exam

Question 1

detecting a QTL requires pieces fall into place, including finding. marker close enough to the QTL to ensure linkage, describe the ideal marker

Answer 1

located within the coding or non-coding region of the gene that is suspected of making the difference in phenotype

Question 2

when using a QTL in a selection program, how often to verify the allele

Answer 2

verify the marker allele - QTL allele linkage regularily over time

Question 3

geneticists sometimes use SNPs to look for QTL - broken down to chromosome by chromosome search - when many SNPs available, better to ?

Answer 3

group markers into haploid based on parental inheritance and analyze group as a virtual single marker looking for association with a QTL

Question 4

common aspect of detecting a QTL

Answer 4

all methods look for a difference in pheno between individuals with MM vs mm genotype

Question 5

degree of response is a function of superiority of the trait and its heritability - if we want to improve response what can we do to superiority selected?

Answer 5

decrease the size of the group and increase the difference between the selected group and rest of population

Question 6

looking at heritability as a source of more selection response - what is most correct?

Answer 6

heritability can be improved by reducing variability through more precise measurements, quality control or usinf the most objective pheno possible

Question 7

in addition to selection differential and heritability, time can factor in selection response - improve response in fixed time by?

Answer 7

selecting younger animals - sooner in life 0 mating them sooner to get generations sooner

Question 8

avoid inbreeding and improve selection for a small group

Answer 8

select the best and smallest group you can get away with, mate best to the best, but not relatives - duh?

Question 9

individual EBVs can be combined into selection index on the basis of

Answer 9

scaled variable weighting on each trait EBV - calculate weighting as a %/added genetic std to adjust for scale and range of EBVs

Question 10

MAS is arriving at genetically superior animals by -

Answer 10

selecting best based on the EBVs calculated from pheno in proportion of the importance of each trait to the overall selection goal

Question 11

positive assertive mating

Answer 11

mate males with best EBVs to the females with the best EBVs

Question 12

negative assertive mating

Answer 12

mating males with best EBVs to females with worst EBVs

Question 13

random mating

Answer 13

mate male at random to any of the females

Question 14

rotational mating

Answer 14

mate best male from one sub pop to females in diff sub pop and switch for each subsequent generation

Question 15

way that mating scenes can be combined to get best result for the breeding program

Answer 15

positive assorting for primary traits and negative assorting for secondary traits

Question 16

backcrossing

Answer 16

population of one breed can be transformed into another breed over several generations

Question 17

commonly used mating scheme for conserving a breed/species

Answer 17

negative assertive mating

Question 18

resorting to pure breeds when producing a cross bred is

Answer 18

crossbreeding

Question 19

crossing 3 pure breeds and closing the breeding program to select from the crossbreds is a

Answer 19

synthetic breed

Question 20

most important thing to determine to develop a breeding program

Answer 20

of offspring/mating

Question 21

seasonal breeding effect on breeding program

Answer 21

increased generational interval

Question 22

unique opportunity for species that has lots of eggs

Answer 22

get offspring from more than one offspring

Question 23

cold blooded species breeding program effects

Answer 23

generation interval
repro success of species
offspring survival

Question 24

reduced maternal investment impact on offspring (if dad protects)

Answer 24

reduced generation interval

Question 25

mating scheme gets evaluated and modified for impact of

Answer 25

# of offspring produced/mating breeding interval/seasonality weaning interval offspring produced

Question 26

parthenogeneis conception impact

Answer 26

decreased genetic variation

Question 27

consideration for multi-birth species

Answer 27

ensure for N we have enough families and greater genetic diversity

Question 28

single birth species base pop considerations

Answer 28

large enough N or Ne for sufficient genetic diversity

Question 29

single birth species mating system considerations

Answer 29

use pedigree to continue to have sufficient genetic diversity

Question 30

requirements for animal registration

Answer 30

unique animal ID animal birthdate parent unique identification

Question 31

permanent form of animal identification

Answer 31

microchip

Question 32

animal ID should be

Answer 32

permanent

Question 33

animal registration is a legal process in canada

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

can info on registration be changed on an animal?

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

is reg paper a legal document

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

what is all included in "tombstone data"

Answer 36

name DOB sex parent names

Question 37

key field in relational database

Answer 37

piece of info that connects records across tables

Question 38

relational database stores data in tables to

Answer 38

increase efficiency of storing large diverse info

Question 39

electronic ID tech works best when paired with visual registration system

Answer 39

true

Question 40

when DNA marker is available for a genetic disorder - what is a sign of potential probs with the genetic test?

Answer 40

linkage phase for markers differs among breeds

Question 41

recomb rate when looking for marker locus and QTL

Answer 41

must be less than 0.5, smaller better

Question 42

microchip ID implant needs external power to broadcast ID in it

Answer 42

ye

Question 43

microchip ID is suitable for animals entering human food chain

Answer 43

no

Question 44

characteristics of a clone made w epithelial cells and using enucleated egg in development

Answer 44

shortened lifespan due to DNA wear and tear differnet mitochondrial DNA from donor of epithelial cell epigenetic changes that happened bc of the donor

Question 45

when can an evolving breed become a breed under animal pedigree acr

Answer 45

3 generaions that demonstrate breeding true and founder population established

Question 46

CKC and canadian livestock records corp are incorporated under corp canada legislation

Answer 46

no

Question 47

infintesimal model - genetic progress can be measured in change of allele freq for loci genotyped to select for improving trait

Answer 47

no - infinite doesnt use genotypes

Question 48

finite locus - progress can be measured by change of allele freq for the loci genotyped to select for improving the trait

Answer 48

yes - finite uses genotypes

Question 49

measuring all or part of genetic progress as avg EBV by birth year is applicalbe when describing selection of trait of interst

Answer 49

both hybrid and infinite models

Question 50

animals successful obedience classes are recognized and are on official registration of the animal

Answer 50

you bet

Question 51

docile dogs can have effect on

Answer 51

ear set, coat colour and tail carriage

Question 52

gentic model that is most based on MAS

Answer 52

hybrid

Question 53

genetic model most based on EBV selection

Answer 53

infinite

Question 54

genetic model most based on SNP selection

Answer 54

finite locus

Question 55

how to improve genetic progress in breeding program

Answer 55

reducing generation interval reducing individuals selected by focusing on only the best

Question 56

correct order to set up breeding program

Answer 56

1. population inventory 2. selection goals 3. phenotypes needed 4. EBV calculations 5. EBV combos 6. QTLs

Question 57

t/f crossbreeding provides more benefits to pheno of traits with low heritability

Answer 57

yes

Question 58

hip dysplasia in dog is controlled by one gene

Answer 58

no, many genes actuall

Question 59

breed assosciations without their own registry are maintained by

Answer 59

canadian livestock records corp

Question 60

litter bearing species have more biological conern w inbreeding

Answer 60

false (terpstras)

Question 61

animal id should be (2 answers)

Answer 61

auditable and permanent

Question 62

setting up breeding program first step

Answer 62

determine size and characteristics of the population

Question 63

how to reduce genetic variability

Answer 63

spay/neuter, selection

Question 64

most important consideration when designing breeding program for novel species

Answer 64

repro differences

Question 65

positive assortive mating

Answer 65

best to the best