Exam

Question 1

Homeostasis is defined as:

Answer 1

The ability of body systems in general to resist or reverse change in their environment or activity

Question 2

The majority of DNA in a cell is contained within the nucleus.
True or False

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Phospholipids:
A. Provide structural support for DNA in the cell nucleus
B. Are stored as fat in adipose tissue
C. Assemble in a double layer to form cell membranes
D. Pad and insulate body organs

Answer 3

C. Assemble in a double layer to form cell membranes

Question 4

A simple sugar is called

Answer 4

Monosaccharide

Question 5

5. Which of the following is controlled by a positive feedback mechanism?

A. Blood pressure

B. Blood volume

C. Blood clotting

D. Red blood cell numbers

Answer 5

C. Blood clotting

Question 6

If someone has red hair and freckles, this description reveals a persons __

Answer 6

Phenotype

Question 7

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 7

Synthesis of lipids and steroid hormones

Question 8

In mitosis, the mitotic spindle appears in:

Answer 8

Prophase

Question 9

The largest organelle in the cell is

Answer 9

The nucleus

Question 10

Which of the following statements applies to osmosis?

A. It requires energy

B. It refers specifically to movement of water and water-soluble molecules

C. It occurs across the cell membrane until equilibrium is reached

D. It can transfer molecules up a concentration gradient

Answer 10

C. It occurs across the cell membrane until equilibrium is reached

Question 11

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) contains which of the following?

A. Deoxyribose sugar, a phospholipid and a base

B. Ribose sugar, a base and three phosphate groups

C. Three phosphorylated sugars, a base and the amino acide adenosine

D. Three fatty acids, ribose sugar and a phospholipid backbone

Answer 11

B. Ribose sugar, a base and three phosphate groups

Question 12

What is the role of ATP in cellular energy production?

A. ATP is broken down in the presence of oxygen to release energy

B. ATP is synthesised by enzymes in the mitochondria, which convert it to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) by adding on one phosphate group

C. When ATP is broken down, it releases oxygen for cellular energy

D. Release of energy from cellular metabolism is used to synthesise ATP, which stores this energy until it is required

Answer 12

D. Release of energy from cellular metabolism is used to synthesise ATP, which stores this energy until it is required

Question 13

The functional units of DNA are called:

Answer 13

Genes

Question 14

Meiosis:

A. Involves 3 distinct cell divisions to produce gametes

B. Ensures the daughter cells have exact copies of the parent cell’s DNA

C. Produces four haploid daughter cells, all genetically different to each other

D. Involves the process of crossing over, which takes place at the second meiotic division

Answer 14

C. Produces four haploid daughter cells, all genetically different to each other

Question 15

Homozygous alleles are:

A. Two identical copies of the same gene on matching chromosomal loci

B. Two identical copies of the same chromosome, following mitosis

C. Two identical chromatids belonging to the same chromosome

D. Either of the chromosomes belonging to a chromosome pair

Answer 15

A. Two identical copies of the same gene on matching chromosomal loci

Question 16

Which of the following is true of sex-linked inheritance?

A. Daughters cannot inherit a sex-linked gene

B. A sex-linked gene is carried on the Y chromosome

C. Males have only one copy of a sex-linked gene

D. Sex-linked genes are transmitted by the father, not the mother

Answer 16

C. Males have only one copy of a sex-linked gene

Question 17

The cell component that contains DNA and controls the cellular activity is the

Answer 17

Nucleus

Question 18

A cell organelle that destroys old cells and digests old substances in the body is the:

Answer 18

Lysosomes

Question 19

The cell component that is the outer surface of the cell and regulates the material going in and out of the cell is the:

Answer 19

Plasma membrane / Cell membrane

Question 20

Protects the DNA and is over the cell’s activity.

A. Nuclei
B. Nuclear envelope
C. Nucleus
D. Nucleolus

Answer 20

B. Nuclear envelope

Question 21

Produces membrane and studded with ribosomes.

A. Mitochondria
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
D. Cytoplasm

Answer 21

C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

Mitochondria
A. Provides energy to the cell through cytosine breakdown

B. Protects energy in the cell

C. Provides energy to the cell through glucose breakdown

D. Provides energy to the cell through phosphoric breakdown

Answer 22

C. Provides energy to the cell through glucose breakdown

Question 23

Golgi Complex.
o A. Acts as the post office
o B. Sorts and separates and repackages glucose
o C. Sorts separates and repackages proteins
o D. Sorts separates and repackages neurons

Answer 23

C. Sorts separates and repackages proteins

Question 24

Detoxifies drugs and produces membrane acting as the rehab center component of the cell is the:
o A.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
o B.
Cilia
o C.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
o D.
Cytoplasm

Answer 24

A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 25

Ribosomes:
o A.
Creates sites for factories
o B.
Site where protein synthesis begins
o C.
Site where protein synthesis ends
o D.
Site where protein synthesis are produced

Answer 25

B. Site where protein synthesis begins

Question 26

Multiple nucleus is called ____ and ____ is the extension of the plasma membrane that allows things in and out ____ is the source that moves only in humans.

o A.
Cilia, nuclei, flagellum
o B.
Nuclei, cilia, flagellum
o C.
Nuclei, cytosol, flagellum
o D.
Nuclei, cilia, flagellums

Answer 26

B. Nuclei, cilia, flagellum

Question 27

Cytoskeleton:

o A.
Produces bone membranes
o B.
Produces cells
o C.
Converts the cell through several processes
o D.
Converts the membrane through several processes

Answer 27

C. Converts the cell through several processes

Question 28

Waterloving is ______ and waterfearing is __________
o A.
Phylogenetic and phylogenetic
o B.
Hypothermulus and hyperthermus
o C.
Hydrophilic and hydrophobic
o D.
Hydrophobic and hydrophobic

Answer 28

C. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic