Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OB/GYN > Exam 1 Review Concepts > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

No pap screening before age…

A

21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Age 21-24 USPSTF pap screening

A

pap test every 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Age 21-24 ACS pap screening

A

no test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Age 21-24 ACOG pap screening

A

pap test alone every 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Age 25-29 USPSTF pap screening

A

pap test every 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Age 25-29 ACS pap screening

A

HPV every 5 years - preferred
HPV + pap every 5 - acceptable
Pap every 3 years - acceptable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Age 25-29 ACOG pap screening

A

Pap alone every 3 yrs

HPV alone can be considered but pap preferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Age 30-65 USPSTF pap screening

A

Pap every 3
HPV every 5
Or HPV+Pap every 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Age 30-65 ACS pap screening

A

HPV every 5 - preferred
HPV+Pap every 5- acceptable
Pap every 3 - acceptable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Age 30-65 ACOG screening

A

Any of the three:
Pap+HPV every 5
Pap alone every 3
HPV alone every 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pap screening over age 65

A

No screening unless previous abnormal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pap screening for post-hysterectomy

A

No screening unless it was done for cervical cancer changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Age to start mammograms

A

40-50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When to stop mammograms

A

Less than 10 years life expectancy

Age 75 or higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Frequency of mammograms

A

Annual or biannual

Every 2 years after age 55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Are 3d mammograms beneficial?

A

Inconclusive or yes, reduces risk for cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

There is little evidence that self breast exams reduce risk of breast cancer…

A

IF THE WOMAN IS GETTING MAMMOGRAMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pallor, dizziness, breathlessness, tachycardia, nausea, diaphoresis, clammy skin, are all signs of…

A

supine hypotension or vena cava syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intervention for supine hypotension

A

Position woman on her left side (lateral decubitus)
If dental procedure place pillow under 1 hip
Semi-sitting with knees slightly flexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A woman is at higher risk for supine hypotension if she is…

A

obese, dehydrated, or hypovolemic, or large uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sign of pregnancy: fatigue

A

presumptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sign of pregnancy: breast tenderness

A

presumptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sign of pregnancy: nausea/vomiting

A

presumptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Sign of pregnancy: amenorrhea

A

presumptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Sign of pregnancy: urinary frequency

A

presumptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Sign of pregnancy: quickening

A

presumptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Sign of pregnancy: Goodell sign

A

probable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Sign of pregnancy: Chadwick’s sign

A

probable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Sign of pregnancy: Hegar’s sign

A

probable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Sign of pregnancy: Positive pregnancy test

A

probable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Sign of pregnancy: Braxton Hicks contractions

A

probable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Sign of pregnancy: Ballottement

A

probable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Sign of pregnancy: Quickening

A

probable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Quickening def

A

feeling baby move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Goodell sign

A

softening of cervix, at 6 weeks, increased vascularity and hypertrophy/hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Probable signs are

A

OBJECTIVE by the provider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Chadwick sign

A

6-8 weeks of pregnancy, bluish color of cervix by increased vascularity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Hegar sign

A

4-6 weeks, softening of lower uterus (isthmus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Ballottement

A

Passive movement of unengaged fetus, press on cervix, 16th-18th week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Sign of pregnancy: ultrasound visualization

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Sign of pregnancy: fetal heart tones

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Sign of pregnancy: xray visualization

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Sign of pregnancy: fetal movements palpated or visualized by examiner

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Recommended weight gain: BMI under 18.5

A

28-40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Recommended weight gain: BMI 18.5-24.9

A

25-35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Recommended weight gain: BMI 25-29.9

A

15-25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Recommended weight gain: BMI 30 or greater

A

11-20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

How to calculate bmi

A

kg/m2 or weight/inches2 * 703

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Live vaccines contraindicated:

A

Varicella
Measles
Poliomyelitis
Recomb Hep B is OK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

TDAP (for pertussis) should be administered…

A

27-36 weeks gestation
If not, then immediately post partum
Friends/fam should be immunized too

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Flu vaccine

A

Offered to all pregnant patients

Intranasal flu vaccine contraindicated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Prenatal appointment schedules

