exam

Question 1

What is psychoanalytic theory

Answer 1

All human behaviour is influenced by early childhood

Question 2

whats the id

Answer 2

the instinctual part of the which operates on the pleasure principle

Question 3

What is the ego

Answer 3

the rational part of the mind

Question 4

what is the super ego

Answer 4

a term for the moral centre of the mind

Question 5

What is projection

Answer 5

a defense mechanism where a person associates their own fears/anger/impulses onto someone else

Question 6

What is a flash mob

Answer 6

a spontaneous public assembly of people that perform an act, and then disperse

Question 7

what is the conscious

Answer 7

information we are always aware of

Question 8

what is the unconscious

Answer 8

information processing in our mind that we are unaware of

Question 9

what is repression

Answer 9

unacceptable desires or impulses that are excluded from the conscious mind, and then operate in the unconscious mind.

Question 10

what is personality

Answer 10

an individuals pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Question 11

what is an unconditioned stimulus

Answer 11

a stimulus that triggers a natural response

Question 12

what is classical conditioning

Answer 12

a type of learning in which a once neutral stimulus produces a certain response after pairing with a conditioned stimulus

Question 13

what is operant conditioning

Answer 13

a type of learned behaviour that uses rewards and punishments to achieve a desired behaviour.

Question 14

What are the 8 steps in the inquiry process

Answer 14

Step 1: Question

Step 2: Focus

Step 3: Develop a Hypothesis

Step 4: Collect Data

Step 5: Assemble and Analyze Data

Step 6: Stop and Check

Step 7: Present Results

Step 8: Reflection

Question 15

Explain the Maslow Hierarchy of needs

Answer 15

The basis of Maslow’s theory is that we are motivated by our needs as human beings. Additionally, if some of our most important needs are unmet, we may be unable to progress and meet our other needs.

Question 16

List the hierarchy of needs in order (bottom to top)

Answer 16

Physiological (food, water)

Security (job, health)

Love and Belonging (family friends)

Esteem (confidence)

Self Actualization (trying to achieving full potential)

Question 17

What was the stanford prison experiment

Answer 17

Phillip zimbardo wanted to understand the development of norms and the effects of roles, labels, and social expectations in a simulated prison environment. Over the course of the experiment, some of the guards became cruel and tyrannical, while a number of the prisoners became depressed and disoriented. However, only after an outside observer came upon the scene and registered shock did Zimbardo conclude the experiment, less than a week after it had started.

Question 18

what is deviance

Answer 18

the fact or state of departing from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behaviour

Question 19

What is peer socialization

Answer 19

a critical aspect of personality development because it teaches one how to function in society. These factors tend to drive the way peer groups are assembled until adolescence.

Question 20

What is socialization

Answer 20

the process whereby an individual’s standards, skills, motives, attitudes, and behaviours change to conform to those regarded as desirable and appropriate for his or her role in society.

Question 21

What is anthropology

Answer 21

the study of human societies and cultures and their development.

Question 22

What is cultural anthropology

Answer 22

the branch of anthropology concerned with the study of human societies and cultures and their development

Question 23

What is archaeology

Answer 23

the study of the ancient and recent human past through material remains

Question 24

What is psychology

Answer 24

the scientific study of the mind and behaviour

Question 25

Behaviourism

Answer 25

a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviours are acquired through conditioning, and conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment.

Question 26

What is psychoanalysis?

Answer 26

Psychoanalysis is a therapy that delves into unconscious thoughts and childhood experiences to understand and alleviate psychological issues. Made by Sigmund Freud.

Question 27

What is Jane Goodall known for

Answer 27

Jane Goodall is known for her work with chimpanzees, particularly her long-term study of their behaviour in the wild, which transformed our understanding of primate behaviour and conservation efforts.

Question 28

What is Dian Fossey known for

Answer 28

Dian Fossey is known for her pioneering research and advocacy for the conservation of mountain gorillas in Rwanda, where she studied their behaviour extensively and fought against poaching and habitat destruction

Question 29

What is Louis Leakey known for

Answer 29

Louis Leakey is known for his contributions to paleoanthropology, particularly for his discoveries of early hominid fossils in East Africa, which helped our understanding of human evolution and the origins of Homo sapiens

Question 30

What is Ivan Pavlov known for

Answer 30

Ivan Pavlov is known for his experiments with dogs, which demonstrated classical conditioning, a process in which a previously neutral stimulus (bell) comes to elicit a reflexive response (salivation) through association with another stimulus (food). This work laid the foundation for behaviourist theories.

Question 31

What is the feminist theory

Answer 31

Feminist theory critiques and seeks to dismantle societal norms and structures that perpetuate gender inequality, advocating for gender equity and justice

Question 32

what is conflict theory

Answer 32

Conflict theory posits that society is composed of different groups with competing interests, focusing on how power dynamics and inequalities generate social conflict and drive historical change. macro.

Question 33

what is symbolic interactionism

Answer 33

Symbolic interactionism is a sociological perspective that examines how individuals interact through symbols (like words, gestures, and roles), creating and sharing meaning through their interactions, which shapes their social reality. Micro

Question 34

what is systems theory

Answer 34

Systems theory is an interdisciplinary approach that studies complex systems as interconnected wholes, emphasizing their components, interactions, and relationships within larger environments to understand their behaviour and dynamics.

Question 35

what is functionalism

Answer 35

a society is capable of bringing unity and happiness to its citizens. Stability is achieved when a society’s social institutions meet the needs of the citizens. MACRO.