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Population Health > Exam 1 Study Guide > Flashcards

Exam 1 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What is public health?

A
  • Also known as population health
  • Groups of people, who may or may not interact with each other but who have common health concerns and needs
  • Residents of a specific geographical area, with some trait or attribute in common or who may be at risk for or experience a disproportionate burden of poor health outcomes.
  • The attainment of the greatest possible biological, psychological, and social well-being of the total population as an entity and of its individual members; a capability or resource that allows members of the population to pursue goals, develop skills, and grow
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2
Q

What is an aggregate?

A

Subgroup of a population

Example: female doctors in Cleveland

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3
Q

2 Different Community Types

A
  1. Phenomenological
  2. Geopolitical
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4
Q

What is phenomenological?

A
  • Relational
  • Community of itnerest/belonging
    • Beliefs - religious
    • Solution - MADD
    • Need
    • Academic/professional
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5
Q

What is geopolitical?

A

Territorial bonds and its effects on politics

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6
Q

Public Health vs. Primary Care Physician

A

General health of the community vs. individual health

Public health of an area can influence the education that a primary care physicain may give to that population of patients.

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7
Q

What are different types of internventions in public health?

A
  • Education
  • Counseling
  • Referral
  • Role modeling
  • Case management
  • Coordination/care management
  • Collaboration
  • Liaison
  • Case findings/screening
  • Surveillance
  • Policy formulation
  • Community mobilization
  • Coalition building
  • Social marketing
  • Promoting evidence-based practice
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8
Q

How is education an intervention?

A

Provides clients/populations with information to make informed health-related decisions

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9
Q

How is referral an intervention?

A

Directs clients to resources needed to meet their needs

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10
Q

How is counseling an intervention?

A

Assits clients/populations to choose viable solutions to health problems

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11
Q

How is case management an intervention?

A

Coordinates and selects health care services to meet identified client needs

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12
Q

How is coordination/care management an intervention?

A

Organizes and integrates health care delivery services to best meet population health care needs

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13
Q

How is collaboration an intervention?

A

Engages people in joint decision making with clients/populations, other health care providers, and non-health sectors of society to resolve client/population health problems

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14
Q

How is a liaison an intervention?

A

Facilitates relationships between clients/populations and other health care providers or policy makers

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15
Q

How is case finding/screening an intervention?

A

Identifys individual cases of health problems or the incidence and prevalence of conditions in the population

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16
Q

How is surveillance an intervention?

A

Monitors occurrences and trends in specific health problems within the population

17
Q

How is policy formulation an intervention?

A

Promotes and assits in the development of social and health care policies that support the health of the population

18
Q

How is community mobilization an intervention?

A

Assists populations to identify goals and implement strategies to improve health and promote conditions that support health

19
Q

How is coalition building an intervention?

A

Assists in the creation of alliances of individuals or groups to achieve health-related goals

20
Q

How is social marketing an intervention?

A

Uses commercial marketing strategies to change public attitudes or behaviors

21
Q

How is promoting evidence-based practice an intervention?

A

Critically examines scientific evidence to identify and effectively implement strategies that improve population health

22
Q

What is a primary type of intervention?

A
  • Health promotion
    • Education
    • Healthy food options
    • Promoting exercise
  • Disease prevention
    • Getting a vaccine
  • Risk reduction
23
Q

What is a secondary form of intervention?

A
  • Resolution - focus on identification and treatment of existing health problems
  • Screening
    • Mammograms; BRCA screening
    • Blood tests - glucose, lead
    • Scoliosis screening
    • STI screening
    • Blood pressure tests
  • Early interventions when there are signs and symptoms
24
Q

What is a tertiary form of intervention?

A
  • Restoration - focus on restoring health status and preventing further deterioration
  • Recovery
    • Physical therapy
  • Chronic illness/disability
    • Chemotherapy
    • Preventing illnesses from going further
    • Pain management
    • Lifestyle changes
  • Peaceful death
    • Palliative care
    • Pain management
25
Q

What are the components of community as partner model?

A
  • Feedback loop
  • Assessment - analysis - nursing diagnosis - plan - interventions - evaluate - repeat
  • Assessment - windshield survey, focus group, look at data, interviewing
  • Analysis - systematic way of looking at the assessment (conclusion)
  • Implementation - starts in the planning phase
26
Q

What are social determinants of health?

A

Conditions and resources in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, and worship

  • Effects overall health and wellbeing, quality of life outcomes, health risks
  • Influenced by policy and are shaped by the distribution of money, power,and resources at the national, state, and local levels
  • Include: sex, age, immunity level, smoker, eating habits, compliant with medications, ability to work, quality of schools, quality of air and water, insurance ability to be insured, socioeconomic status, education, access to healthcare transportation options, availability of community resources, social support, natural and physical environment, housing, exposure to toxins, access to health and food resources, community physical barriers
  • We are all affected by social determinants of health
27
Q

What is the definition of health equity?

A

When everyone in a community has the ability to achieve the highest level of health possible, regardless of who they are, how much money they have, or where they live

28
Q

What is the definition of health disparities?

A

Measurable differences in the incidence and prevalence of health conditions, health status, and outcomes between groups

29
Q

What is the definition of health inequities?

A

Health disparities that are the result of the systemic and unjust distribution of life enhancing resources (social determinants)

30
Q

What are the Health People 2020 Top Ten Health Indicators?

A
  1. Physical activity
  2. Overweight and obesity
  3. Tobacco use
  4. Substance abuse
  5. Responsible sexual behavior
  6. Mental health
  7. Injury and violence
  8. Environmental quality
  9. Immunizations
  10. Access to quality health care
31
Q
A

Population Health (2 decks)

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