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Dental Materials > EXAM > Flashcards

EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two pastes called in dycal (calcium hydroxide)?

A

catalyst, base

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2
Q

when mixing IRM (zinc oxide eugenol) how much powder should you initially add to the liquid?

A

1/2

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3
Q

when mixing zinc polycarboxylate (durelon) how much powder should you incorporate initially?

A

all

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4
Q

to use the powder/liquid resin modified glass inonomer (relyx) what is the powder:liquid ratio?

A

1:1 (3:3)

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5
Q

when mixing liners, bases and cements the ppe required is?

A

gown, protective eyewear, mask, exam gloves

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6
Q

cavity ___ acts as a protective barrier between the tooth preparation and the restoration?

A

varnish

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7
Q

___ is used as a low strength base/liner in cavity preparation in which dentin no longer covers the pulp?

A

calcium hydroxide

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8
Q

___ provide thermal insulation and support for restorations?

A

high strength base/liners

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9
Q

for use as a provisional and intermediate restoration, dental cements are mixed to a ____ consistency?

A

secondary

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10
Q

as a ___ cements are used to provide protection and support for the surgical site, to provide patient comfort and to help in the control of bleeding?

A

surgical dressing

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11
Q

no cement is ideal for every ___ situation?

A

clinical

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12
Q

____ is the measure of the cements ability to flow under pressure?

A

viscosity

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13
Q

the cement’s resistance to deformation/fracture under an applied force is a measure of it’s ______ properties?

A

mechanical

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14
Q

_____ is based on the interlocking of one material with another like velcro?

A

mechanical adhesion

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15
Q

______ occurs at the molecular level when atoms of the two materials swap electrons or share outer electrons?

A

chemical adhesion

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16
Q

dental cement that has been used for many years is available in a powder/liquid and paste/paste system, can be used for temporary cementation temporary and intermediate restorations, high and low strength bases, root canal sealers and periodontal dressings?

A

zinc oxide eugenol (zoe)

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17
Q

two dental cements that set through an acid base reaction?

A

zinc polycarboxylate, zinc oxide eugenol (zoe)

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18
Q

dental cement that is used as a permanent luting agent, luting of orthodontic bands and brackets, restorative materials, low and high strength bases and core build ups?

A

glass ionomer cements

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19
Q

dental cements that are modified composite resins with lower viscosity used for bonding of cermic indirect restorations, conventional crowns, and bridges and for direct or indirect bonding of orthodontic brackets?

A

resin based cements

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20
Q

dental amalgam is still widely used because no other direct restorative material has?

A

ease of manipulation, durability, low cost

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21
Q

amalgam has been studied and tested more than nay other direct restorative material?

A

true

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22
Q

lathe-cut alloy?

A

irregularly shaped particles formed by shaving fine particles from an alloy ingot

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23
Q

spherical alloy

A

small spheres of alloy particles produced by spraying a fine mist of liquid alloy into an inert gas environment

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24
Q

admixed alloy

A

mixture of lathe-cut and spherical alloys

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25
Q

how long does it take for a newly placed amalgam restoration to gain its maximum strength?

A

24 hours

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26
Q

amalgam is among the strongest directly placed restorative material?

A

true

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27
Q

what could be done to help prevent could sensitivity in a tooth with a deep amalgam restoration?

A

place a base

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28
Q

a patient with a recently place amalgam filling calls the office and states that occassionally they get a little electric shock in the tooth followed by a metallic taste. what type of reaction is occuring?

A

galvanic

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29
Q

amalgam safety?

A

safety of the patient, safety of the dental staff, safety of the environment

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30
Q

while trying to load the triturator you have accidently opened the cap and spilled mercury onto the floor. the best way to clean and dispose of the contents is?

A

use and follow the directions of a mercury spill kit

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31
Q

what item is needed to contain the amalgam when preparing a class 2 amalgam?

A

matrix band

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32
Q

fluoride helps to protect the teeth from decay by?

A

making the enamel more resistant to bacterial acids

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33
Q

when tooth enamel first begins to demineralize, what is one of the corrective measures that can be taken to stimulate remineralizeation?

A

use a daily rinse containing fluoride

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34
Q

when enamel is remineralized with fluoride?

A

the resultant remineralized crystal is more resistant to acids

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35
Q

fluorosis is always considered to be?

A

a sign that the person has ingested more than the optimal amount of fluoride

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36
Q

nightly home fluoride treatment with 1.1% sodium fluoride as a brush on gel or in custom trays is indicated for?

A

elderly patients taking medications that cause dry mouth

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37
Q

sealant materials

A

an unfilled or lightly filled resin

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38
Q

when a dental sealant is placed, the technique?

A

requires the field to be kept dry

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39
Q

best candidate for a sealant?

A

a newly erupted tooth with numerous deep fissures

40
Q

if caries in a fissure is undetected and is inadvertently covered by a well placed dental sealant what will happen?

A

caries will stop progressing

41
Q

very small filler particles are added to sealant material for which purpose?

A

to decrease wear of the sealant

42
Q

how is the surface of the tooth prepared before acid etching for sealant placement?

A

the surfaces are cleaned with pumice

43
Q

the acid most commonly used to etch the enamel for sealant application is which one?

A

phosphoric acid

44
Q

the tip of the light wand of the curing light should be held how close to the sealant?

