Exam 1--SA Info (Includes Fx & Fx Healing) Flashcards
What 4 categories are important in fracture description
1) location
2) direction
3) Type
4) alignment
Which 4 descriptors are included when describing Fx location?
right vs. left
thoracic vs. pelvic limb
which bone
where in bone
What are the 3 fx directions?
Transverse
Oblique (short or long)
Spiral
What 5 descriptors are ASSUMED with fracture type–if different from these you must specify
1) closed (specify if open)
2) Simple (specify if comminuted or segmental)
3) complete (specify if incomplete)
4) traumatic (vs. pathologic)
4) acute (vs. chronic)
The rule for describing fx displacement?
describe the location of the DISTAL fragment in relationship to the proximal fragment
*If >2 pieces; LARGEST distal fragment is used
What type of fracture involves the physis?
Slater-Harris
What type of Salter-Harris fx is most common? Describe its location
Type 2
Fx extends up through metaphysis
Describe a type 3 salter-harris fx
physeal fx that extends through epipyhsis
Describe a type 4 salter-harris fx
physeal fx that extends through the metaphysis AND epiphysis
Most common location for type 5 salter-harris fx?
Distal ulnar physis
What factor differentiates Salter-Harris Fx from Condylar “T” & “Y” fxs?
With T & Y fractures the physes are CLOSED
Most common direction for the femur to luxate?
Craniodorsal
How does callus size correlate with fx stability?
Fx that are more unstable will have a LARGER callus
What are the ABCDS of evaluating fracture healing?
A--alignment & apposition B--bone C--Cartilage D--Device S--Soft tissue
What is the most important factor affecting bone healing?
Stability of repair
2 most common cause of nonunion?
1) excessive motion–inadequate immobilization at fx site (viable/hypertrophic)
2) compromised blood supply (nonviable–atrophic)
Hallmark sign of DJD?
periarticular osteophytes
Which disease process is commonly associated with thoracic or abdominal masses?
Hypertrophic osteopathy
The anconeal process should be fully united by what age?
5 months
Which bone disease causes osteonecrosis of the femoral head in SMALL breeds?
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
Unilateral
OCD of the stifle in dogs commonly occurs where?
Lateral femoral condyle
Most common location for panosteitis to occur?
Proximal ulna
Give the vertebral formula for:
1) Dogs & cats
2) Cattle
3) Horses
1) C7-T13-L5-S3
2) C7-T13-L6-S5
3) C7-T18-L6-S5
Total number of teeth in the adult dog and cat?
Dog: 42
Cat: 30
