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COMM 1337 - Intro to Mass Comm > Exam 1 Study Guide (Chapters 1-5) > Flashcards

Exam 1 Study Guide (Chapters 1-5) Flashcards

Review chapters 1-5

1
Q

Which of the following social media traits is NOT shared with earlier, traditional mass media?

A

C.) THEY ENABLE INTERACTIVE DIALOGUE FOR THEIR USERS. **

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2
Q

Media literacy involves all of the following EXCEPT:

A

Appropriately balancing the costs and benefits of various media messages

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3
Q

According to the media research firm Nielsen, ____________ is the top media activity for the majority of Americans.

A

television

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4
Q

Mass media has become so integrated into people’s lives, that ___________ is common.

A

media multitasking

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5
Q

On most days, the most-listened-to item in morning newscasts is _____________?

A

the weather

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6
Q

Newspaper, radio, television, and magazine companies cannot survive unless they ______________?

A

deliver an audience to advertisers.

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7
Q

The type of communication that occurs between two individuals, either by themselves or a small group, is ___________ communication.

A

interpersonal

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8
Q

An executive participating in a business meeting is engaged in ____________ communication.

A

group

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9
Q

In order for something to be categorized as group communication, the audience must ______________.

A

be more than one person and all be within earshot.

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10
Q

Unlike production for industrial media, the production of content for social media ____________.

A

uses readily accessible and affordable software tools

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11
Q

Media literacy involves ____________.

A

knowledge about mass media and the application of critical thinking

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12
Q

Most of our media exposure is through ___________.

A

an unconscious level

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13
Q

The most visible form of information delivered by mass media is ____________.

A

news

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14
Q

The most obvious form of mass media intended to persuade is _____________.

A

advertising

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15
Q

English thinker John Milton advocated exposure to competing ideas as the best way to discover the truth in a concept he termed the ____________.

A

a marketplace of ideas

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16
Q

A defining characteristic of mass communication is that it _____________.

A

relies on technology

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17
Q

Johan and Marcus stop in a hallway and talk about the weekend basketball game. This situation is an example of ____________.

A

interpersonal communication

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18
Q

Traditional media products and new products are emerging from ____________.

A

digital technology

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19
Q

Which technology have photography and movies relied on throughout most of their history?

A

chemical technology

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20
Q

The first of the electronic media was ____________.

A

sound recording

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21
Q

The man who invented movable type and printed at least 200 bibles with it was ____________?

A

Johannes Gutenberg

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22
Q

Which technological innovation of the 1440’s allowed scientists to print their theories and experimental results for wide dissemination? ___________.

A

movable metal type

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23
Q

Frederick Ives invented which process in 1876 that allowed visual images to be printed to accompany the words printed on a page? ____________.

A

halftone

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24
Q

The process of reproducing black and white images by printing variously sized dots of ink that look like different tones of gray is _____________?

