Exam 12 Flashcards
Cyanosis describes the bluish coloration of skin not receiving sufficient blood flow. Therefore, a cyanotic individual need to be treated quickyl because she is most likely experiencing _____
Ischemic hypoxia
Which is NOT typically a component of the filtrate?
As a protein, fibronogen is not a component of the filtrate
While within the Loop of Henle and flowing away from the renal pelvis, the filtrate becomes more ____. Then, while flowing toward the renal pelvis, the filtrate becomes more ___.
Dilute, concentrated
Which is a correct, but not necessarily adjacent, sequence for urine exiting the body?
Nephron–renal pelvis—ureter—bladder—urethra
Kidneys typically remove _____ from the blood, do ______ during fasting, help create _____ for ___ regulation, and produce ____ to aid the regulation of sodium levels
Foreign chemicals/toxins, gluconeogenesis, 1,23-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium, renin
When compared to the filtrate’s osmolarity when exiting the proximal convoluted tubule, the osmolarity of the filtrate at the top of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle is ____
More dilute
On a Colorado trip, your friend thought her extreme fatigue, among other symptoms, was due to ___ hypoxia (aka latitude sickness). However, her symptoms continued after returning to Columbu. her doctor discovered she has a rare viral infection impacting her red blood cells causing her to have ___ hypoxia.
Hypoxic, anemic
Because of a broken bone in his foot, a runner cannot do any running and does not change his diet. His evaporative water loss would ___, his urine output would _____, and his metabolic water would ____
Decrease, increase, decrease
In a typical individual under usual conditions, the smallest source of water is __ while the largest loss of sodium is ___
Metabolic, urination
Someone experiencing hypoventilation will have a/an ___ in the blood pH and a/an __ in hemoglobin’s affinity to oxygen.
Decrease, decrease
Wimpy the wolverine unsuccessfully tried to keep up with Carmen during his morning run. Around the halfway point, Wimpy vomited because he need to ___ his blood pH because he was not ____ his ventilation rate sufficiently
Increase, Increasing
They are likely experiencing _______ by the end of the dive, before diving, they would benefit from _____ , and they would have a lower than average ____ at the end of the dive
Respiratory acidosis, hyperventilating, venous reserve
A person was diagnosed as being anemic. Her ____ would be ______ even though her tissues are receiving less oxygen and she will also be diagnosed as being _____
Breathing rate, unchanged, hypoxic
When the chemoreceptors detect an increase in CO2, the ventilation rate will _____ and the pulmonary stretch receptors are _____
Increase, not always successful at protecting the lungs
After quickly downing a 64oz coke you realize that you need to empty your bladder. Based on that activity, urination may not happen after ______ and the external urethral sphincter is stimulated by a _____
The parasympathetic nervous system contracts the bladder, somatic efferent neuron
