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Informatics > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

are programs that manage the resources of the computer system and simplify applications programming.

A

Systems software

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2
Q

The sequence of instructions developed by a software programmer is called a

A

computer program.

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3
Q

is the software that controls the computer hardware and acts as a bridge between applications and the hardware.

A

operating system (OS)

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4
Q

Computer programs that are written by a computer manufacturer, by a software manufacturer, or by the users themselves to guide the computer to perform a specific task are called

A

Application Program

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5
Q

●The number of pixels on a display

A

Resolution

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6
Q

●Grouping of one red dot, one green dot, and one blue dot.

A

Dot Triad

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7
Q

●Measurement of how close the dots are located to one another within a pixel

A

Dot Pitch

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8
Q

●Measure of how fast the monitor rewrites the screen or the number of times that the image is redrawn on the display each second.

A

Refresh Rate

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9
Q

●Ratio of the width of the monitor to the height of the monitor

A

Aspect Ratio

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10
Q

●Measured diagonally from one corner of the display to the opposite corner.

A

Viewable Area

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11
Q

is an electronic device that allows current flow in one direction only.

A

diode

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12
Q

●two or more objects sharing resources and information

A

computer network

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13
Q

is sometimes created so that larger networks can be segmented or broken up into smaller networks to reduce traffic within that network

A

network bridge

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14
Q

is the physical (geometric) layout of the connected devices on a network. There are four common topology configurations: bus, ring, star, and mesh

A

Topology

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15
Q

is the simplest device that can be used to connect several pieces of equipment together for network communication purposes.

A

Network hub

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16
Q

provides the interface between the computer and the network medium

A

Network Interface Card

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17
Q

●Uses glass threads to transmit data on the network.
●It consists of a fiber optic core that is surrounded by a plastic protective covering.

●This type of cable is much faster than its metal counterparts, but it is more expensive and much more fragile
●It is most often used in the infrastructure of the network, in network closets, and in large archive/computer rooms.

A

Fiber Optic Cable

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18
Q

●Similar to the wiring used for the cable television that is run into a house.
●Consists of a center conducting wire surrounded by insulation and then a grounded shield of braided wire

A

Coaxial cable

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19
Q

●Generally a high-end computer that does high-level processing for specific purposes.

A

Thick client

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20
Q

●A device that is found on a network that requests services and resources from a server.

A

Thin client

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21
Q

●A digital image is made up of a two-dimensional array of numbers, called a matrix.

●The matrix consists of columns (M) and rows (N) that define small square regions called picture elements or pixels

A

Matrix

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22
Q

●The amount of body part or patient included in the image.
●The larger the FOV, the more area is imaged

A

Field of View (FOV)

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23
Q

●Is the smallest element in a digital image.

A

Pixel, or picture element

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24
Q

●The size of the pixel is directly related to the amount of spatial resolution or detail in the image

A

Pixel Size

25
Q

●The number of bits within a pixel
●Most digital imaging systems have bit depths of 10 to 16, resulting in more shades of gray

A

Pixel Bit Depth

26
Q

●Refers to its appearance on the display monitor of the computer and is a function of the monitor’s ability to emit light through the surface of the display.

A

Brightness

27
Q

●The ability of the digital system to display subtle changes in the shade of gray

A

Contrast Resolution

28
Q

●The ability of the imaging system to demonstrate small details of an object

A

Spatial Resolution

29
Q

●Ability to respond to varying levels of exposure, more tissue densities on the digital image are seen, giving the appearance of more detail.

A

Dynamic Range

30
Q

●The range of exposure diagnostic image values the image detector is able to produce.
●Dependent on the image detector—the higher the dynamic range of the detector, the more values can be detected.

A

Exposure Latitude

31
Q

VRT

A

Volume rendering technique

32
Q

SSD

A

Shaded surface display /

33
Q

MPR

A

Multiplanar Reconstruction

34
Q

MIP

A

Maximum Intensity Projection

35
Q

MinIP

A

Minimum Intensity Projection

36
Q

ENIAC

A

(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator)

37
Q

(ASCC)

A

Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator

38
Q

is everything about the computer that is visible – the physical components of the system that include the various input and output devices.

A

hardware

39
Q

HARDWARE EXAMPLE

A

•Input Processing
•memory
•storage
•output
•and communications

40
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit

41
Q

is designed for large, high performance, multiuser or multitasking system.

A

Pentium processor

42
Q

These two computers and all other components are connected by an electrical conductor called a.

A

bus

43
Q

RAM

A

Random Access Memory

44
Q

contains information supplied by the manufacturers, called firmware that cannot be written on or erased.

A

Read-only memory

45
Q

-stores data and programs as tiny indentions or pits on a disc-shaped, flat piec of Mylar plastic.

A

CD/ COMPACT DISC

46
Q
  • operate in the same manner as CDs but offer higher capacity.
A

DVDs and Blu-ray DISC

47
Q

-are thin, rigid glass or metal platters. Each side of the platter is coated with a recording material that can be magnitized. HDD are tightly sealed in a hard disc drive, and data can be recorded on both sides of the disc platters. It is typically located inside the computer but can also be attached externally.

A

HARD DISC DRIVES/HDDs

48
Q

These drives are typically of a lower capacity that HDDs and more expensive. However, they store data based on solid state principles and therefore allow for much faster access to data and are more durable than traditional HDDs

A

Solid-state drive/ SSD

49
Q

system consists of two or more-disc drives in a single cabinet that collectively act as a single storage system

A

redundant array of independent discs/RAID

50
Q

consists of devices that translate computer information into a form that humans can understand.

A

Output hardware

51
Q

Are another form of output device and are categorized by the manner in which the print mechanism physically contacts the paper to print an image

A

PRINTERS

52
Q

-operates similarly to a photocopying machine. Images are created with dots on a drum, are treated with a magnetically charged ink like substance called toner., and then then are transferred from drum to paper.

A

Laser printers

53
Q

Also form images with little dots. These printers electrically charge small drops of ink that are then quieter and less expensive and can also print in color.

A

Inkjet Printers

54
Q

converts data into a form that the computer can use.

A

Input device

55
Q

-includes standard typewriter keys that are used to enter words and numbers and function keys that enter specific command.

A

Keyboard

56
Q

Translate images of text, drawings, or photographs into a digital format recognizable by the computer

A

Scanners

57
Q

Translate analog sound into digital format. Similalrly, video images, such as those from a camcorder, are digitized by a special video that can be installed in a computer

A

Audio input device

58
Q

-collects data directly from the environment and transmit them to a computer. Sensors are use to detect things such as wind speed or temperature.

A

Sensors

59
Q
  • detect specific movements and characteristics of the human body. Security systems that identify a person through a finger print or a retinal vascular pattern are example of these.
A

Human biology input devices

Informatics (1 decks)

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