Exam #1 Revised Flashcards
Burke
- organized group
- unified by principles
- national interest
Morse
- durable org
- united by principle or policy
- self-interested
Downs
- group of individuals (coalition)
- Goal: win elected office
- ambitious politicians
- driven by POWER
- self-interested
Aldrich
- elected office seekers
- rational
- Goals: win elected office, maintain power, and good policies
Policy Demanders (Cohen et al.)
- coalition of different groups
- goal: gain control of gov
- self-interested
ex: invisible primary: follow a criteria to pick who will get policies passed (bush 2000, figure skater judges)
V.O. Key
Party in Gov:
* elected officials who share a party label
* maybe candidates
Party in Electorate
* individuals who identify as partisans (committed members of a political party)
Party Organization
* party employees or officials
Schattscheider (Responsible Parties)
Parties should…
1. make commitments to voters
2. be able or willing to carry out commitments when in power
3. develop alternatives when out of office
4. provide voters with a range of choices between alternative actions
Duverger’s Law
majority of voting systems will tend to favor towards two candidates and two parties
Duverger’s Law: Strategic Voting
voting for your 2nd preferred candidate so your least preferred doesn’t win when your 1st preferred doesn’t stand a chance
Duverger’s Law: Sincere Voting
voting for the candidate you most prefer no matter their chances of winning
Duverger’s Law: Over/Under Representation
Over: Larger parties grow
Under: Small parties decline
Proportional Representation
when multiple parties run and however much % they win, they get an equal amount of representation to their percentage
ex: if candidate B wins 33% of the vote, he will get 33% of the seats
Social Origins Theory
the # of political parties in a country is determined by the # of social cleavages in its society.
Example of Social Origins Theory
Papua New Guinea has 20+ candidates for one elected spot. This is because the country has so much ethnic diversity, and people vote for candidates who best align with their people.
National Government Strength
As the government spends and focuses on national issues, local parties will form an agenda based on those national issues.
( Bringing national issues into local parties )
