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Chemistry 11 > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is chemistry

A

Chemistry is the study of the periodic table; of the different changes that can occur to a substance when acted upon by something else.

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2
Q

Scientific Theory

A

A detailed and elaborate explanation for a set of apparently unrelated facts or observations

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3
Q

Scientific law

A

A principle or pattern observed in nature and commonly expressed mathematically

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4
Q

Solid

A

Has a fixed shape, mass and volume

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5
Q

Liquid

A

Has a fixed mass and volume but not shape

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6
Q

Gas

A

Has a fixed volume but not shape or mass

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7
Q

Compound

A

A substance comprised of two or more elements chemically combined

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8
Q

Element

A

Any substance that cant be broken down by chemical processes into two or more simpler substances

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9
Q

Molecule

A

A particle made up of individual atoms, chemically combined, functioning as a whole, independent unit of matter

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10
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more kinds of pure matter who are physically combined

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11
Q

Atom

A

The tiniest individual particle of an element, having the same chemical properties as the bulk element

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12
Q

Atomic number

A

tells us the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom of the element

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13
Q

Conversion factor

A

A ratio of two equivalent quantities

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14
Q

Chemical Formulas

A

A list of specific elements making up the substances

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15
Q

ISOTOPES

A

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

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16
Q

RADIOISOTOPES

A

An unstable form of a chemical element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable

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17
Q

Atomic Radius

A

This is the radius in which electrons can reside, the more electrons the bigger the radius until a stable octet is formed

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18
Q

Ionic radius

A

Occurs when a valence electron is removed from an atom of lithium, a lithium ion is formed, this has an ionic radius smaller than the atomic radius of the neutral lithium atom because there is one fewer electron shell

18
Q

Ionization energy

A

The energy needed to lose an electron

19
Q

electronegativity

A

A measurement from 0-4 that measures the attraction an atom has for electrons

20
Q

S-orbital

A

Spherical in shape There are one s-orbitals in each energy level There are a total of two electrons i each one

21
Q

P-orbital

A

Propeller shaped: There are three different p orbitals, The p-orbitals start in energy level 2 Each p-orbital can hold 2 electrons for a total of six

22
Q

D-orbitals

A

Donut or dumbbell shaped
There are 5 d-orbitals starting with energy level 3
Each can hold 2 electrons for a total of 10

23
Q

F-Orbital

A

Funny shaped
Seven f-orbitals start with energy level 3.
Each can hold 2 electrons for a total of 14.

24
Q

Chemical bonds

A

The forces of attraction holding atoms or ions together

25
Q

Formula unit:

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms or ions of the element in an ionic compound

26
Q

Crystal lattice

A

A regular, ordered arrangement of atoms, ion, or molecules

27
Q

Stable octet

A

a full shell of eight electrons in the outer energy level of an atom

28
Q

Ionic Halid:

A

A compound between a metal and a halogen. (Sodium Chloride )

29
Q

Solubility

A

A measure of how much one thing can dissolve in another

30
Q

Bronsted Lowry Acids and Bases

A

Bronsted Lowry acids are Proton Donors
B-L bases are proton acceptor

31
Q

Amphoteric

A

An ion that can exist as an acid or a base depending on what its reacting with

32
Q

Titration

A

process of chemical analysis in which the quantity of some constituent of a sample is determined by adding to the measured sample an exactly known quantity of another substance with which the desired constituent reacts in a definite, known proportion

33
Q

Cu 2

A

Flame: Blue or Green, soln: Blue

34
Q

Co2

A

Soln: Pink

35
Q

Fe 2

A

Soln: pale blue

36
Q

Mn 2

A

Soln: pale Pink

37
Q

Fe 3

A

Soln: Yellow-Brown

38
Q

Ni

A

Soln: Green

39
Q

LI

A

Flame: Bright red

40
Q

Na

A

Flame: Yellow

41
Q

K

A

Flame: Violet

42
Q

Ca2

A

Flame: Yellow red

43
Q

Sr2

A

Flame: Bright red

Chemistry 11 (1 decks)

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