Exam 1 vocab

Question 1

Vascular plants

Answer 1

tubes to transport water and food

Question 2

Gymnosperms

Answer 2

cone-bearing plants that bear naked seeds

Question 3

Angiosperms

Answer 3

Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, key botanical innovations, ovaries and flowers

Question 4

monocot

Answer 4

one cotyledon, fibrous roots, orchids, grasses

Question 5

dicot

Answer 5

two cotyledon, tap roots, radish, beets

Question 6

cell

Answer 6

smallest living organism

Question 7

cotyledon

Answer 7

a seed leaf, or embryonic leaf, that is a key part of a plant’s seed embryo, food storage, photosynthesis

Question 8

eukaryotic cell

Answer 8

organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes

Question 9

membrane

Answer 9

a thin, flexible layer or sheet that acts as a barrier, allowing some things to pass through while blocking others

Question 10

chromosomes

Answer 10

complex structures made of DNA and proteins that contain the genetic information for plant life

Question 11

nucleas

Answer 11

the membrane-bound organelle within a plant cell that contains the majority of the cell’s genetic material (DNA)

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

Found in the nucleus, while smaller amounts reside in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. Needed for growth, photosynthesis, and reporduction

Question 13

Organelles

Answer 13

stores genetic information

Question 14

mitochondria

Answer 14

produce energy through cellular respiration, converts energy into sugar

Question 15

chloroplasts

Answer 15

cell wall, photosynthesis happens here, Organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll

Question 16

cell wall

Answer 16

a structural layer that surrounds some types of cells, providing support, protection, and shape

Question 17

cellulose

Answer 17

a complex carbohydrate that acts as the primary structural component of plant cell walls, made up of glucose, natural polymer made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms that is used in many products

Question 18

fiber

Answer 18

Fiber crops are field crops grown for their fibers, which are traditionally used to make paper, cloth, or rope, large amount of cellulose

Question 19

vacuole

Answer 19

a part of the plant cell, water, sugar, acid, secondary metabolites, within the cytoplasm

Question 20

plant vs animal cell

Answer 20

plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, which animal cells lack

Question 21

endosymbiotic theory

Answer 21

some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes