Exam 1 Review PART 1

Question 1

SLIDE 1: PERMANENT DENTITION (32)

Q: What is present in an individual quadrant?

Prof’s question: What is not present in an individual quadrant?

Answer 1

In each quadrant:
1 CENTRAL INCISOR
1 LATERAL INCISOR
1 CANINE
2 PREMOLAR: 1st premolar (aka 1st bicuspid), 2nd premolar (aka 2nd bicuspid)
3 MOLAR: First molar, second molar, third molar

Prof’s answer: 3rd premolar (NO!!!!)

Question 2

SLIDE 2: THE CROWN AND ROOT

• Define anatomic crown and clinical crown

Answer 2

ANATOMIC CROWN: the portion of the tooth covered by enamel
(seen in patient. substantially smaller or shorter, and lesser in surface area)
-always the same.

CLINICAL CROWN: the portion of the tooth that is clinically visible.
(seen in older patient)
-visible above the gum line; varies with age.

Question 3

SLIDE 2: THE CROWN AND ROOT

Q: Which crown is defined as that portion of the tooth that is clinically visible.

Answer 3

CLINICAL CROWN

Question 4

SLIDE 3: TRIANGULAR RIDGES

Q: 1) Triangular ridges are only found in which teeth?

2) Where do these ridges descend from?
3) They travel toward which part of the occlusal surface?

Answer 4

1) ONLY found in posterior teeth
2) Descend from the TIPS OF THE CUSPS
3) Travel toward the CENTRAL part of the occlusal surface.

Question 5

SLIDE 4: TRIANGULAR vs. FACIAL/LINGUAL RIDGES

Q: What’s another name for triangular ridges

Answer 5

NONE! Triangular ridges have no other name

Question 6

SLIDE 4: TRIANGULAR vs. FACIAL/LINGUAL RIDGES

Q: (T/F). The triangular ridges on the facial cusps are NOT called lingual ridges. Additionally, the triangular ridges of the lingual cusps are NOT called facial ridges.

Answer 6

TRUE! Triangular ridges are only called triangular ridges.

Question 7

SLIDE 5: OBLIQUE RIDGE: SPECIAL CASE

Q: Which ridge is classified also as a “SPECIAL KIND” of transverse ridge.
*WHY?

Answer 7

OBLIQUE RIDGE

• because there is a UNION of the triangular ridge of the:
  1) TRIANGULAR RIDGE of the DISTOFACIAL CUSP
  2) DISTAL CUSP RIDGE of the MESIOLINGUAL CUSP
  (across the facial-lingual perimeter of the occlusal surface)

Question 8

SLIDE 5: OBLIQUE RIDGE: SPECIAL CASE

• Why is the oblique ridge not considered a “pure” transverse ridge?

Answer 8

because both ridges are NOT triangular ridges.

Question 9

SLIDE 6: MARGINAL RIDGES ON ANTERIOR TEETH

Q: Define marginal ridges:
These are rounded borders of the enamel that form what two; ______ and ________ (Distal, Lingual, Mesial, Facial) margins or borders of the ________ (which surface: distal, lingual, facial, mesial) surface of __________ (anterior or premolar) teeth.

Answer 9

MESIAL AND DISTAL MARGINS
LINGUAL SURFACE
ANTERIOR TEETH: INCISORS AND CANINES

Question 10

SLIDE 7: “ANSWER”

Q: On the LINGUAL surfaces of POSTERIOR teeth, the raised or convex contours are NOT called ridges. What is their official name?

Answer 10

SLIDE 7: LINGUAL HEIGHTS OF CONTOUR

LINGUAL HEIGHTS of CONTOUR

(These contours on the lingual surface are NOT in the cervical part of the crown. OCCLUSAL SURFACE!

Question 11

SLIDE 8: DEVELOPMENTAL PIT
(“Select any or all that are correct”)

Q: Name all development pits that are found on a permanent tooth (ex: mandibular molar)

Answer 11

1) Facial Pit : distalfacial pit and mesialfacial pit
2) Distal triangular pit
3) Mesial triangular pit
4) Central pit
5) Lingual pit

F, LC, MD

Question 12

SLIDE 9: LINE ANGLE ON ANTERIOR TEETH

Q: Name the line angle that is at the junction of the mesial surface and incisal ridge on a permanent central incisor.

