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Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

Reduced transmission of sound to the middle ear

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2
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Reduced transmission of sound in the inner ear

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3
Q

Whispered voice test

A

For adults
Eval one ear at a time, occlude other ear, whispers 1-2 feet behind

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4
Q

Weber test

A

For hearing
Use tuning fork at top of head
Normal feels or hears in both ears
“Weber wears a hat”

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5
Q

Rinne test

A

“Rene wears earrings”
Tuning fork to Mastoid
Ask when they do not hear it anymore and time

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6
Q

Cranial nerve 7

A

Facial
Clench teeth and smile

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7
Q

Cranial nerve 12

A

Protrude tongue

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8
Q

Cranial 9 and 10

A

Say ahhhh
Gag reflex
And vagus nerve

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9
Q

Ear assessment

A

Palpate before otoscope exam, pull on lobe
Inspect canal
Up and back for adult
Back and down for kids

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10
Q

Cranial nerve 1

A

Olfactory

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11
Q

Cranial nerve 5

A

Entire face sensation

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12
Q

Cranial nerve 2

A

Eye sight

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13
Q

Cranial nerve 3

A

Eyebrows

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14
Q

Cranial nerve 4

A

Inner eye

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15
Q

Cranial nerve 6

A

Outer eye

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16
Q

Cranial nerve 8

A

Hearing

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17
Q

Cranial nerve 11

A

Shoulders

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18
Q

Macular rash

A

Flat up to 1cm

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19
Q

Papular rash

A

Raised

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20
Q

Wheal

A

Irregular raised rash

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21
Q

Vesicular

A

0.5 cm or less with serous fluid

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22
Q

Bulla

A

Greater than 0.6 cm with serous fluid

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23
Q

Pustule

A

Pus

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24
Q

Erosion

25
Q

Ulcers

26
Q

Fissure

A

Crack in skin

27
Q

Eye assessment

A

Start with visual acuity via snellen or rosenbaum
Peripheral vision
Follow finger
Light reflex

28
Q

Anisocoria

A

Different size of pupil no more than 1mm

29
Q

Ideal body weight

A

Women 100 for first 5 feet plus 5 lbs for each inch
Men- 106 pounds for first 5 feet plus 6 pounds for each inch thereafter
+10% large frame
-10% small frame

30
Q

BMI

A

Kg weight/height in meters (2)
Lbs X inches (2) X703

31
Q

History outline

A

Cc
HPI- symptoms analysis-OLDCARTS
PMHX- med list, allergies
FH
PH/SH
ROS

32
Q

Placing the bar of a vibrating tuning fork in the midline vertex of the patients head is a test for (Weber test)

A

Lateralization of sound

33
Q

What weight in pounds would be considered ideal for a 40 year old women who is 5 feet 4 inches tall with medium frame

34
Q

An ear auricle with a low set or unusual angle may indicate chromosomal aberration or

A

Renal disease

35
Q

Nasal symptoms that imply an allergic response include

A

Blusish grey boggy turbinates

36
Q

In the fetus the right ventricle pumps the blood through

A

Ductus arteriosus

37
Q

If the apical impulse is more vigorous than expected to the chest wall it is called a

38
Q

What measurement best assesses skeletal mass

A

Mid arm circumference

39
Q

What would the nurse palpate when assessing submental lymph nodes

A

Behind the tip of the mandible

40
Q

Tracheal tugging

A

Indicated aortic aneurysm

41
Q

Tender lymph node

A

Inflammatory process, slow growing

42
Q

Hard firm lymph node

A

Concern for malignancy especially if fast growing and supraclavicular

43
Q

Chest assessment

A

RUL, RML, RLL
LUL, LLL

44
Q

Normal chest diameter

A

1:2 ratio
Anterior to transverse
1:1 indicates barrel chest

45
Q

Pectus excavatum

A

Hollow in sternum

46
Q

Pectus carinatum

A

Pigeon chest
Raised sternum

47
Q

Tactile fremitus

A

Palms on lateral surface of chest
Patient says “99”
Increase sound can mean consolidation
Decreased sound can be pleural effusion

48
Q

Chest percussion

A

Expect resonance

49
Q

Chest auscultation

A

Vesicular- low pitched
Bronchovesicular- major bronchi, moderate pitch
Bronchial- highest pitch over trachea

50
Q

Advantageous breathe sounds

A

Crackles
Wheeze
Rhonchi- air through mucus cleared with cough
Pleural friction rub- heard with inspiration or expiration, grating sound and painful

51
Q

Heart sounds

A

S1 opening and closing of mitral and tricuspid
S2 aortic and pulmonic

52
Q

Murmurs

A

Systolic murmur occurs after S1 like AS or Pulmonic stenosis, mitral regurg, tri regurg, mitral valve prolapse
Diastolic occurs between S2 and S1 pulmonic regurg, aortic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, tricuspid stenosis

53
Q

Aortic stenosis

A

Systolic murmur ejection click, crescendo decrescendo murmur, right 2nd intercostal space, can radiate to neck or carotids
Pulmonic can sound similar due to site, but no neck radiation

54
Q

Mortal regurgitation

A

Best heard at apex
Holo/pan systolic murmur, flat murmur
Murmur starts right at S1, atrial enlargement, intensity the same until S2
Radiates to axilla

55
Q

Mitral valve prolapse

A

Systolic murmur
Non ejection click, mid to late systolic, may have a MR murmur after

56
Q

Aortic regurgitation

A

Diastolic murmur
Listen at erbs point ish area left sternal border
Early murmur, decrescendo
Again pulmonic similar

57
Q

Mitral stenosis

A

Diastolic murmur
Opening snap, decrescendo, pre systolic accentuation, gets louder at very end before S1
Opening snap plus mid diastolic rumble
Tricuspid similar but over tricuspid area

58
Q

S3, S4

A

S3-volume overload early diastolic, ok in young people, elderly can indicate CHF, ventricular gallop
S4- pressure overload, end of diastole, atrial gallop, always pathological
Both can be heard on Left lateral decubitus (on left side) at mitral point

Assessment (4 decks)

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