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Photography > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

3 elements of exposure

A

Shutter speed, aperture, ISO

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2
Q

What is a stop?

A

The term for a camera change that doubles or halves the light

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3
Q

What is noise?

A

An image problem resulting from high ISO

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4
Q

What is 18% grey?

A

The tone that centre-weighted light meters average light to

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5
Q

What is reciprocity?

A

Multiple settings providing the same exposure value

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6
Q

What is my camera’s X-Sync speed?

A

1/250 of a second

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7
Q

What is a guide number?

A

A measurement of flash output

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8
Q

What is dragging the shutter?

A

A technique for using a slow shutter with flash

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9
Q

What is off-camera or oblique flash?

A

The flash method used to bring out surface detail

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10
Q

What is inverse square law?

A

The rule that describes how flash light falls off over distance

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11
Q

What is the rule of thumb for minimum shutter speeds for handheld photos?

A

The reciprocal of the focal length of the lens

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12
Q

What is exposure compensation?

A

The tool for adjusting exposure or flash to suit an individual scene

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13
Q

What is a normal 50 mm lens?

A

A lens that gives perspective similar to the human eye

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14
Q

What is evaluative metering?

A

Canon metering system that uses an algorithm to determine exposure

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15
Q

What is the aperture that gives the shallowest depth of field on your macro lens?

A

2.8

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16
Q

What is the preferred f-stop for taking photos of fingerprints with the 100 mm macro?

A

f/11

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17
Q

What is the hyperfocal distance?

A

The distance that you would focus to obtain maximum depth of field

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18
Q

What are the 3 factors that affect depth of field?

A

Distance, f-stop, and focal length

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19
Q

What are circles of confusion or blur circles?

A

A lens creates these geometric shapes in images that affect apparent sharpness

20
Q

What is the type of file format that provides a “digital negative”?

A

RAW

21
Q

What is a “working copy”?

A

Forensic image enhancement must only be applied to this copy of a file

22
Q

What is JPEG?

A

The file format that continually compressed files every time it is resaved

23
Q

What is TIFF?

A

The common file format considered “lossless” compression

24
Q

JPEG is classed as what type of compression format?

A

Lossy

25
Q

When should scale be included?

A

With any photo that may be used for comparison with a known source

26
Q

What is “filling the frame”?

A

A strategy for maximizing use of the surface area of the image sensor in close-up photos

27
Q

What lens to subject angle should be used to minimize distortion?

A

90 degrees, perpendicular to the subject

28
Q

What does SWGIT stand for?

A

Scientific Working Group on Imaging Technology

29
Q

What is SWGIT used for?

A

Forensic photographer follow the standards set by this group

30
Q

What type of lens should be used whenever you are attempting to minimize distortion?

A

A “normal” lens

31
Q

What is the f-stop that your flash must put out to achieve f11 at life size on your macro lens?

A

f22

32
Q

What are the 3 elements of the exposure triangle?

A

Aperture (Av), shutter speed (Tv), ISO

33
Q

What does Av mean?

A

Aperture

34
Q

What does Tv mean?

A

Shutter speed

35
Q

What does ISO refer to?

A

Sensor sensitivity

36
Q

Depth of Field

A

Distance between nearest and furthest objects that are in focus in the camera

37
Q

3 elements of depth of field

A

Aperture/f stop, lens distance to subject, focal length of lens

38
Q

Aperture and depth of field

A

Large f stop (f2.8) gives shallow depth of field
Small f stop (f16) gives large depth of field

39
Q

Distance and depth of field

A

Closer to subject gives shallower depth of field

40
Q

Focal length and depth of field

A

Wider focal length has greater depth of field

41
Q

Macro/Bellows 1:1

A

Requires 2 stops of additional light

42
Q

Macro/Bellows 1:2

A

Requires 1 stop pf additional light

43
Q

How to calculate guide number

A

GN = f stop x distance

44
Q

X-sync speed

A

Fastest speed that allows flash units to synchronize with the shutter so that flash only fires when shutter is open

45
Q

X-sync speed for our camera

A

1/250

Photography (2 decks)

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