Answer 12

MESIOINCISAL LINE ANGLE

name the proximal surface first, then the adjoining surface

Question 13

SLIDE 10: FIRST EVIDENCE OF CALCIFICATION SCHEDULE OF PRIMARY TEETH

Q: Which primary tooth is last to begin calcification and at what week in utero?

Answer 13

MAXILLARY primary 2nd molar (A,J) at 19 weeks in utero.

Question 14

SLIDE 11: AT BIRTH

Q: At birth, which two CROWNS have completely formed?
Which PERMANENT teeth have begun CALCIFICATION?

Answer 14

the PRIMARY MANDIBULAR FIRST MOLAR CROWNS and the PRIMARY MANDIBULAR CENTRAL INCISOR CROWNS.
(no maxillary yet)

calcification: the maxillary and the mandibular PERMANENT FIRST MOLARS.

Question 15

SLIDE 12: ERUPTION AND EMERGENCE of PERMANENT TEETH

Q: Which permanent teeth is first to erupt and at what year?

Answer 15

Permanent 1st molar at 6 years of age.

Question 16

SLIDE 12: ERUPTION AND EMERGENCE of PERMANENT TEETH

Q: Which permanent teeth is last to erupt and at what year?

Answer 16

Permanent 3rd molar at 19 years of age.

Question 17

SLIDE 13: PRIMARY DENTITION ERUPTION FACTS
(“ WHICH ONE IS INCORRECT” question. ONE ANSWER)

Q: Initial Mineralization of the Primary dentition is when?

Answer 17

ENTIRELY PRENATAL ( on the exam, will most likely change this answer to postnatal…. remember that it’s PREnatal)

Question 18

SLIDE 13: PRIMARY DENTITION ERUPTION FACTS
(know all these facts)

• 1) When does calcification begin in utero? (weeks)
  2) All primary teeth have initiated calcification when (in utero)? (weeks)
  3) __________ (arch) teeth usually erupt before namesakes in the opposing _______ (arch)
  4) Which primary tooth is last to emerge and around which months of age?
  5) When is root formation complete for all primary teeth (age)?
  6) Primary tooth occlusion is evident at what age?
  7) Primate space (space btwn anterior and posterior) begins to form at what age?

Answer 18

1) 13-16 weeks
2) 18-20 weeks
3) Mandibular, Maxilla
4) Primary maxillary 2nd molar and at 29 months of age.
5) 39 months ( 3 and 1/2 years)
6) 3
7) 4

Question 19

SLIDE 14: TRITUBERCULAR MOLAR CUSP THEORY
(know which particular cusps are all present in the maxillary or mandbile)

Q: The primitive name for all mandibular cusps (ex: haplo… tricono… tritubercular…) that’s present in all stages is?

Q: The primitive name for all maxillary cusps that’s present in all stages is?

Answer 19

A: protoCONID. = mandibular ***
B: protoCONE = maxillary

Question 20

SLIDE 15: MAXILLARY TEETH INDIVIDUAL ALIGNMENT (permanent)

Q: From a PROXIMAL standpoint, the longitudinal (vertical) axis of the permanent maxillary teeth that is going to deviate the MOST is which tooth?.. and what angle?
Q: the LEAST?

Answer 20

The MOST: CENTRAL INCISOR: 28 degrees

The LEAST: FIRST PREMOLAR: 5 degrees

Question 21

SLIDE 16: HEIGHT OF CONTOUR - Mandibular Arch

Q: What is the mandibular 2nd premolar teeth lingual surface amount (height #) of contour and location?

Answer 21

0.75 mm

Located: in the MIDDLE THIRD

Question 22

SLIDE 17: CORRELATIONS REGARDING THE HEIGHT OF CURVATURE OF THE CERVICAL LINE: (T/F Type of questions)

Q: List the four correlations regarding to the height of curvature of the cervical line.

