Exam 1 / Week 3 Nutritional, Family, Cultural & Community Assessment Flashcards
Name the two components of the Nutritional Assessment.
- Interview (possibly part of the social history?)
2. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight & BMI)
Why explore the topic of nutrition?
· Provides insight into pt’s overall physical health, identify risk factors for obesity and promote health. Or help identify nutritional deficits.
· Measurements and interview evaluate pt’s growth, development and nutritional status
· The nutritionist is a great resource to utilize
What information concerning diet should be obtained?
· Which type of food and fluids are consumed, quantity , when and where food is eaten and any conditions that effect intake and absorption.
· 24 hour recall (what did you eat today? last night?
· USDA food pyramid
List some questions you can ask to learn about your pt’s diet.
# of meals # of meals away from home # of times meat/fish/poultry is eaten # of pieces of fruit/desserts are eaten # of drinks; what type of drinks
List warning signs of poor nutritional health.
- illness or condition that makes a pt change the kind & amount of food eaten
- fewer than 2 meals a day
- few fruits, vegetables, milk products
- 3 or more drinks of EtOH
- tooth/mouth problems
- poor community that they live in
- eats alone/unable to cook, shop or feed self
What are objective signs of malnutrition?
· When people are malnourished the body’s protein stores are affected; lab tests might reveal high albumen levels
· Physical signs of malnutrition; withdrawn, overweight or underweight, wasted appearance, diminished reflexes
· Skin dull, dry, bruised
· Hair dull, brittle
In what situations are pts at risk fro dehydration?
hyperthermia, on diuretics, alcohol intake
What is BMI?
an anthropometric measurement; Body Mass Index
What information is used to calculate and interpret BMI?
· Height and weight
· Body composition measurements such as waist circumference (Women with at 35” or higher and men at 40” or higher are at increased risks such as DM, HTN, CV disease
· Waist hip ratio (Abdominal obesity is defined as waist-hip ratio above 0.85 for females and 0.90 for males.)
Give the scale used to classify BMI results.
▫ 18.5 and below is underweight
▫ 18.5-24.9 is healthy weight
▫ 25-29.9 is overweight
▫ 30 and above is obese
Here is an example of how to document information related to your pt’s physic»_space;>
Well-developed male, build for age with even distributed of fat and firm muscles. Height: 5 feet, 5 inches (165 cm) ; weight: 128 lb ( 58 kg); BMI: 21.3; ideal body weight: 125; waist circumference 30 inches. Waist hip ratio : .85.
Define culture.
A shared system of values, beliefs, and learned patterns of behavior. So culture is learned, shared, associated with adaption to the environment , and it is universal.
Define ethnicity.
Subgroups that have common history, ancestry, or other cultural identity and may relate to geographical origin such as southerners
Define race.
primary categories in US as determined by US census bureau are; American Indian, Alaska native, Asian American, African American or black, native Hawaiian/pacific islander and white
Define minority.
refers to group that has lesser power and prestige in a society, but actually means a group of smaller population numbers. In the next 30-40 years the majority will change from white to Hispanic.