A

First visit within the first trimester (12 weeks)
Monthly visits weeks 16 through 28
Every 2 weeks from weeks 29 to 36
Weekly visits week 36 to birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

GPTPAL

A 
Gravita - number of pregnancies
Para - number of births
Term - 37 and above
Preterm - Under 37
Abortion - under 20 wks
Living - number of living children
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

late preterm

A

34-36 6/7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

early term

A

37 - 38 6/7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

late term

A

41 -41 6/7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

post term

A

42 and above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

How much folic acid

A

0.4 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

How much calcium

A

1000 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

How much caffeine

A

200 mg or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Limit

A

artifical sweeteners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Vegan mothers need…

A

4 mg b12
1200 mg calcium
10 mg vit d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Contraindicated foods in pregnancy

A 
Alcohol
Homemade dressings
Anything unpasteurized
Processed meats
Soft cheeses such as brie
High mercury fish (shark, swordfish, king, tuna)
Raw fish or meat
Organ meat
Raw eggs
Raw sprouts and unwashed produce
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

White tuna (albacore) no more than…

A

6 oz a week

65
Q

27-30 mg recommended at 12 weeks

A

iron supplement

66
Q

What is the EDD for LMP July 6, 2022

A

April 13th, 2023

67
Q

Vegan pregnant woman considerations

A

Refer to dietitian, preferably preconception

May need additional DHA

68
Q

What is fundal height

A

measurement of the height of the uterus above the symphysis pubis

69
Q

How to measure fundal height

A

A disposable paper metric tape measure is preferred for measuring fundal height
The tape can be placed in the middle of the woman’s abdomen and the measurement made from the upper border of the symphysis pubis to the upper border of the fundus, with the tape measure held in contact with the skin for the entire length of the uterus

70
Q

What should be noted in measuring fundal height

A

Conditions under which the measurements are taken can also be described in the woman’s records, including whether the bladder was empty and whether the uterus was relaxed or contracted at the time of measurement.

71
Q

Leopold’s Maneuver: Step 1

A

Fundal grip: fundus palpated, determine which part feeling, head is hard and breech is nodular mass

72
Q

Leopold’s Maneuver: Step 2

A

Umbilical grip: Around sides of belly, level of umbilicus, which side is fetal back?
fetal back is hard convex, and small structures are nodular

73
Q

Leopold’s Maneuver: Step 3

A

Pawlick’s grip: Pubic symphysis, thumb and fingers to determine baby presentation
If fetus not engaged a moveable structure can be palpated

74
Q

Leopold’s Maneuver: Step 4

A

Pelvic grip: Lower quadrants to determine engagement of fetal presenting part

75
Q

Fetal development milestone: 4 weeks

A

Heart begins beating

76
Q

Fetal development milestone: 12 weeks

A

Resembles human

77
Q

Fetal development milestone: 20 weeks

A

Fetal movements strong enough for mother to feel, vernix caseosa and lanugo appear

78
Q

Fetal development milestone: 24 weeks

A

Alveolar ducts and sacs appear, lecithin beings to appear in amniotic fluid, potentially viable, red skin wrinkles, body lean

79
Q

Fetal development milestone: 30-31 weeks

A

Subq fat forming, L/S ratio 1.2 : 1

80
Q

Fetal development milestone: 36-40 weeks

A

Lanugo and vernix disappear, L/S 2:1, definite sleep wake cycles, testes descended, labia majora well developed

81
Q

maternal blood pressure remains the same or decreases slightly because…

A

reduced systemic vascular resistance caused primarily by the vasodilatory effects of progesterone, prostaglandins, and relaxin

82
Q

Factors that influence maternal BP

A

age, activity level, presence of health problems, circadian rhythm, alcohol consumption, smoking, anxiety, and pain

83
Q

Explain rubella titer and vaccine during pregnancy

A

Measures immunity to rubella

a subcutaneous injection of rubella vaccine is recommended in the postpartum period prior to hospital discharge to prevent the possibility of contracting rubella in future pregnancies

84
Q

Rubella vaccine considerations

A

Women are cautioned to avoid becoming pregnant for 28 days after receiving the rubella vaccine because of the potential teratogenic risk to the fetus. The live attenuated rubella virus is not communicable in breast milk; therefore breastfeeding mothers can be vaccinated

85
Q

What is rhogam and when is it given?

