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Developmental psych > Exam 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Exam 1 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

both improvements and declines throughout lifespan

A

multidirectional development

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2
Q

capacity for change

A

plasticity

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3
Q

study of development that involves multiple fields

A

multidisciplinary

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4
Q

period from conception to birth

A

prenatal

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5
Q

period from birth to 18-24 months

A

infancy

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6
Q

period from 3 to 5 years

A

early childhood

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7
Q

period from 6 to 10-11 years

A

middle and late childhood

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8
Q

period from 10-12 to 18-21 years

A

adolescence

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9
Q

period in 20s and 30s

A

early adulthood

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10
Q

period in 40s and 50s

A

middle adulthood

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11
Q

period in 60s to 70s to death

A

late adulthood

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12
Q

four different aspects to measure age

A

chronological, biological, psychological, and social

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13
Q

stage theory where individual is faced with challenges

A

erikson’s theory

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14
Q

stage theory where we organize and group information to adapt to future events (4 stages)

A

piaget’s theory

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15
Q

theory where learning is a reciprocal relationship between caregiver and child, including ZPD

A

vygotsky’s theory

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16
Q

theory that states behavior is repeated based on consequences

A

skinner’s theory of operant conditioning

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17
Q

theory that states learning can be done by observation of others’ behavior

A

bandura’s theory

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18
Q

theory that states development is the combination of many factors represented by an ecological sphere

A

bronfrenbrenner’s theory

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19
Q

area of inexperience that allows for growth with scaffolding

A

zone of proximal development

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20
Q

different groups studied at the same time

A

cross-sectional design

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21
Q

same group studied at different time

A

longitudinal design

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22
Q

combination of longitudinal and cross-sectional design

A

sequential design

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23
Q

conditions not specifically related to genes but have impact

A

passive gene-environment correlation

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24
Q

environments that come to us based on genetic dispositions

A

evocative gene-environment correlation

25
Q

environments that we intentionally seek based on genetic dispositions

A

active gene-environment correlation

26
Q

times of three trimesters

A

1: 0-12 weeks
2: 12-25 weeks
3: 25-38 weeks

27
Q

prenatal period from 0-8 weeks

A

embryonic period

28
Q

prenatal period from 8-38 weeks

A

fetal period

29
Q

prenatal diagnostic testing used in standard development

A

ultrasound sonography, maternal blood screening, noninvasive prenatal diagnosis

30
Q

prenatal diagnostic testing used in abnormal development

A

chorionic villi sampling, amniocentesis, fetal MRI

31
Q

5 metrics of APGAR scale

A

heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, skin color, reflex irratability

32
Q

low birth weight for normal term pregnancy

A

small for gestational age

33
Q

low birth weight due to being born preterm

A

premature

34
Q

skin to skin contact with baby after birth

A

kangaroo care

35
Q

pattern of growth from head to feet

A

cephalocaudal

36
Q

pattern of growth from inside out

A

proximodistal

37
Q

creation of neurons

A

neurogenesis

38
Q

process of dendrites extending and seeking signals

A

arborization

39
Q

creation of a synapse

A

synaptogenesis

40
Q

disconnection of a neural connection so that it may be rewired for a more efficient and useful connection

A

synaptic pruning

41
Q

natural decline brought about by increasing age

A

primary aging (senescence)

42
Q

decline brought about by lifestyle choices

A

secondary aging

43
Q

muscle mass decline

A

sarcopenia

44
Q

reflex from 4 to 6 months, becomes voluntary

A

sucking

45
Q

reflex from birth to 3 weeks, becomes voluntary

A

rooting

46
Q

reflex from birth to 4 months, related to reaching

A

tonic neck

47
Q

reflex from birth to 6 months, related to clinging

A

moro

48
Q

reflex from birth to 3-4 months, becomes voluntary

A

palmar grasp

49
Q

reflex from birth to 8-12 months, becomes voluntary

A

babinski/plantar

50
Q

reflex from birth to 2 months

A

stepping

51
Q

opportunities for the interaction offered by objects that fit within our capabilities to perform actions

A

affordances

52
Q

the processing of basic information from the external world by the sensory receptors in sense organs and brain

A

sensation

53
Q

the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information about the objects, events, and spatial layout of the world around us

A

perception

54
Q

familiarization to a certain stimulus or stimuli until a criterion is reached

A

habituation

55
Q

concurrent, spatially co-located perception of the same information across two or more sensory systems

A

intersensory redundancy hypothesis

56
Q

can be observed by more than one sense

A

amodal

57
Q

thickening of the lens of the eye, causing cloudy vision

A

cataracts

58
Q

damage to the optic nerve due to pressure buildup in the eye, causing damage from outside in

A

glaucoma

59
Q

deterioration of the macula of the retina, causing visual damage from inside out

A

macular degredation

Developmental psych (2 decks)

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