Exam 1: Secular Vocal Music Flashcards
What is the genre, composer, texture, and time period of “Can vei la lauzeta mover?”
Troubadour song
Bernart de Ventadorn
Monophonic (one melody)
Medieval (late 12th century)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Can vei la lauzeta mover?”
Monophonic (one melody)
Troubadour song
Bernart de Ventadorn
Medieval (late 12th century)
What is the genre, composer, texture, and time period of “Sumer Is Icumen In?”
Round or Rota.
Anonymous.
Imitative Polyphony.
Medieval (Mid 13th century).
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Rose, liz, printemps, verdure?”
Rondeau, formes fixes chanson, or ars nova
Guillaume de Machaut
Medieval (mid 14th century)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “En remirant vo douce pourtaiture?”
Formes fixes Chanson, ars subtilior, or ballade.
Philippus de Caserta.
Medieval (around 1370).
Medieval time period
750-1400
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Je ne puis vivre?”
French, or late forme fixe chanson, or virelai.
Antoine Busnoys.
Renaissance (1460)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Mille regretz?”
French chanson
Josquin Desprez
Renaissance (1520).
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Revecy venir du printans?”
French chanson
Claude le Jeune
Renaissance (late 16th century)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Il bianco e dolce cigno?”
Italian Madrigal
Jacques Arcadelt
Renaissance (1538)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Da la belle contrade d’oriente?”
Italian madrigal
Cipriano de Rore
Renaissance (1560-65)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Cruda Amarilli?”
Italian Madrigal
Claudio Monteverdi
renaissance (late 1590s)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “As Vesta was from Latmos hill?”
English madrigal
Thomas Weelkes
Renaissance (1601)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Flow, my Tears?”
English lute song
John Dowland
Renaissance (1600)
What is the genre, composer, and time period of “Vedró ‘l mio sol?”
Monody, solo madrigal from “Le nuove musiche
Giulio Caccini
Baroque
Renaissance time period
1400-1600
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Vi ricorda o boschi ombrosi?”
Early Italian Opera
Canzonetta
Claudio Monteverdi
Baroque (1607)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Mira, deh mira Orfeo?”
Early Italian Opera
Song
Claudio monteverdi
Baroque (1607)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Ahi, caso acerbo?”
Early Italian Opera
Dialogue in Recitative
Claudio Monteverdi
Baroque (1607)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Tu se’ morta?”
Early Italian Opera
Recitative
Claudio Monteverdi
Baroque (1607)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Ahi, caso acerbo?”
Early Italian Opera
Choral Madrigal
Claudio Monteverdi
Baroque (1607)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Enfin il est en ma puissance?”
Tragédie en musique or French Opera (Armide)
Recitative
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Baroque (1686)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Thy hand, Belinda?”
English Opera
Recitative
Henry Purcell
Baroque (1689)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “When I am laid in earth?”
English Opera (Dido and Aeneas)
Aria over a ground bass
Henry Purcell
Baroque (1689)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “With drooping wings?”
English Opera (Dido and Aeneas)
Chorus
Henry Purcell
Baroque (1689)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Cara Sposa?”
Opera seria (Rinaldo)
Da capo aria
George Frideric Handel
Baroque (1711)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “Eseguisti, o Niren?”
Opera seria (Giulio Cesare)
Secco recitative
George Frideric Handel
Baroque (1724)
What is the genre, subgenre, composer, and time period of “V’adoro, pupille?”
Opera Seria (Giulio Cesare)
Da capo aria
George Frideric Handel
Baroque (1724)
Baroque time period
1600-1750
Vocab: troubadour
Court musicians/poets from the medieval era.
Had guilds
Vocab: troubadour
Elite poet-composers from southern france.
Medieval
Played in courts
Had guilds
Vocab: Formes Fixes Chanson
French
Early Renaissance
Translates to “Songs in fixed forms”
Inspired by troubadour
Guillaume de Machaut: important innovator
3 basic forms
What are the 3 basic forms of formes fixes chansons?
Ballade
Rondeau
Virelai
Whats the rhyme structure for a ballade chanson?
Stanza (aab)
Refrain (C)
Stanza (aab)
Refrain (C)
Stanza (aab)
Refrain (C)
What is the rhyme structure for a rondeau chanson?
