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HIS102 > Exam 1 terms > Flashcards

Exam 1 terms Flashcards

1
Q

The declaration of rights of man citizen

A
  • new constitution drafted
  • proclaiming liberty, freedom, and natural rights
  • women were not included
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2
Q

The treaty of Utrecht

A

a peace agreement signed in 1713 between England and France to end a war that began in Europe in 1701. allowed Philip V to keep the Spanish throne

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3
Q

Montesquieu

A
  • espoused separation of powers, no one part of government completely in control (checks and balances)
  • believed in equality of the sexes but had a traditional view of family and marriage
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4
Q

Adam Smith

A

An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations(1776), the first comprehensive system of political economy—which included Smith’s description of a system of market-determined wages and free rather than government-constrained enterprise

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5
Q

Storming of the bastille

A
  • large crowds against Louis XVI go to Bastille
  • 98 parisians, several troops and the govenmer of the Bastille are killed
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6
Q

Assembly of notibles

A
  • Callone wanted to introduce a new land tax that all landowners regardless fo class woul have to pay
    • called together an “assembly of Notables” to assist in his plans
      • aristocracy refused his plans
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7
Q

Thermidorian reaction

A
  • revolt against Committee of Public safety on July 24, 1794
  • committee of public safety diminished
  • Many jacobins leader executed
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8
Q

The old regime

A
  • The patterns of social, politcal, and economic relationships in France before 1789; broadly, the life and institutions of pre-revolutionary Europe
  • traditional
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9
Q

The glorious revolution

A
  • After James II repeals the Test Act, and puts Catholics in positions of power, Parliament is afraid of a Catholics Heir to the throne and invites William of Orange to Invade England
  • William and Mary succeed to the throne in the bloodless Glorious Revolutio
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10
Q

Parliamentary Monarchy

A
  • Political absolutism (which country represented what?)
    • England - Parliamentary Monarchy:
    • France - Political absolutism
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11
Q

Peter the great

A
  • publicly executed rebellious streltsy and repressed and humiliated the boyars
  • wanted to increase Russia’s military power
  • St Petersburg
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12
Q

The seven years war

A

TheFrench and Indian Warwasthe North American conflict in a larger imperial war between Great Britain and France

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13
Q

The Jacobins

A
  • radical group met to discuss the perpetuation of the revolution
  • wanted to end the monarchy and extend the revolutio
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14
Q

Declaration of Indulgence

A

In Charles II attempt to unite the people behind a war with Holland, he issues Declaration of Indulgence suspending all laws against Catholics and non-Anglican protestants

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15
Q

Emmanuel Kant

A
  • sought rationalism of enlightenment
  • Humans have a categorical imperative - an innate sense of moral duty or awareness
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16
Q

William the III of orange

A
  • Netherlands became a monarchy under him (1688-1714)
  • Led a coalition against France
  • was replaced with statholder after his death in 1702
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17
Q

The battle of waterloo

A

it concluded a war that had raged for 23 years, ended French attempts to dominate Europe, and destroyed Napoleon’s imperial power forever

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18
Q

The great fear

A
  • Several nobles and clergymen renounce their nobility rights at the national constitution Assembly to quell the riots
  • old regime is officially abolished
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19
Q

Copernicus

A
  • polish priest and astronomer
  • believed in heliocentric over geocentric (sun in the middle)
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20
Q

Mary Wollstonecraft

A

Defended the equality of women based on human reason

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20
Q

Colonies reform plan

A

a plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government.

21
Q

Tennis court Oath

A

The National assembyl gathers in an indoor tennis court to draft a new constitution

22
Q

Treaty of Tilsit

A

prussia and russia make peace with Napoleon and become allies

23
Q

Marquis de Lafayette

A

served in the National Assembly and drafted the Declaration of the Rights of Man

24
Q

9 years war

A

Louis went to war with the league of Augsburg (England, Spain, Netherlands, and Major Germany states) and ended up having his expansion into Germany prevented

25
Q

Edmund Burke

A

wrote reflections on the revolution in france said the revolution will end in military despotism

26
Q

The war of Spanish succession

A

war over who would succeed Charles II to the throne in Spain ends in a bloody stalemate with France able to keep their choice to the throne, Phillip V, but loses Gibraltar

27
Q

Petition of rights

A
  • King Charles levies tariffs, duties and taxes to fund a new war with Spain
    • Parliament would only give Charles funds if he agreed to the Petition of Right stating that no forced loans or taxations could happen without the consent of parliament
28
Q

Francis Bacon

A

Father of empiricism, scientific experimentation

29
Q

Horatia Nelson

A

commanded the British fleet during the Napoleonic Wars, fighting against the French and Spanish and securing a series of decisive naval victories.

30
Q

The committee of public safety

A
  • carried out the duties of the executive branch in dictorial fashion
    • carried out more executions
31
Q

Toleration act of 1689

A

England becomes a limited Monarchy and permits the worship of all protestants, but not Catholics

32
Q

The Napoleonic code

A
  • imposed his code everywhere he conquered
    • no more feudalism or peasant dues
    • guilds lost all power
    • brought churches under state control
    • further spread nationalism and anti-french nationalism
33
Q

The English game laws

A
  • English landowners had exclusive rights legal rights to hunt game
  • in 1831 the laws were rewritten to permit landowners to allow others to hunt
33
Q

Kepler

A
  • German atronomer
  • Combined Copernican theory and Brahes empirical data to solve the problem of planetary motion
34
Q

Pugachevs Rebellion

A

all of southern Russia; eventually crushed; largest uprising

35
Q

Romanticism

A
  • intellectual movement that was a reaction against the enlightenment
  • urged a revival of christianity
  • focuses on art, music, and literature of medieval times
36
Q

John Wilkes

A

Radical who embarrassed the monarchy on several occasions

37
Q

Industrial Revolution

A
  • introduced economic growth
  • made possible the greatest production of goods and services in history
  • The production of new goods drive customer demand
38
Q

Galileo

A
  • Italian Mathematician and natural philosopher
  • Used the telescope to look into the skies and found heaven was much more complicated and previously understood
  • Copernican advocate
  • sentenced to jail for going against what the bible teaches
38
Q

Declaration of Pillnitz

A

Emperor Leopold II of Austria and King frederick william II of Prussia announce that if another European power joins them they will intervine in France to Protect Monarchy

39
Q

The British Nobility

A

Few legal priveleges, but great political power

40
Q

Voltaire

A

attacked the Catholic Church and advocated freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state.

41
Q

Catherine the Great of Russia

A
  • local control of nobility
  • economic growth
  • territorial expansion
42
Q

Congress of Vienna

A

Quadruple alliance, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia meet at the congress of Vienna to decide new european borders

43
Q

Louis 16th

A

beheaded on January 21, 1793

44
Q

Methodism

A
  • John wesley was the leader
  • revolt against deism and rationalism, stressed inward, heartfelt religion
  • religious development based on feeling
45
Q

Margaret Cavendish

A
  • Observations upon experimental philosophy
  • Grounds of Natural Philosophy
46
Q

Battle of Austerltizj

A
  • the first engagement of the War of the Third Coalition and one of Napoleon’s greatest victories.
  • defeated the Russians and Austrians
47
Q

Tycho Brahe

A

argued that the earth was the stationary center of the universe, with the sun, moon, and stars orbiting the earth, but the other planets orbiting the sun.

HIS102 (1 decks)

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