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NMS I- KMH > Exam 1: The history > Flashcards

Exam 1: The history Flashcards

1
Q

Sharp pain on motion is associated with what structure?

A

joint

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2
Q

Constant symptoms is associated with what structure?

A

Joint or nerve

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3
Q

Burning and/or hot feeling is associated with what structure?

A

nerve

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4
Q

Sharp pain not on motion is associated with what structure?

A

nerve

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5
Q

Stabbing or lightening like pain is associated with what structure?

A

nerve

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6
Q

Tingling and/or numbness is associated with what structure?

A

nerve

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7
Q

cramping/knot or spasm is associated with what structure?

A

muscle (bag of worms)

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8
Q

dull ache is associated with what structure?

A

muscle (bag of worms)

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9
Q

Radiating dull or deep ache is associated with what structure?

A

referred pain: sclerotogenous pain

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10
Q

deep burning or dull pain is associated with what structure?

A

bone/ligament

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11
Q

pinpoint pain over paraspinal tissue is associated with what structure?

A

myofascial trigger point

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12
Q

crawling sensation (formication) is associated with what structure?

A

vascular

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13
Q

well localized pain is associated with what structure?

A

peripheral

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14
Q

diffuse pain is associated with what structure?

A

central

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15
Q

What does intermittent mean?

A

less than 25% of the time when awake

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16
Q

What does occasional mean?

A

between 25 and 50% of time when awake

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17
Q

What does frequent mean?

A

between 50 and 75% of the time when awake

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18
Q

What does constant mean?

A

between 75 and 100% of the time when awake

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19
Q

What type of pain is radiating, sharp, stabbing and well demarcated and attributed to a particular nerve root level?

A

Dermatome pain

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20
Q

What type of pain is pain referral within muscular or fascial tissue?

A

myotogenous pain

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21
Q

What type of pain is dull, achy,difficult to pinpoint, and referred from somatic structure such as cartilage, ligament, joint capsule or bone?

A

Scleratogenous pai

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22
Q

What are the parts of the mini mental status exam?

A

-Orientation
-registration (name 3 objects)
-Attentiona and calculations
_recall (name the object)
-language

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23
Q

What does a person without demential usual score?

A

24-30

20 or below signifies disease

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24
Q

Does passive or active ROM test for end feel?

A

passive

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25
Q

What is the method where the doctor utilizes enough weight to overpower the patient’s muscle, allowing the doctor to compare on side of the body to another and noting weakness from side to side?

A

Break method

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26
Q

What grade of muscle strength is no muscle contraction?

A

0

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27
Q

What grade of muscle strength is a trace of contraction, 0-10% of normal movement, and cannot overcome gravity?

A

1

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28
Q

What grade of muscle strength is movement without gravity , 11-25% of normal movement, and cannot overcome gravity?

A

2

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29
Q

What grade of muscle strength is movement against gravity, 26-50% of normal movement, and is able to overcome gravity?

A

3

30
Q

What grade of muscle strength is movement against gravity plus variable resistance, 52-75% of normal movement?

A

4

31
Q

what grade of muscle strength is against gravity plus maximum resistance, 76-100% of normal movement?

A

5

32
Q

What degree of ligament sprain is minimal extent of failure, no laxity on stress, <1/3 fibers torn, and possible slight reduced strength?

A

First degree

33
Q

What degree of ligament sprain is a partial failure, mild to moderate laxity, >1/3 but less than 2/3 fibers torn, and decrease in strength?

A

second degree

34
Q

What degrees of ligament sprain is complete failure, > than 2/3 fibers torn, and little to no residual strength?

A

third degree

35
Q

NMS tests are positive when the tests causes symptoms to not increase or decrease as expected. T/F

A

False: increase or decrease as expected

36
Q

If orthopedic testing causes different pain or sypmtology other than what was expected it may still be significant, but the result is not positive. T/F

A

True

37
Q

Plain X-rays are recommended for routine evaluation of patients with acute low back pain problems within the first month of symptoms. T/F

A

False–only done unless a red flag is noted on clinical examination

38
Q

What is a method of x-ray that examines a single layer of tissue and blurs the tissue above and below the tissue being examined by moving the x-ray tube in one direction while the film is moved in the other direction?