Refrain (AB)
Stanza begins (a)
Half refrain (A)
Stanza continues (ab)
Refrain (AB)
What is the rhyme scheme for a virelai chanson?
Refrain (A)
Stanza (bba)
Refrain (A)
Stanza (bba)
Refrain (A)
Stanza (bba)
Refrain (A)
Vocab: ars subtilior
French renaissance musical style characterized by “rythmic and notational complexity”
Translates to “subtler art”
Vocab: music printing
Started printing polyphonic music in venice
Began during the renaissance
Because of this, more amateur musicians
Good for social singing
Early forms had musica ficta
Vocab: madrigal
Renaissance
Midcentury, most madrigals were for 5 voices
Frequent change of texture
More chromatic inflection
The music reflects the meaning of the poetry
Uses word paintings, or madrigalisms
Performed by people who can hang out in a meadow
Madrigalism or word painting
The music reflects the words of the poem.
Through-composed
The piece does not repeat any sections; every phrase is new music
Basso continuo
A harmony bass line with figures above
First used in monody (solo madrigals)
Played on chordal instruments (organ, harpsichord, theorbo)
or melody instruments (cello, bassoon
Monody
Solo madrigals
Vocab: lute and theorbo
Lute: stringed instrument shaped like an avocado that was popular in the renaissance and baroque.
Theorbo: a bigger version with bass strings. (Late 1500s)
Seconda practica
The theory that voice-leading rules may be broken in order to serve the words
Dissonance used more freely
Started by Claudio Monteverdi (cruda amarili) late 1590s
Led to music innovations
Tragédie en musique
“Tragedy in music”
Started by Jean-Baptiste Lully
The new french form of opera (1672)
Most don’t end tragically, but they were very dramatic
Vocab: Ostinato bass or ground bass
Repeating bass line, usually fairly short
Opera seria
Principle style of late Baroque opera
Lots of stage effects
Performed throughout europe
Designed to stir powerful emotions
Constrained by strict conventions
The use of divas and castrati
Used libretto
what are the two types of recitative?
Secco (simple)
-close to normal speaking with minimal instruments
Accompagnato (accompanied)
-uses more passionate emotions with orchestral outbursts
Castrato
Came from orphanages in italy. They taught young children to sing, and if they were really good, they castrated them to preserve their high voices. Some became opera stars, while others sang in church choirs
Da capo aria
Standardized aria with an A B section
Meant to portray one or two emotions
When A section repeats, there’s more ornaments
What’s the form of a da capo aria?
Ritornello (instrument intro)
A1 (portrays one emotion)
Ritornello
A2 (same emotion)
(Optional ritornello)
B (contrasting emotion, color, and texture)
All of A repeats with more ornaments
Who was Bernart de Ventadorn?
Medieval (1100s)
Best known and most influential troubadour
Served Eleanor of Aquitaine
Brought troubadour tradition to the north
Born to a servant of the court
Who was Guillaume de Machaut?
Medieval (1300s)
Leading composer/poet of ars nova:
Created polyphonic forme fixe chansons
Combines poetic traditions of troubadours with complex notated church traditions
Middle class in northern france
Was a secretary to john of Luxembourg, king of Bohemia
Canon of the cathedral at Reims, royal patronage
Wrote music books
Who was Josquin Desperez?
Late 1400s, early 1500s (renaissance)
Born in northern France
Served courts and royals
Works appeared in the largest number of manuscript print sources of any other composer before 1550
His music expressed emotions
Who was Claudio Monteverdi?
Late 1500s, early 1600s (end of renaissance)
Most innovative and imaginative composer of his day
Bridged the renaissance and the baroque eras
Wrote the first court operas, L’Orfeo and L’Arianna
Composed 3 public operas in venice
Who was Jean-Baptiste Lully?
Mid 1600s
Born in florence, trained in paris
Appointed court composer by Louis XIV
Had a monopoly on french opera
Blended balet and opera
Brought Discipline as conductor.
Died of gangrene
Who was George Frideric Handel?
Late 1600s, early 1700s
Born in Germany
Educated in organ, harpsichord, counterpoint, violin
Served the public with his music
Wrote operas and oratorios
Served royalty, then lived in London
His music never stopped being performed