A

halftone printing

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25
By the time of the U.S. Civil War, this still-developing technology made it possible to capture a new kind of archival record? ___________.
photography
26
The melding of print, electronic, and photographic media into digitized form is called ____________?
media convergence
27
The narrative model of mass communication includes four key questions. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A.) Who says what? B.) In which channel? C.) To whom? D.) UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES? ****
28
An economic system in which private owners operate businesses for profit is called ___________?
capitalism
29
With rare exception, the primary goal of most U.S. mass media is to ___________?
make profits
30
Mass media industries earn most of their profits from ____________?
advertising and sales
31
Conglomerates typically use all of the following business practices EXCEPT ____________?
A.) BOARD LEVEL MICROMANAGEMENT OF ALL ASPECTS OF THEIR OPERATION. **** B.) day-to-day decision-making is done by appointed middle managers. C.) major policy and profit expectations are set by a board of directors. D.) performance-based evaluation systems treat underachievers as expendable.
32
Skeptics fear that if community foundations took over the operation of local newspapers, the papers would ___________?
emphasize favorable publicity for the community instead of the hard-hitting news.
33
Because of its inherent high costs, many newspapers have abandoned __________ reporting.
investigative reporting
34
Which similarity exists between content and the grassroots reason for why government has historically been hands-off when it comes to the media?
concerns of censorship
35
The first three phases in the process of turning new technology into a successful mass media industry include all of the following EXCEPT ____________?
Inspiration - the spark of an idea about a new way to communicate (i.e., a new medium).
36
A group of web designers decides to try and organize and create a new trade union. This situation represents which phase in the evolution of a mass medium _____________?
maturation
37
The continuing trend in mass media ownership is the ___________.
consolidation into fewer but bigger companies dominating each industry.
38
Despite concerns about government involvement in the mass media, one of the best examples of the U.S. government offering direct financial support to mass media is the ____________.
Corporation for Public Broadcasting
39
The first true mass medium was ___________?
newspapers
40
The first sound recording and playback machine was __________?
phonograph
41
T/F: Media literacy involves knowledge about mass media and the application of critical thinking?
True
42
Which innovation made the printing press an agent for mass communication? __________.
movable metal-type
43
An industry dominated by a few companies is called a ___________?
oligopoly
44
The four characteristics used to distinguish all the ink on paper media from one another to include all of the following EXCEPT _________?
size
45
One characteristic that distinguishes mass communication from interpersonal and group communication is ___________?
lack of immediate feedback
46
One trait of media conglomerates is ____________?
ownership of subsidiaries that remain distinct operating entities
47
The Internet emerged as a major mass medium in the __________?
1990's
48
What internet service provider first dominated the Internet in the 1990's? ___________.
America Online
49
During the early development of the Internet, what did its creators envision for the future? __________.
a commercial-free system
50
Consumers today expect to find __________ media online.
all
51
Texting on cellular networks generally limits messages to __________?
140 characters
52
After several mass murders on college campuses in 2008, many universities instituted __________?
text message alerts to cell phones
53
A journal-like website with continuing narrative, generally personal, it's called a(n) ___________?
blog
54
Blogs ___________?
have the potential to make a computer user a mass communicator.
55
When Harvard sophomore Mark Zuckerberg posted pictures of sorority members on his blog and asked people to vote for the "hotter" one, it marked the beginning of ___________?
Facebook
56
___________ is the largest social network.
Facebook
57
Ashton Kutcher became the first person to attract 1 million followers on _________?
Twitter
58
Jimmy Wales developed which online reference site that allows people to collaborate on writing and editing web content? ___________.
Wikipedia
59
Ben Day’s launch of his New York Sun is significant in the history of newspapers because it ___________?
was the first to rely on advertising to make a profit
60
The basic organizational structure of most newspapers includes all of the following operating units EXCEPT ___________?
A.) advertising B.) circulation C.) ENTERTAINMENT *** D.) news-editorial
61
Newspapers in the 21st century include people with all of the following job titles EXCEPT __________?
A.) bookkeepers. B.) editors. C.) publishers. D.) TYPESETTERS ****
62
Newspaper circulation in the United States continues to __________?
decline
63
Muckraking is ___________.
an early term for investigative reporting
64
Which of the following was NOT an innovation by the magazine industry? __________.
printing the full text of presidential speeches
65
Independently owned record-making companies that are not part of the Big Four are called ___________?
indies
66
Adam Shlachter calls the generation coming of age now Generation S. The S stands for ___________?
screen
67
Rupert Murdoch, who controls News Corp. and other media ventures, is well known for his ___________.
profit-driven motivation
68
In the eyes of critics like Senator Al Franken, the dangers of media conglomeration include all of the following EXCEPT _________?
A.) large media corporations pay lower tax rates so the government collects less revenue
69
The Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970 allowed newspapers to ____________?
combine non-news operations without violating anti-trust laws.
70
The 1927 Federal Radio Act authorized the federal government to _____________?
issued a license to radio stations and regulate the over-crowded airwaves
71
The largest example of a successful media cooperative is _____________?
the associated press
72
What advertisers are really paying the mass media for is __________?
access to potential customers
73
Mass communication involves sending a message to a great number of people who ___________?
are in widely separated locations

COMM 1337 - Intro to Mass Comm (2 decks)

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