exam Flashcards
what is the role of the end user?
to provide relevant and useful information and to give feedback on all work in regards to the production.
what is the role of the designer?
is to find out relevant information relating to the endusers need, problem or want and develop creative solutions
name the four stages in there product design process
investigating and defining
design and development
planning and production
evaluation
what are the 4 steps in. the investigating and designing stage of the product design process
identifying the end user
the design brief
evaluation criteria
research
what is the design brief
is a statement outlining the constraints and considerations, while highlighting all the product design factors.
what is market research
gathering and analysing data about specific markets and consumers.
what are constraints and considerations
constraints are the clarification on the requirements that cannot be changed and the product must for fill and the considerations are the aspects which need to be considered and researched.
what are the 3 steps in designing and development stage of the product design process
visualisations
design options
working drawings
what are visualisations
are quick concept sketches of the final product. this will allow the designer to refine all the ideas for the final product
what are design options
a series of designs which solve problems and provide solutions while also considering all the factors in the design brief
what are working drawings
are technical drawings which in crude information such as measurements, materials and textures
what are the 2 steps in planning and production stage of the product design process
scheduled production p[lan
production
what is the production
the physical manufacturing of the product from the design
what is a care label
a table that comes with the product instructing how the product will look - highlighting product features and how to maintain for longer life
name all the 9 product design factors
purpose function context user centred design innovations and creativity visual tactile and aesthetic sustainability economics legal responsibilities materials technologies
what is market research
research focusing on the need or desires of end users and consumers. things such as age, social and economics status, interests, aesthetics etc
what is marketing
marketing is the action undertaken to promote or sell a product t through things like advertising
what is research and development
R&D
research and development is scientific and technical research carried out bu scientists or engineers on materials, use of chemicals, functions of the product ect
forms of research and development
trying alternative materials
trying new sustainable masterials
trialing new equipment
purchasing samples and testing and analysing how they function or perform
why do companies invest in R&D (research and development)
when investing in R&D this invests into the future of new and emerging materials / products saving time and money
what are the three pillars of sustainability
social
economical
environmental
what are the 5 steps in product lifecycle
materials sourcing production distribution and transportation product use disposal / end of life
what are parameters
the categories or topics that make up a product design factor
define sustainability
development or production that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations
list all 4 of the sustainability frameworks
LCA - life cycle analysis
C2C - cradle to cradle
DFD - design for disassembly
EPR - extended producer responsibility
what is LCA
an assessment of the whole products lifecycle and its cost / impact it has on the environment
this is from the raw materials to the disposal with the analysis of the inputs and outputs
what is C2C
a recycling plan for the end of the products life. this is the alternative use of the product in another life after the life of the product is disposed. an empress on recycling
what is DFD
the entire product and all its components are designed to come apart for different recycling or uses. minimal materials used, easy separation or building, aims for easy repair
what is EPR
aims to reduce the amount of waste from consumer goods which is made to last for a small amount of time such as phones, cheap or low quality products where as ERP is high quality products such as washing machines, mattresses, microwaves etc which all last long periods of time
what is obsolesce
obsolesce is when a product becomes no longer useful or out of date or is replaced by a newer and better product
what are the types of obsolesce
functional
technical
style
what is functional obsolesce
manufacturers choose
lower-quality materials and processes knowing the
product will be less durable - likely cost
what is technical obsolesce
a new technology or
design feature/function is developed.
what is style obsolesce
changing nature of trends
and fashions, including appearance and style.
when does research and development (R&D) happen
research and development happens when the company is bringing out a new or their first product to design and develop a unique product that is not copyrighted
what are {the} new and emerging technologies
CAD computer aided design CNC computer numerical control Robotics laser cut technology CAM computer aided manufacture
what is lean manufacturing
is a systematic method of waste minimisation within a manufacturing production system without sacrificing productivity. it takes into account the waste created throughout the production and aims to reduce waste
list manufacturing systems
one off
low volume
hight volume - mass produced
continuous production
purpose function context parameters
need for the product, performance, reliability and quality
user centred design parameters
all considerations on personal attributes such as cultural, social and economic status, religion age, needs etc
innovation and creativity parameters
creative, developing new and improved solutions
visual tactile and aesthetic parameters
elements and principals, look / style, appearance physically
sustainability parameters
the three pillars of sustainability - social, economical and environmental, carbon footprint, renewable energy sources
economics parameters
materials, labour, use of machinery, time management material availability
legal responsibilities parameters
safety - OHS, intellectual property, standards
materials parameters
strength, durability, resistance, hardness, density, flexibility, compatibility
technologies parameters
techniques used in production - availability of the tools / equipment or machinery
what are some creative thinking techniques
Mind map, Brainstorm, (Research), Moodboard, Visualisations
what are some critical thinking techniques
Evaluation criteria, (Research), material testing, decision matrices,
what is the difference between critical and creative thinking
creative thinking is expanding on what the product could be and critical thinking is refining those ideas into the product
examples of R&D
- Research into appropriate/ new materials and finishes and their suitability
- Research into manufacturing methods
- Developing new materials or processes
- Research into developing new materials and processes
- Developing new technologies (electronic/ computers/ leds)
examples of market research
- Analyse sales and returns of the product
- Conduct surveys to determine what the potential end users need
- Go to trade shows to determine what products and materials are most popular
name all the 5 . 6 steps product developments
Identifying a need and defining the product concept Product design, Production and Distribution Retain and Consumer Use Product Evaluation and Modification
RESEARCH (goes into all steps)
people involved in Identifying a need and defining the product concept (New or improved version)
Managing directors, Market researchers, Shareholders
people involved in Product design, planning and prototype
Engineers, market researchers, designers, financial advisor
people involved in Production and Distribution
store owners, distribution staff, manufacturing staff, machine maintenance
people involved in Retain and Consumer Use
market researchers - evaluate product returns, end users
people involved in Product Evaluation and Modification
Market Researchers, Financial Staff, Manufacturers
people involved in research
Scientists, Engineers, Market Researchers
what is certification?
both international and australian standards which are used to test weather the product performs to the intended primary function
eg: good environmental care australia
what is ISO
International standard of organisation
define attribute
a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic of a product
what is expert appraisal
is the process in which a product is chosen in comparison with expert knowledge
