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Chemistry I lecture > Exam 1: (T1-T6) > Flashcards

Exam 1: (T1-T6) Flashcards

1
Q

All matter is made up of ____

A

Atoms

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2
Q

Matter that only consists of only 1 type of matter

A

Elemental Matter

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3
Q

On the periodic table metals are on the ____ and nonmetals are on the _____.

A

left, right

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4
Q
  • Have a definite shape and volume
    -Particles are tightly packed into an organizational structure called a lattice.
    -Only VIBRATIONAL & cannot pass one another.
A

Solid

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5
Q
  • Have definite volume, but take the shape of the container
    -Tightly packed & can move past one another
  • Particles exhibit VIBRATIONAL, ROTATIONAL, & TRANSLATIONAL motion
A

Liquid

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6
Q
  • Take the shape & volume of a container
  • Particles not organized & are in constant linear motion
    -Particles exhibit VIBRATIONAL, ROTATIONAL & TRANSLATIONAL motion
A

Gas

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7
Q

Protons have a ___ charge

A

+1

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8
Q

Neutrons are ____

A

neutral

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9
Q

Electrons have a ____ charge

A

-1

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10
Q

Mass of an atomic number =_____

A

protons & neutrons

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11
Q

atomic number = ____

A

protons & electrons

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12
Q

A negatively charged ion is called?

A

Anion

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13
Q

A positively charged ion is called a?

A

Cation

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14
Q

Atomic Number =

A

Number of protons

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15
Q

Number of protons =

A

Number of electrons

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16
Q

A variant of an atom of a specific element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

A

Isotope

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17
Q

The places surrounding the nucleus of an atom where the electrons are most likely to be at any given time.

A

Atomic orbital

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18
Q

The atomic orbital comes in four different shapes. What are these shapes?

A

s,p,d,f

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19
Q

g
m
k
h
d
b
d
c
m
m
n

A

giga
mega
kilo
hecto
deka
base
deci
centi
milli
micro
nano

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20
Q

Spherically shaped

A

s orbitals

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21
Q

Dumbbell shaped, 3 types of this orbital

A

p orbitals

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22
Q

complicated clover shape, 5 types of these orbitals

A

d orbitals

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23
Q

Each orbital can hold how many electrons?

A

2 electrons

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24
Q

Any unpaired electrons

A

paramagnetic

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25
Q

Electrons that are paired

A

diamagnetic

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26
Q

made up of 1 type of atom

A

elements

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27
Q

substance made up of different elements joined together by a chemical bond.

A

compounds

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28
Q

two atoms of the same or different elements that are chemically bonded together.

A

Diatomic molecules

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29
Q

What are the 7 diatomic elements?

A

H, N, O, F, CI, Br, I

30
Q

Like changes repel, and unlike changes attract.

A

Coulombs Law

31
Q

Transfer of electrons between the atoms

A

Ionic (metal and non-metal)

32
Q

Sharing of electrons between atoms

A

Covalent (non-metal and non-metal)

33
Q

When atoms gain or lose electrons they form ____ .

34
Q

When atoms lose electrons, they become ______.

35
Q

When atoms gain electrons, they become _________.

36
Q

An atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons resulting in a net positive or negative electrical charge.

37
Q

Composed of 2 and only 2 different types of atoms.

38
Q

Composed of more than 2 types of atoms

A

Not binary

39
Q

mono

41
Q

tri

42
Q

tetra

43
Q

penta

44
Q

hexa

45
Q

hepta

46
Q

octa

47
Q

nona

48
Q

deca

49
Q

Covalently bonded compound composed of non-metals. The whole unit is charged.

A

Polyatomic ion

50
Q

H always forms how many bonds?

A

1 bond and no lone pairs

51
Q

O usually forms how many bonds ?

A

2 bonds (2 lone pairs)

52
Q

N usually forms how many bonds?

A

4 bonds and no lone pairs

53
Q

C always forms how many bonds ?

A

4 bonds and no lone pairs

54
Q

Single bonds are the ____ but the _____.

A

longest, weakest (2 electrons)

55
Q

Triple bonds are the ______ but the _______.

A

Shortest, strongest ( 6 electrons)

56
Q

Electrons are not shared equally between atoms. It creates a slight electrical charge difference across the molecule. (One end negative and the other end positive)

57
Q

Electrons are shared equally between atoms. There is no charge difference across the molecule, so the electrons spread evenly.

58
Q

Atoms cannot be created nor destroyed

A

Mass conservation

59
Q

Energy of motion

A

Kinetic energy

60
Q

Energy of position

A

Potential energy

61
Q

release of heat is known as?

A

Exothermic

62
Q

The surrounding in a chemical reaction, would be considered?

A

Solvent, glassware, air, etc.

63
Q

In a chemical reaction, we will always define the chemicals themselves as the ____?

64
Q

Absorbing heat is known as?

A

Endothermic

65
Q

During an endothermic reaction, the surrounding loses energy making the beaker feel _______.

66
Q

During the exothermic reaction, the surroundings absorb energy and the beaker would be ______.

67
Q

Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic?

     AB + HEAT-----> A + B
A

Endothermic

68
Q

Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic?

  A + B ---> AB + HEAT
A

Exothermic

69
Q

Is an endothermic reaction positive or negative?

70
Q

Is an exothermic reaction positive or negative?

71
Q

Delta H < 0

A

exothermic

72
Q

Delta H > 0

A

endothermic

Chemistry I lecture (2 decks)

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