Answer 22

There is a correlation between the:

1) HEIGHT OF CURVATURE OF THE CERVICAL LINE (CEJ)
2) SIZE OF THE CERVICAL EMBRASURES
3) SIZE OF THE OCCLUSAL/INCISAL EMBRASURES
4) CERVICO-INCISAL OR CERVICO-OCCLUSAL HEIGHT OF THE CONTACT AREA

( INCISAL EMBRASURE, CERVICAL EMBRASURE, CONTACT AREA, HEIGHT OF CURVATURE OF CEJ)

Question 23

SLIDE 17: CORRELATIONS REGARDING THE HEIGHT OF CURVATURE OF THE CERVICAL LINE:

• Which arch has more height of curvature of the cervical line?

Answer 23

MAXILLARY Teeth > Madibular teeth

Question 24

SLIDE 18: PRIMARY VS. PERMANENT TEETH ROOT COMPARISONS.
(“Multiple Answer Question: Which of the following is correct)

Q: 1) What’s the primary root length to crown length characteristics compared to permanent teeth?

2) What’s the shape like on the APICES of primary teeth? (pointed or broad)
3) What’s the root angulation exhibited on the primary anterior teeth?
* **4) Which root is more curved, for each respective primary molar tooth (mesial or distal)?

Answer 24

• 1) LONGER root lengths relative to crown heights (length) compared to permanent teeth.
  2) POINTED
  3) MINIMAL root angulation (straight up and down)

***4) MESIAL ROOTS are more CURVED than distal roots, for each respective primary molar tooth.

Question 25

SLIDE 19: OCCLUSAL VIEW: PRIMARY MANDIBULAR FIRST MOLAR
(Know cusp sizes)

Q) List the four cusp present in the primary mandibular first molar:

     - - Which one has the largest cusp size?
     - - Which one has the smallest cusp size?

Answer 25

1) MESIOFACIAL, MESIOLINGUAL, DISTOFACIAL, DISTOLINGUAL
(MF, ML, DF, DL)

LARGEST CUSP SIZE: MF
SMALLEST CUSP SIZE: DL

• Side note:the primary mandibular first molar does not resemble any other primary or permanent tooth in the human dentition.

Question 26

SLIDE 20: MESIAL VIEW: PERMANENT MANDIBULAR LATERAL INCISORS

Q: The crest of the ________ (facial or lingual) cervical ridge will be at a higher level incisally than the crest of the __________ (facial or lingual) cervical ridge.

Answer 26

1) FACIAL, LINGUAL

Question 27

SLIDE 20: MESIAL VIEW: PERMANENT MANDIBULAR LATERAL INCISORS

Q: How does the cervical line curve?
– Where is the location of the crest of this cervical line curvature?

Answer 27

curves INCISALLY to a LOWER level on the DISTAL surface than on the MESIAL surface.

• crest of the curvature is in the MIDDLE of the tooth, FACIOLINGUALLY.

Question 28

SLIDE 20: MESIAL VIEW: PERMANENT MANDIBULAR LATERAL INCISORS

Q: What is a DISTINCTIVE characteristic of this tooth from the mesial view?
Hint: DISTAL MARGINAL RIDGE

Answer 28

The DISTAL MARGINAL RIDGE can be seen beyond the lingual outline of the MESIAL MARGINAL RIDGE.
- This is because the crown of this tooth is slgihtly “TWISTED” on its root and the distal end of the incisal ridge is more inclined to the lingual

Question 29

SLIDE 21: INCISAL VIEW: PERMANENT MAXILLARY CANINE

Q: Which line angle is significantly more developed?? (MESIOFACIAL OR DISTOFACIAL line angle)

Q: The _________ (mesial or distal) portion of the crown appears “stretched” or elongated or pinched. What’s the purpose of this?

Answer 29

1) MESIOFACIAL
2) Distal. Purpose: in order to make contact with the MESIAL of the maxillary first premolar.

A