A

Tomography

39
Q

what is Discography?

A

injection of a water soluble imaging material directly into the nucleus pulpous of the disc.

40
Q

Discography is invasive, is not recommended for assessing patients with LBP. T/F

A

True

41
Q

CT discography is recommended for patients with suspected nerve root compression due to lumbar disc herniation. T/F

A

False

No recommended over other imaging studies

42
Q

What are the 2 diagnostic objectives for discography?

A
  1. evaluate radiographic leak to the extent of disc damage

2. to characterize pain response on disc injection to see if it compares to typical pain of patient

43
Q

What are the components of a case history??

A

Chief Complaint
Comprehensive history
Review of systems

44
Q

What is a CT?

A

uses x-rays similar to conventional X-rays but with a special machine that has scanner systems and uses a computer

45
Q

What is x-ray helpful for?

A

-fx and integrity of joint space

46
Q

What is MRI helpful for?

A

disc herniation and meniscus views

47
Q

What is CT helpful for?

A

canal stenosis and metastatic bone disease

48
Q

What is EMG/NCV helpful for?

A

peripheral nerve compressions and conductivity of nerve from stimulus to muscle

49
Q

What is a bone scan helpful for?

A

infection and metastatic bone disease

50
Q

What s an EEG good for?

A

brain waves and organic disease of brain

51
Q

What is an EKG good for?

A

electrical activity of the hear and rate/rhythm of electrical impulses of the heart

52
Q

What is angiography good for?

A

intracranial aneurysm and vascular disorders and tumors

53
Q

What is an MRA good for?

A

integrity of blood vessels to end organ and aneurysm

54
Q

How much of bone must be destroyed before you can see it on an x0ray?

A

25-30%

55
Q

What does unilateral radiating pain that follows a dermatome indicate?

A

nerve root irritation/compression

56
Q

What does unilateral radiating pain that follows a multi-dermatomal pattern indicate?

A

peripheral N issues

57
Q

What does bilateral radiating pain that involves the upper extremities only indicate?

A

Cervical myelopathy C6-T2

58
Q

What does bilateral radiating pain that involves the upper and lower extremities indicate?

A

spinal cord lesion of C5 and up

59
Q

What does bilateral radiating pain that involves lower extremities indicate?

A

lumbar spinal cord lesion or canal stenosis

60
Q

What is an x-ray taken of after the introduction of radio opaque substance into the spinal subarachnoid space?

A

myelography

61
Q

What is a radiographic record after introduction of opaque contrast material into joint?

A

arthrogram

62
Q

What is a type of radionuclide imaging that involves IV injection of readioactive compounds known to adhere to metabolically active bone?

A

Bone scan

63
Q

What is a diagnostic technique which involves the use of an ultrasound generator which involves the use of an ultrasound generator and receiver that displays echoes on an oscilloscope?

A

ultrasound

64
Q

What is the stud of electrical activity arising from muscles and associated with muscle activity.

A

EMG

65
Q

What is a myelopathy?

A

dysfunction of the spinal cord

66
Q

What is a ridiculopathy?

A

Dysfunction of the spinal nerve root

67
Q

What is a neuropathy?

A

dysfunction of a peripheral nerve root

68
Q

what is a myopathy?

A

muscle abnormalities

69
Q

What may be useful in assessing suspected spinal stenosis and spinal cord myelopathy?

A

Sensory provoked potential

70
Q

Primary evoked potential is specific in location and is noted where pathways from a particular sense organ start. T/F

A

False.

-Where they end

71
Q

What is the study of the electrical activity in the brain?

A

Electroencephlagraphy (EEG)

NMS I- KMH (7 decks)

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