Exam 1 Study Guide Flashcards
Pharmacology:
study of the effect of chemicals on the living body
Pharmaceutics:
the FORMULATION and prep of drugs
Pharmacoeconomics:
study of economic impact of drugs
Toxicology:
study of the harmful effects of chemicals; pharm of WRONG doses
Pharmacognosy:
study of medicinal use of NATURALLY occurring compounds
Pharmacy:
the prep and dispensing of drugs
Pharmacogenetics:
genetic influences by and of drugs
Pharmacoepidemiology:
study of the use and effect of drugs on a large group of people
Pharmacokinetics:
study of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the drug
What the body does to the drug
Pharmacodynamics:
physiological and biochemical mechanisms of action of drugs
What does the drug do to the body
Receptor Theory (pharmacodynamics)
there are receptors that recognize the presence of chemicals and postulate a response
Drug receptors are _ _ which act as the site for a drug
macromolecular complexes
Drug receptors are usually made of _ that are involved in production of normal cellular function
proteins
Drug receptors include:
carrier proteins
protein channels
ion channels
enzymes
nucleic acids
True or false: A drug can’t make the body do anything it can’t already do
TRUE
If a receptor is a lock, then the _ is the key
LIGAND; a drug becomes a ligand when it connects to a receptor
Properties of receptors:
sensitivity
selectivity
specificity
Drug response occurs from a _ _ (sensitivity) produced by _ _ chemicals (selectivity) and the response is the same bc the cell determines it. (specific)
low concentration
structurally similar
True or false: A desired response only occurs when the drug receptors are completely saturated
FALSE
Occupancy Theory:
-opposite of spare receptor theory, there is a linear relationship b/t receptors occupied and response
magnitude of a drug effect is proportional to the number of receptors occupied
-tissue response happens when sufficient receptors have been occupied
Spare-Receptor Concept:
there is a non-liner relationship between the number of receptors stimulated and the response
-max response can be stimulated by only a fraction of the receptors
Agonist:
bind to receptor and STIMULATE the function that receptor serves
The agonist _ the action of the endogenous ligand.(hormone, neurotransmitter in body)
MIMICS
In adequate concentrations, an agonist can cause max activation of all receptors and this is known as a _ _
full agonist