Exam Flashcards
What is social science
The study of people: as individuals, communities and societies; their behaviours and interactions with each other
Anthropology
study of mankind
Psychology
study of the mind and human behaviour
Sociology
study of societies and how groups interact within them
Subjective
biased, coloured by personal feelings, equivalent to opinions, non-factual and non-verifiable
primary
provide raw information and first hand evidence. Examples include interview transcripts, statistical data, surveys etc. Primary research gives you direct access to the subject of your research
objective
unbiased, not coloured by personal feelings, equivalent to facts, factual and verifiable
secondary
Provide you second-hand information and commentary from other researchers- articles, documentaries, statistics collected by someone else etc
Quantitative
Focuses on numerical measurements
Qualitative
Deals with non-numerical
Independent
cause
dependant
effect
how do i ask the best inquiry question?
- Could it lead me to ask more questions as I work with it?
- Does it require support and justification, not just a one word answer (closed question)?
- Is it open-ended enough?
- Does it come out of my real curiosity about the topic?
- Does it assume a bias?
- Does it use keywords and concepts to keep it focused without being too narrow?
Scientific method
Purpose
Hypothesis
Method/Procedure
Observations/Results
Analysis
Conclusion
Functionalism*****
how social institutions work together to meet the needs of a society
Systems Theory**
Interacting processes and the way they influence each other over time allow the continuity of a whole
Example: traffic flow over the course of a day
Conflict Theory**
Focuses on how societies change and adapt over time through conflict
Symbolic Interactionism***
how individuals attach meaning to situations and how it influences behavior
Example: two people arguing over how to raise a child
Social Exchange Theory***
a relationship between two people is created through a process of cost-benefit analysis
Feminist Theory**
Focuses on gender inequalities
Hordes
based on kinship, life was hard women and man depended on one another, Women had approximately 2-3 children, 3-4 years apart, and cooporative parenting was a norm
Agricultural
Families became more organized and defined, Families of ten or more were typical, “Age of innocence” was lost since children worked all day
Industrial
Children were taken out of work force and put into mandatory schooling which began in 1871 in Ontario
Women played an increasingly crucial role of nurturer and worked at home
The “age of innocence” returned during this time
consumer
Husband was the provider in an age of consumerism
Children lived longer and stayed in school longer
Families had 3-4 children
This was known as the “cereal box family”
family definition
a group of one or more parents and their children living together as a unit.
Nuclear
two parents and one or more biological or adopted children
Childfree family
two spouses, without children
Lone parent family
a single parent with one or more children
extended family
a nuclear family, plus one or more relatives such as a grandparent
blended family
a couple and one or more children from a previous relationship
common law family
a couple that lives together, without legally being married. They may or may not have children
Socialization: Primary
learning survival skills
Socialization: Secondary
learning how to behave around others
Anticipatory
Resocialization
transforming socially unacceptable behaviour into socially acceptable behaviour
Racial/ethnic
developmental processes by which children acquire the behaviors perceptions values and attitudes of an ethnic group
Agents
family, school, work, media, peers, religion
