Exam 1 Vocab

Question 1

What are the 5 steps in a Statistical Process?

Answer 1

Design the study, collect data, describe the data, make inferences, and take action.

Question 2

Design the study

Answer 2

State a research question, what needs to be done to answer the research question. What is the population? What kind of data needs to be collected?

Question 3

Collect Data

Answer 3

How is the sample collected, and going out to actually obtain the data?

Question 4

Describe the Data

Answer 4

Creating graphs or calculating statistics to help visualize and describe the data.

Question 5

Make Inferences

Answer 5

Using the information contained in a sample to draw conclusions about a population.

Question 6

Take Action

Answer 6

• Determine which action to take based on the results of the study.

Question 7

Simple Random Sampling (SRS)

Answer 7

Best method, computer generated, draw from a hat. =RANDBETWEEN(1,2000)

Question 8

Systematic Sampling

Answer 8

subjects are in “some” sequential order. Randomly select one subject (to start sampling) then ask every Kth subject

Question 9

Cluster Sample

Answer 9

subjects are put into groups that hopefully represent the population. Randomly select one or more group and sample everyone in that group heterogeneous.

Question 10

Stratified Sample

Answer 10

Subjects are in groups according to similar characteristics specifically take a sample from each group (Homogeneous)

Question 11

Experiment

Answer 11

researchers control the conditions under which measurements are made.

Question 12

Observational study

Answer 12

researchers simply observe what happens without controlling the conditions under which measurements are made.

Question 13

Treatment

Answer 13

The new or experimental condition that is imposed on the subjects

Question 14

Response Variable

Answer 14

The variable that changes or responds to the treatment

Question 15

Subjects

Answer 15

Participants in a study

Question 16

Null Hypothesis

Answer 16

H0 is the foundational assumption about the population, the Status quo

Question 17

Alternative hypothesis

Answer 17

The statement that is true if the null hypothesis is rejected.

Question 18

P- value

Answer 18

The probability that a result will be observed that is as extreme or more extreme than the information observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.