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Integrated Science > exam > Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What organelle lets materials enter and exit?

A

Cell Membrane

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2
Q

What membrane holds cell DNA?

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

What’s the powerhouse of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

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4
Q

What organelle holds ribosomes?

A

ER (Endoplasmic Rectilum)

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5
Q

What cell structure packages and delivers protein?

A

Golgi Apparatus

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6
Q

What cell organelle collects and removes waste materials?

A

Lysosome

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7
Q

What cell organelle stores water and nutrients?

A

Vacuoles

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8
Q

What cell structure helps build protein, where protein synthesis takes place (small ridges in the ER)

A

Ribosomes

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9
Q

What cell structure helps transport & structure?

A

Cytoskeleton

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10
Q

What supports plant structures and are threads throughout the cell?

A

Cell Wall

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11
Q

Fluid within the cell that holds all Organelles?

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q

What’s another word for ATP?

A

Energy

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13
Q

Which ER is involved in lipid synthesis?

A

Smooth ER

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14
Q

Which ER is involved in protein synthesis?

A

Rough ER

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15
Q

What are simple, unicellular organisms without a nucleus.

A

Prokaryotic

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16
Q

Complex cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

A

Eukaryotic

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17
Q

Ability of the cell membrane to allow some substances to pass while blocking others

A

Selective Permeability

18
Q

When water passes through a cell membrane?

A

Osmosis

19
Q

What cell structure conducts photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy?

A

Chloroplasts

20
Q

How do organelles work together to maintain cell function?

A

the Nucleus controls gene expression, the ER synthesizes proteins and lipids the golgi apparatus processes and ships them and the mitochondria provides energy.

21
Q

Compare and contrast the structures and functions of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

A

Mitochondria: Double Membrane, produces ATP through cellular respiration, found in all eukaryotic cells
Chloroplasts: Double membrane, conducts photosynthesis to produce glucose, found only in plant cells.

22
Q

Concept that all living organisms are composed of cells, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells?

A

Cell theory

23
Q

another term for cell membrane?

A

plasma membrane

24
Q

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?

A

Diffusion

25
Q

Movement of molecules across a membrane using energy?

A

Active transport

26
Q

Movement of molecules across a membrane without the use of energy?

A

Passive transport.

27
Q

Solution with equal concentration of solutes inside and outside

A

Isotonic

28
Q

Process by which cells generate ATP by breaking down glucose and other molecules?

A

ATP

29
Q

Sum of all chemical reactions in an organism?

A

Metabolism

30
Q

Protein that catalyzes biochemical reactions?

A

Enzymes

31
Q

Genetic material that carries the instructions for life??

A

Dna

32
Q

Molecule involved in translating genetic information into proteins?

A

RNA

33
Q

The process contributes to the nutrient cycle in the soil, facilitating the growth of plants which in turn support various ecosystems

A

Nutrient Flow

34
Q

Why do plants appear green to us and how pigments absorb and reflect light??

A

Chlorophyll absorbs light most efficiently in the blue and red wavelengths but reflects green light, making plants appear green to our eyes.

35
Q

Light dependent reactions step 1

A

Water enters the chloroplasts

36
Q

Light Dependent Reactions step 2

A

Water is split by light energy, producing oxygen (02) and hydrogen ions (H+)

37
Q

Light Dependent Reactions Step 3

A

The energy from this reaction produces ATP and NADPH

38
Q

A membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts, the sit of light dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A

Thylakoid

39
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis

A

Glucose and oxygen

40
Q

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

A

Water and CO2

41
Q

Is the independent variable what changes or stays the same?

A

Changes

42
Q

Dependent Variable

A

What responds

Integrated Science (2 decks)

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