21

The idea that individuals possess free will, and every individual is equally endowed with the God-given right of self-determination and the ability to consent to be governed.

Question 22

Direct Democracy

Answer 22

A structure of government in which citizens discuss and decide policy through majority rule

Question 23

Indirect democracy

Answer 23

Sometimes called a representative democracy, a system in which citizens elect representatives who decide policies on behalf of their constituents.

Question 24

Political culture

Answer 24

The people’s collective beliefs and attitudes about government and political processes

Question 25

Liberty

Answer 25

The most essential quality of American democracy; it is both the freedom from governmental interference in citizens' lives and the freedom to pursue happiness.

Question 26

Consent of the governed

Answer 26

The idea that, in a democracy, the government's power derives form the consent of the people.

Question 27

Majority Rule

Answer 27

The idea that in a democracy, only policies with 50 percent plus one vote are enacted, and only candidates that win 50 percent plus one vote are elected.

Question 28

Capitalism

Answer 28

An economic system in which the means of producing wealth are privately owned and operated to produce profits.

Question 29

Property

Answer 29

Anything that can be owned

Question 30

Political ideology

Answer 30

An integrated system of ideas or beliefs about political values in general and the ruole of government in particular

Question 31

Liberalism

Answer 31

An ideology that advocates change in the social, political, and economic realms to better protect the well-being of individuals and to produce equality within society.

Question 32

Conservatism

Answer 32

An ideology that emphasizes preserving tradition and relying on community and family as mechanisms of continuity in society

Question 33

constitution

Answer 33

Presents the mission of the government that is described in the document, the fundamental principles that will guide the government's operations, and the foundational structures and procedures by which the government operates to fulfill its mission

Question 34

When was the bill of rights added to the constitution?

Answer 34

1791

Question 35

When did the Revolutionary war begin? When did it end?

Answer 35

1775; 5 years later in 1783 in paris.

Question 36

Natural rights

Answer 36

The rights possessed by all humans as a gift from nature, or God, including the rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Question 37

What Indian Tribe did the United States Constitution take some principles from?

Answer 37

The Iriquois

Question 38

Bicameral Legislature

Answer 38

Legislature comprising two parts, called chambers.

Question 39

Unicameral Legislature

Answer 39

A legislative body with a single chamber

Question 40

Dual Soverignty

Answer 40

A system of government in which ultimate governing authority is di vided between two levels of government, a central govenment and regional governments, with eafch level having ulltimate authority over differnt policy matters.

Question 41

Supremacy Clause

Answer 41

A clause in Article VI of the Constitution that staetts that the Constitution and the treaties and laws created by the national government in compliance with the Constitution are the supreme law of the land.

Question 42

Connecticut Comprimise (Great Compromise)

Answer 42

The comporomise between the Virginia pland and the New Jersey plan that created a bicameral legislature with one chamber's representation based on pupulation and the other chamber having two members for each state.

Question 43

Advise and consent

Answer 43

The Senate's authority to approve or reject the president's top appointments and negotiated treaties

Question 44

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 44

The 1803 Supreme Court case that established the power of judicial review, which alows the Court to strike down laws passed by the other branches that it views to b in cconflict with the Constitution

Question 45

Judicial Review

Answer 45

Court authority to determine that an action taken by any government official or governing body violates the Constitution; established by the Supreme Court in the 1803 Marbury v. Madison case.

Question 46

When was the Constitution Ratified? When was the bill of Rights ratified?

Answer 46

1788 and 1791 respectively

Question 47

Federal System

Answer 47

A governmental structure with two levels of government in which each level havs sovereignty over different policy matters and geographic area; a system of government with duel sovereignty

Question 48

Unitary System

Answer 48

A governmental system in which one central government is the sovereign government and it creates other, regional governments to which it delegates some governing powers and responsibilities; however, the central government retains ultimate authority (sovereignty)

Question 49

Confederal System

Answer 49

A government structure in which several independent sovereign states agree to cooperate on specified policy matters by creating a central governing body; each sovereign state retains ultimate authority over other governmental matters within its borders, so the central governing body is not a sovereign government.