A

within 72 hours after birth prevents sensitization in the Rh-negative woman who has had a fetomaternal transfusion of Rh-positive fetal red blood cells

or 28 week mark

86
Q

Why is rhogam given?

A

Administration of Rh immune globulin is intended to prevent problems in future pregnancies should the Rh-negative woman have an Rh-positive fetus

87
Q

Normal H&H in pregnancy

A

Hemoglobin: greater than 11 g/dL
HCT: greater than 33%
Low = anemia

88
Q

Hemoglobin 1st trimester

A

11-14

89
Q

Hemoglobin 2nd trimester

A

10-13

90
Q

Hemoglobin 3rd trimester

A

10-14

91
Q

HCT 1st trimester

A

31-41

92
Q

HCT 1st trimester

A

30-38

93
Q

HCT 1st trimester

A

32-41

94
Q

When is GBS tested

A

36 wks

95
Q

1 hr gtt abn

A

greater than 140

96
Q

Explain organogenesis. What is it? When is it complete?

A

Embryonic stage, day 15-8 weeks, period of organogenesis and the most critical time in the development of the organ systems and the main external features

At the end of the eighth week, all organ systems and external structures are present, and the embryo is unmistakably human

97
Q

What is included in the initial prenatal visit?

A 
Prenatal interview
Reason for seeking care
Current pregnancy
Childbearing and reproductive system history
Health history
98
Q

What is included in the prenatal interview?

A 
Nutrition
Meds/Supp/Herbs
Family and social history
Substance abuse screening
IPV screening
99
Q

Define an acceleration

A

visually apparent, abrupt (onset to peak less than 30 seconds) increase in FHR above the baseline rate

The peak is at least 15 beats/min above the baseline, and the acceleration lasts 15 seconds or more, with the return to baseline less than 2 minutes from the beginning of the acceleration. If before 32 weeks, changes to 10

100
Q

Accelerations are a…

A

GOOD THING!

101
Q

Fetal tachycardia

A

Greater than 160 for 10 mins or longer

102
Q

What does fetal tachycardia indicate?

A

Early sign of fetal hypoxemia, especially with minimal or absent variability or late decelerations

103
Q

Causes of fetal tachycardia

A

Maternal fever
Maternal infection
Maternal hyperthyroidism
Or in response to drugs such as… Brethine, atropine, cocaine

104
Q

What is the nursing intervention for fetal tachycardia?

A

Depends on cause. Notify HCP. Tylenol for fever and o2 at 10L non rebreather face mask

105
Q

What is fetal bradycardia?

A

HR less than 110 for 10 mins or longer

106
Q

Nursing intervention for fetal bradycardia?

A

Notify HCP

107
Q

Causes of fetal bradycardia

A

Fetal heart defects
Fetal viral infection (CMV)
Maternal hypoglycemia
Maternal hyperthermia

108
Q

Late decelerations and then prolonged bradycardia (minimal variation) might indicate…

A

Uterine rupture (need emergency C section)

109
Q

What are the nursing interventions if the nurse suspects uterine rupture?

A

NOTIFY HCP. Turn to left side, o2 10L NRB face mask, prepare for emergency c section

110
Q

What are the nursing interventions for prolonged decelerations?

A

NOTIFY HCP. Turn to left side, o2 10L NRB face mask, prepare for emergency c section

111
Q

What is a prolonged deceleration?

A

Greater than 2 mins

112
Q

What causes absent variability?

A 
CNS depressants
Fetal sleep cycle
Neuro injury
Congenital abnormalities
Extreme premature
Fetal hypoxemia
Fetal metabolic acidosis
113
Q

Minimal variability

A

<5 bpm

114
Q

Moderate variability

A

6-25 bpm

115
Q

Marked variability

A

> 25 bpm

116
Q

What is the significance of marked variability?

A

Unclear, may be normal, may be early sign of hypoxemia

117
Q

What is the only accurate way to determine variability?

A

Intrauterine monitoring

118
Q

What causes early decelerations?

A

Head compression, considered normal

119
Q

What causes variable decelerations?

A

Cord compression, not normal

120
Q

What causes late decelerations?