A

very close about 1mm away from the surface

45
Q

reasons why pits and fissures are so susceptible to caries?

A

the enamel lining them is always very thin

46
Q

after placement of a sealant what should be checked?

A

the occlusion, the contact areas with adjacent teeth, the sealant surface for voids or porosities

47
Q

the most common reason for loss of a sealant shortly after placement is which of the following?

A

saliva contamination after acid etching

48
Q

how should the surface of the enamel appear after acid etching?

A

frosty white

49
Q

what does acid etching do to the surface of the enamel?

A

it creates a roughened, irregular surface

50
Q

the most important requirement for sucessfully bonding sealants to enamel is?

A

good isolation to prevent saliva contamination

51
Q

studies show caries to occur in pits and fissures most often in which group of teeth?

A

permanent molars

52
Q

how does a sealant adhere to the etched enamel surface?

A

micromechanical retention

53
Q

the main purpose of desensitizing agents?

A

is to plug the openings of the exposed dentinal tubules

54
Q

what ingredient in silver diamine fluoride stains the decayed portion of the tooth and anything it comes in contact with?

A

silver

55
Q

application to silver diamine fluoride ___ times per year has shown to arrest caries at 90%?

A

2

56
Q

fluoride varnish can remain on the tooth for ____ days with light brushing?

A

1 to 3

57
Q

a ___ is used to provide a stronger bond between the fillers and the matrix?

A

saline coupling agent

58
Q

____ add a variety of colors to composite?

A

pigments

59
Q

the ___ shrinkage of a composite can be minimized by placing and curing the composite in small increments?

A

polymerization

60
Q

____ in the composite are composed of quartz, silica and glass?

A

fillers

61
Q

flowable composites exhibit ___viscosity?

A

low

62
Q

pit and fissure sealants are ____ viscosity composite resins?

A

low

63
Q

____ refers to the shrinkage that occurs when the composite is cured?

A

polymerizationco

64
Q

composites wear ____ amalgams?

A

faster than

65
Q

one advantage of glass ionomer compared to composite is?

A

that it has been shown to release fluoride

66
Q

which one of the following types of composites generally will shrink the most when polymerized?

A

flowable composite

67
Q

the completed impression forms a ____ reproduction of the teeth and tissues?

A

negative

68
Q

____ ___ commonly called study models are made to further study the patient who is no longer present in the dental office?

A

diagnostic casts

69
Q

____ is by far the most widely used impression material because it is inexpensive, easy to manipulate and reasonably accurate for many dental procedures?

A

alginate

70
Q

with the growing use of CAD/CAM technology ____ ___ are being used more and more as an alternative to impression materials?

A

digital impressions

71
Q

impression material that is reversible?

A

agar

72
Q

bite registration, diagnostic casts and final impressions are the three basic categories of impression materials?

A

true

73
Q

oldest impression material not commonly used anymore?

A

polysulfide

74
Q

which impression material produces a by product of water, gas or alcohol?

A

condensation silicone

75
Q

what is true of polysulfide?

A

it has the smell of rotten eggs (sulfer)

76
Q

what is an inelastic impression material?

A

impression plaster

77
Q

elastic impression materials?

A

polyether, polyvinyl siloxane, alginate

78
Q

when taking final impressions there is only on type of viscosity available?

A

false

79
Q

true

A

polyvinylsiloxane: a very accurate addition silicone elastomer impression material. it is used extensively for crown and bridge procedures because of its accuracy, dimensional stability, and ease of manipulation?

80
Q

final impressions are made as a precursor to other treatment?

A

false

81
Q

when you are ready to remove the tray, use a finger at the side of the tray to apply pressure to break the seal while pulling the tray quickly away from the teeth with a snap, protect the teeth in the opposing arc with fingers placed on top of the tray?

A

true

82
Q

it is better to choose a smaller tray when taking alginate impressions so that the patient doesn’t gag?

A

false

83
Q

___ _____ are impressions that are more accurate in the replication of the oral structures?

A

final impressions

84
Q

_____ _____ are used to help mount diagnostic casts in their proper relationship on an articulator and also help the lab make the final restoration so that it functions as similarly to the original tooth as possible?

A

bite registrations

85
Q

gypsum is a man made product that is rarely used today in dentistry?

A

false

86
Q

____ products are the most frequently used to make replicas of the patients mouth?

A

gypsum

87
Q

the mixing of plaster and stone in a flexible rubber bowl with a broad metal spatual is called_____ ?

A

spatulation

88
Q

diagnostic and working casts have two parts the _______ portion which replicates the hard and soft structures and the ____ portion which aids in handling and articulation the casts?

A

anatomic, art

89
Q

a study model is a _____ reproduction

A

positive

90
Q

an impression is a ______ reproduction

A

negative

91
Q

double pour method?

A

involves two seperate mixes and two seperate setting times

92
Q

single step method?

A

involves one mix which is used to pour both portions of the cast

93
Q

boxing method?

A

wax is used to form a wall in which the gypsum base will be poured

94
Q

the amount of water to the amount of powder (the ratio) can greatly affect the consistency of gypsum and how it reacts?

A

true

95
Q

amount of powder for mandibular impression?

A

two scoops

96
Q

amount of water for maxillary impressions?

A

three measures

97
Q
A

Dental Materials (1 decks)

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