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MBG 4020 > exam > Flashcards

exam Flashcards

1
Q

detecting a QTL requires pieces fall into place, including finding. marker close enough to the QTL to ensure linkage, describe the ideal marker

A

located within the coding or non-coding region of the gene that is suspected of making the difference in phenotype

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2
Q

when using a QTL in a selection program, how often to verify the allele

A

verify the marker allele - QTL allele linkage regularily over time

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3
Q

geneticists sometimes use SNPs to look for QTL - broken down to chromosome by chromosome search - when many SNPs available, better to ?

A

group markers into haploid based on parental inheritance and analyze group as a virtual single marker looking for association with a QTL

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4
Q

common aspect of detecting a QTL

A

all methods look for a difference in pheno between individuals with MM vs mm genotype

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5
Q

degree of response is a function of superiority of the trait and its heritability - if we want to improve response what can we do to superiority selected?

A

decrease the size of the group and increase the difference between the selected group and rest of population

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6
Q

looking at heritability as a source of more selection response - what is most correct?

A

heritability can be improved by reducing variability through more precise measurements, quality control or usinf the most objective pheno possible

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7
Q

in addition to selection differential and heritability, time can factor in selection response - improve response in fixed time by?

A

selecting younger animals - sooner in life 0 mating them sooner to get generations sooner

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8
Q

avoid inbreeding and improve selection for a small group

A

select the best and smallest group you can get away with, mate best to the best, but not relatives - duh?

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9
Q

individual EBVs can be combined into selection index on the basis of

A

scaled variable weighting on each trait EBV - calculate weighting as a %/added genetic std to adjust for scale and range of EBVs

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10
Q

MAS is arriving at genetically superior animals by -

A

selecting best based on the EBVs calculated from pheno in proportion of the importance of each trait to the overall selection goal

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11
Q

positive assertive mating

A

mate males with best EBVs to the females with the best EBVs

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12
Q

negative assertive mating

A

mating males with best EBVs to females with worst EBVs

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13
Q

random mating

A

mate male at random to any of the females

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14
Q

rotational mating

A

mate best male from one sub pop to females in diff sub pop and switch for each subsequent generation

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15
Q

way that mating scenes can be combined to get best result for the breeding program

A

positive assorting for primary traits and negative assorting for secondary traits

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16
Q

backcrossing

A

population of one breed can be transformed into another breed over several generations

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17
Q

commonly used mating scheme for conserving a breed/species

A

negative assertive mating

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18
Q

resorting to pure breeds when producing a cross bred is

A

crossbreeding

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19
Q

crossing 3 pure breeds and closing the breeding program to select from the crossbreds is a

A

synthetic breed

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20
Q

most important thing to determine to develop a breeding program

A

of offspring/mating

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21
Q

seasonal breeding effect on breeding program

A

increased generational interval

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22
Q

unique opportunity for species that has lots of eggs

A

get offspring from more than one offspring

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23
Q

cold blooded species breeding program effects

A

generation interval
repro success of species
offspring survival

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24
Q

reduced maternal investment impact on offspring (if dad protects)

A

reduced generation interval

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25
Q

mating scheme gets evaluated and modified for impact of

A

of offspring produced/mating

breeding interval/seasonality
weaning interval
offspring produced

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26
Q

parthenogeneis conception impact

A

decreased genetic variation

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27
Q

consideration for multi-birth species

A

ensure for N we have enough families and greater genetic diversity

28
Q

single birth species base pop considerations

A

large enough N or Ne for sufficient genetic diversity

29
Q

single birth species mating system considerations

A

use pedigree to continue to have sufficient genetic diversity

30
Q

requirements for animal registration

A

unique animal ID
animal birthdate
parent unique identification

31
Q

permanent form of animal identification

A

microchip

32
Q

animal ID should be

A

permanent

33
Q

animal registration is a legal process in canada

A

yes

34
Q

can info on registration be changed on an animal?

A

yes

35
Q

is reg paper a legal document

A

yes

36
Q

what is all included in “tombstone data”

A

name
DOB
sex
parent names

37
Q

key field in relational database

A

piece of info that connects records across tables

38
Q

relational database stores data in tables to

A

increase efficiency of storing large diverse info

39
Q

electronic ID tech works best when paired with visual registration system

A

true

40
Q

when DNA marker is available for a genetic disorder - what is a sign of potential probs with the genetic test?

A

linkage phase for markers differs among breeds

41
Q

recomb rate when looking for marker locus and QTL

A

must be less than 0.5, smaller better

42
Q

microchip ID implant needs external power to broadcast ID in it

A

ye

43
Q

microchip ID is suitable for animals entering human food chain

A

no

44
Q

characteristics of a clone made w epithelial cells and using enucleated egg in development

A

shortened lifespan due to DNA wear and tear
differnet mitochondrial DNA from donor of epithelial cell
epigenetic changes that happened bc of the donor

45
Q

when can an evolving breed become a breed under animal pedigree acr

A

3 generaions that demonstrate breeding true and founder population established

46
Q

CKC and canadian livestock records corp are incorporated under corp canada legislation

A

no

47
Q

infintesimal model - genetic progress can be measured in change of allele freq for loci genotyped to select for improving trait

A

no - infinite doesnt use genotypes

48
Q

finite locus - progress can be measured by change of allele freq for the loci genotyped to select for improving the trait

A

yes - finite uses genotypes

49
Q

measuring all or part of genetic progress as avg EBV by birth year is applicalbe when describing selection of trait of interst

A

both hybrid and infinite models

50
Q

animals successful obedience classes are recognized and are on official registration of the animal

A

you bet

51
Q

docile dogs can have effect on

A

ear set, coat colour and tail carriage

52
Q

gentic model that is most based on MAS

A

hybrid

53
Q

genetic model most based on EBV selection

A

infinite

54
Q

genetic model most based on SNP selection

A

finite locus

55
Q

how to improve genetic progress in breeding program

A

reducing generation interval
reducing individuals selected by focusing on only the best

56
Q

correct order to set up breeding program

A
  1. population inventory
  2. selection goals
  3. phenotypes needed
  4. EBV calculations
  5. EBV combos
  6. QTLs
57
Q

t/f crossbreeding provides more benefits to pheno of traits with low heritability

A

yes

58
Q

hip dysplasia in dog is controlled by one gene

A

no, many genes actuall

59
Q

breed assosciations without their own registry are maintained by

A

canadian livestock records corp

60
Q

litter bearing species have more biological conern w inbreeding

A

false (terpstras)

61
Q

animal id should be (2 answers)

A

auditable and permanent

62
Q

setting up breeding program first step

A

determine size and characteristics of the population

63
Q

how to reduce genetic variability

A

spay/neuter, selection

64
Q

most important consideration when designing breeding program for novel species

A

repro differences

65
Q

positive assortive mating

A

best to the best

66
Q
A

MBG 4020 (1 decks)

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