Exam 1 toxicity Flashcards
Bitter almond odor
Cyanide
Garlic odor
Organophosphates, arsenic
Fruity odor
DKA, isopropyl alcohol
Majority of poisoning are ______ but the majority of deaths secondary to poisoning are ______
Unintentional, intentional
1 drug used for intentional overdose
Acetaminophen
Most commonly reported poison
Analgesics (acetaminophen)
Least commonly reported
Alcohol
What is least associated with death?
Hydrocarbons
Which methylxanthine is most toxic?
Theophylline
Acetaminophen antidote
NAC
Benzo antidote
Flumazenil
Carbamate insecticides antidote
Atropine
Lead antidote
EDTA
Opioids antidote
Naloxone
Organophosphate antidote
Atropine and pralidoxime
What is the dose-response curve
Drug response is proportional to dose
When maximal drug response is reached it is known as the?
Ceiling effect
What is the dose necessary to produce half the max response?
ED50; used to compare potency of drugs
What is the smallest amount of a drug that will produce a therapeutic effect?
Minimal dose
What is the initial high dose used to quickly evaluate blood levels of drug?
Loading dose
What is the largest amount of a drug that will produce desired effect without producing sx of toxicity
Maximum dose
What is the dose that is customarily given to produce desired effect?
Therapeutic dose
