Exam

Question 1

neuroeconomics

Answer 1

a study of biological foundations of economic cognition

Question 2

biological foundations

Answer 2

neurochemical mechanisms and pathways (e.g. neurons)

Question 3

economic cognition

Answer 3

cognitive activity associated with economic perceptions (e.g. expectations)

Question 4

thalamus

Answer 4

the hub, processing part of the brain

Question 5

selective attention test

Answer 5

missing a lot and we have no idea

Question 6

levels of analysis in behavioural science

Answer 6

social - organ - neural - brain - circuit - cellular - synaptic - molecular

Question 7

Scientific research (what’s different)

Answer 7

empirical method

Question 8

process of scientific research

Answer 8

make observations
think of interesting questions
formulate hypotheses
develop testable predictions
gather data to test predictions
(refine, alter, expand or reject hypotheses)
develop general theories

Question 9

hypothesis

Answer 9

proposed explanation for phenomenon
must be testable
should try to falsify not prove

Question 10

causality

Answer 10

how does Y change X ceteris paribus
the cause precedes the effect
there is covariation
no alternative explanation

Question 11

Talairaach space

Answer 11

general coordinate system of brain
because brains differ

Question 12

independent variable x dependent variable

Answer 12

stimuli x brain’s response

Question 13

voxel

Answer 13

3D pixel
basic unit
1-5 mm3

Question 14

brain composition change with age

Answer 14

the volume decreases

Question 15

fMRI

Answer 15

blood flow and oxygen - brain’s activity
most detailed
MRI - anatomic sturcture
fMRI - metabolic function

Question 16

CT

Answer 16

detailed X-ray (series of images)

Question 17

PET

Answer 17

radioactive tracer
glucose = activity

Question 18

EEG

Answer 18

electrodes, electrical activity on brain’s surface
graphs of brain waves

Question 19

ERP

Answer 19

uses EEG
brain response to events

Question 20

Optimism bias

Answer 20

unrealistically optimistic future
no precautionary action

Question 21

present bias & myopia

Answer 21

overvaluation of present rewards at the expense of future terms

Question 22

anchoring

Answer 22

relying on initial information
using it as an anchor
two mugs, same price, one price before discount

Question 23

round number bias

Answer 23

use them when guessing and estimating
easy to remember, preference for them

Question 24

status quo bias

Answer 24

prefer things to stay as they are
saves cognitive energy

Question 25

dunner-kruger effect

Answer 25

dumb x smart people

Question 26

five factor personality

Answer 26

openness to experience
consciousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

Question 27

Eysenck’s 3 dimension theory

Answer 27

psychoticism
extraversion
neuroticism