A

Placental insufficiency, onset to nadir greater than 30 seconds

121
Q

Define a variable deceleration

A

Sharp decline to nadir, less than 30 seconds, with drop of 15 bpm or more, less than 2 mins duration. Not related to contractions

122
Q

Variable deceleration intervention

A 
Dx pitocin/oxytocin if infusing
Repostion side to site or knees to chest
O2 10LNRB
Notify HCP
Vaginal exam for prolapsed cord
Amniocentesis may be needed, assist
Vacuum or forceps assisted birth, or c section
123
Q

What is a common cause of variable decelerations?

A

Baby is a negative station, amniotic fluid drains and allows cord to come with it, then baby comes out pressing on cord

124
Q

What causes placental insufficiency?

A

HTN, hypotension, hypovolemia, hemorrhage, severe anemia, uterine hypertonus, DM, infection, IUGR, placental separation

125
Q

What is uterine hypertonus and what causes it?

A

Sustained contraction due to excessive pitocin

126
Q

Late deceleration nursing interventions

A 
Dx Pitocin
Side lying position
10L O2 NRB
Correct hypotension by elevating legs, increase maintenance fluids
Palpate uterus to assess for too fast of contractions
Notify HCP
Internal monitoring
Assist with birth
127
Q

Active labor normal contraction frequency

A

2-5 every 10 mins, most frequent in second stage

128
Q

Active labor normal contraction duration

A

No longer than 90 seconds

129
Q

Relaxation time between contractions

A

60 seconds or more in 1st stage

45 seconds or more in 2nd stage

130
Q

Normal resting tone

A

Avg 10 mmhm, should be soft to palpation, never more than 20

131
Q

When is acoustic sound contraindicated?

A

decals or bradycardia

132
Q

Ductus arteriosus shunts blood away from…

A

liver

133
Q

When do fetal shunts close

A

Immediately after birth

134
Q

What type of vessels are in the umbilical cord?

A

2 arteries and 1 vein

135
Q

What is the umbilical cord surrounded by?

A

Wharton’s Jelly

136
Q

When does fundal height measurement start?

A

20 weeks, it should be at the umbilicus at 20 weeks. Measure from symphysis pubis to funds of uterus

137
Q

What is the fundal height threshold?

A

Plus or minus two

138
Q

Multigravita may feel quickening at…

A

16 weeks

139
Q

Rubella titer levels

A

less than 1:8 not immune, greater than 1:10 is immune

140
Q

What is lightning?

A

Dropping of baby into the pelvis (process of moving down)

141
Q

Engagement

A

at the level is ischial spine

142
Q

What to assess for ruptured membranes

A

clear or blood tinged, odor

143
Q

What tests determine if membranes are actually ruptured

A

Amnisure, should be positive if ruptured

144
Q

If membranes are ruptured can mother walk?

A

Only if the baby is engaged, if still up in the uterus then cord could prolapse

145
Q

What types of anesthesia are used for labor?

A

Epidural
Pain meds
Spinal block

146
Q

What type of anesthesia is used for c sections?

A

Spinal

147
Q

What are we concerned about with anesthesia and pregnancy?

A 
CNS depression
Prolonged labor
Hypotension
Bleeding
Spinal headaches
Bladder distention
148
Q

What lab work is important for epidural?

A

Platelets

149
Q

What do platelets need to be for an epidural?

A

Over 100,000

150
Q

Which pelvis shape causes the most concern for delivery and most often results in c section?

A

Platypelloid

151
Q

Shapes of pelvis

A

Platypelloid, gynecoid, arthoropoid, android

152
Q

Platypelloid shape

A

short and normal width

153
Q

gynecoid

A

round and wide

154
Q

arthropoid

A

normal width but long height

155
Q

Android

A

heart shaped

156
Q

True labor

A

Cervical changes, contractions become longer, and closer together and more intense, starts in lower back to abdomen

157
Q

False labor

A

Contractions are irregular, get better with comfort measures, starts upper back stays at naval level

158
Q

Cardinal movements in order

Even Diana feels insecure every event

A 
Engagement 
Descent 
Flexion
Internal rotation
External rotation
Expulsion

OB/GYN (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions