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Lit review exam 4 > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Smoking

A

18 light icebergs with 2000 cows on 2 to 15 coats. We can change 21 paddles with 12 to 20 rivers of alfalfa 18 feet high. 22 coasts of 18 bud lights jangled 20 ram 17s. 20 times the great yang scott found 22 greener pastures 11 miles past the 22 darts.

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2
Q

18 light icebergs with 2000 cows on 2 to 15 coats. We can change 21 paddles with 12 to 20 rivers of alfalfa 18 feet high. 22 coasts of 18 bud lights jangled 20 ram 17s. 20 times the great yang scott found 22 greener pastures 11 miles past the 22 darts.

A

Leite 2018
Bergstrom 2000
Calsina 2002
Kotsakis 2015
Chang 2021
Patel 2012
Ravida 2020
Alfadda 2018
Costa 2022
Buduneli 2018
Jiang 2020
Ramoa 2017
Yang 2020
Scott 2022
Greer 2011
Duarte 2022

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3
Q

Diabetes

A

There are 2000 positions for 13 tailors working on 18 poles at the opera 22 times in 21 roman villages. 18 songs about 97 gross snails were grazing on 18 rich treats at 91-96 west. The 98 tailors made 22 patties, and all the hats needed for 20 years.

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4
Q

There are 2000 positions for 13 tailors working on 18 poles at the opera 22 times in 21 roman villages. 18 songs about 97 gross snails were grazing on 18 rich treats at 91-96 west. The 98 tailors made 22 patties, and all the hats needed for 20 years.

A

AAP position paper 2000
Taylor 2013
Polak 2018
Chopra 2022
Romano 2021
Sanz 2018
Grossi 1997
Graziani 2018
Emrich 1991
Westfelt 1996
Taylor 1998
Pattayil 2022
Alqahatani 2020

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5
Q

Pregnancy hormones

A

17 ions saw 14 figure skaters doing 20-21 bends. 18 of them dropped into Orlando 22 times, 96 times more often back when Robert deler in 1994.

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6
Q

17 ions saw 14 figure skaters doing 20-21 bends. 18 of them dropped into Orlando 22 times, 96 times more often back when Robert deler in 1994.

A

Ionnidou 2017
Shiau 2014
Figuero 2020
Bendek 2021
Daalderop 2018
Orlandi 2022
Offenbacher 1996
Raber-Durlacher 1994

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7
Q

Leite 2018

A

smoking increases peridoontitis risk by 85%
positive association
review of studies 12 months or longer, but most studies were shorter than 5 years
Did not stratify between light and heavy smokers

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8
Q

Bergstrom 2000

A

assessed professional musicians over 20 years
smokers had more diseased sites
non smokers had less diseased sites
former smokers were inbetween
smokers had significant bone loss, where former smokers and non smokers did not
limited smokers in the sample size

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9
Q

Calsina 2002

A

smokers had a greater likelehood of established periodontal disease, and former smokers were inbetween
1-10 was 2.3X, 11-30 was 4X, 30+ was 12X risk
cross sectional study
population was periodontal private practice patients

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10
Q

Kotsakis 2015

A

smokers had less favorable reaction to surgical therapy
the differences are not clinically relevant
smokers are still candidates for surgical therapy, however they may have diminished results

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11
Q

Chang 2021

A

smokers had less reduction in non-surgical therapy, especially in deeper sites
differences are not clinically significant

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12
Q

Patel 2012

A

smoking had a negative effect on bone regeneration
There was a lot of heterogeneity in the regeneration procedures
smoking was not always the primary focus of the studies

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13
Q

Ravida 2020

A

The wash out period of smoking cessation before periodontal risks reverted to non smoker is 15 years for tooth loss
retrospective study so some bias expected

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14
Q

Alfadda 2018

A

smokers have a higher rate of implant failure
systematic review
failure rate of 8.3% vs 4.3%

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15
Q

Costa 2022

A

peri-implantitis is more frequent in current smokers than non smokers
cumulative smoking exposure and shorter smoking cessation is important
30% rate for smokers vs 19 and 18% for former smokers and non-smokers
cross sectional study
did not evaluate different implant surfaces

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16
Q

Buduneli 2018

A

oxygen tension decreased which could affect vascular responsiveness
vasoconstriction in the arteries is counteracted by increase in BP, so flow is similar
higher number of micro vessels with lower internal circumference in oral tissues

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17
Q

Jiang 2020

A

initial studies found no difference in oral microflora, but more recent studies with 16S sequencing did
More periopathogens were found even in areas with no evidence of disease
more established periopathogens are likely responsible for periodontal disease progression and poorer treatment results

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18
Q

Ramoa 2017

A

waterpipes have similar effect as cigarettes
ecigarettes are very limited studies, and have very heterogenic compounds in them so are challenging to study
different voltages make a very different vapour

19
Q

Yang 2020

A

ecigarettes have some health impact such as oral irritation
weak or moderate evidence of deterioration of periodontal tissues
increase in plaque index

20
Q

Scott 2022

A

There is some evidence of improvement in periodontal parameters from cannabis, such as improvement in inflammasomes and cannabinoid interactions
Still direct toxicity to the cells, and immune alterations
most studies are confounded with cigarette smoking.

21
Q

Greer 2011

A

smokeless tobacco has a limited cancer risk
risk of periodontitis, gingival and alveolar bone damage, delayed wound healing, keratosis

22
Q

Duarte 2022

A

smoking cessation does benefit the outcome of non-surgical therapy, however it takes 15 years to reach the end of the wash out period

23
Q

AAP position paper 2000

A

diabetic patients are more likely to have periodontal disease and bone loss
PMN function is reduced, with reduced chemotaxis, adherence, and phagocytosis
fibroblast proliferation is reduced with less collagen
doxycycline is the preferred abx
long lasting insulin (bovine) vs short acting insulin (human)

24
Q

Taylor 2013

A

IL1beta, TNF alpha, IL6, OPG, RANKL are altered in poor diabetic control
does not seem to alter microbiota
AGEs are inflammatory too, and when bound to RAGE alter phenotype, enhancing oxidative stress

25
Q

Polak 2018

A

periodontitis control can affect HbA1c
uncertain mechanism
treatment does have a limited short term effect

26
Q

Chopra 2022

A

AGE levels in the GCF are higher in individuals with DM and periodontitis compared to healthy controls.
periodontitis itself dose contribute to AGE
cross sectional design study

27
Q

Romano 2021

A

bidirectional evidence of glycemic control and periodontitis.
cross sectional study
data calculated both ways

28
Q

Sanz 2018

A

patients with periodontitis have elevated HbA1c prior to developing diabetes
tehreapy is safe and effective in reducing HbA1c
the difference is mostly gone at 6 months

29
Q

Grossi 1997

A

study showing that periodontal therapy can improve HbA1c.
Very short trial
Doxycycline may be beneficial

30
Q

Graziani 2018

A

AAP-EFP position paper
individuals with periodontitis have poorer glycemic control, and diabetic patients with periodontitis have poorer glycemic control
most evidence for T2DM

31
Q

Emrich 1991

A

Pima Indian cross sectional study
diabetes increases the risk of periodontal disease
severity of periodontal disease is related to T2DM
panoramic images used for study, and % bone loss rather than mm

32
Q

Westfelt 1996

A

very poorly controlled HbA1c initially (10+)
clinical parameters improved in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups

33
Q

Taylor 1998

A

more severe bone loss progression in T2DM patients over 2 years
based off quartile categorization which may be misleading

34
Q

Pattayil 2022

A

the periodontally inflamed surface was correlated with HbA1c level
insulin group had better glycemic control than the diabetic medication group

35
Q

Alqahtani 2020

A

peri-implant parameters were worse among patients with T2DM than without, and that poor glycemic control was a greater risk mediator for implant inflammation than smoking

36
Q

Ionnidou 2017

A

differences between males and females is genetic or hormonal
males are more prone to infection, women to autoimmune
testosterone and progesterone are anti-inflammatory, estrogen pro-inflammatory
women are more likely to be depressed, smoke, diabetes, HTTN, but have better OH
microbiome is different

37
Q

Shiau 2014

A

estrogen deficiency with early menopause associated with rapid bone loss
post-menopausal women on estrogen are half as likely to have periodontal disease then those not on estrogen
Tamoxifen (estrogen blocker) can reduce bone healing and osseointegration

38
Q

Figuero 2020

A

review of periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcoems
unclear if it is a direct pathway of bacteria or inflammatory mediator driven
preterm birth, pre-eclampsea, low birth weight, spontaneous abortion are more likely with periodontal disease

39
Q

Bendek 2021

A

high rate of gingivitis during pregnancy, that can lead to CAL
pregnancy granulomas are prevalent
periodontitis leads to a signfiicant increase in gestational diabetes, which increases T2Dm risk in the future
extracellular vessicles transmit information from the periodontum to the placenta

40
Q

Daalderop 2018

A

review of systematic reviews
consistent positive association between periodontal disease and preterm birth, possibly with a dose dependent relationship
inconsistency in definitions between reviews

41
Q

Orlandi 2022

A

periodontal therapy improved many health parameters, reduced pro-inflammatory mediators
There did seem to he an effect on preterm deliveries
data was very homogenous

42
Q

Offenbacher 1996

A

mothers who had preterm birth, preeclampsia, low birth weight had significantly more periodontitis than matched controls
unclear what the periodontal status was throughout pregnancy or prior to. no inflammatory information

43
Q

Raber-Durlacher 1994

A

during pregnancy experimentally created gingivitis persisted much longer than post partum in the same patients
this suggests hormones play a signifciant role, not just bacteria

Lit review exam 4 (1 decks)

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