Exam 1 Review

Question 1

A client with a sprained wrist has been taking P.O. doses of ibuprofen (Motrin) 800mg. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further education related to this medication?

Answer 1

“I always take this medication on an empty stomach.”

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a client after falling off their scooter. The client’s right hand is severely swollen, red, warm, and incredibly painful. What parts of the inflammatory process are affecting the client’s hand? Select all that apply.

Answer 2

release of chemotactic factors, neutrophil emigration

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a client with a Type I hypersensitivity. What cell involved in this response causes vasodilation?

Answer 3

Mast cells

Question 4

The nurse is completing an intake assessment of a client with contact dermatitis of the lower leg. The nurse knows that which type of cell caused this hypersensitivity?

Answer 4

T cells

Question 5

What causes the tissue damage seen in both Type II and Type III hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 5

Complement activation

Question 6

What is a common side effect of glucocorticoids such as Prednisone?

Answer 6

hyperglycemia

Question 7

What is an example of a Type II hypersensitivity?

Answer 7

blood transfusion reaction

Question 8

Which cell responds to foreign antigen presented on the MHC-II protein of a phagocytic cell?

Answer 8

Helper T-cell

Question 9

Which of the following medications inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) as their mechanism of action and therefore reduce inflammation?

Answer 9

ibuprofen, aspirin

Question 10

Drug A is a quaternary ammonium compound. Which of the following is a true statement about this medication?

Answer 10

This medication should be given parenterally.

Question 11

A patient is given the wrong medication. What should the nurse do first?

Answer 11

Assess the patient.

Question 12

A patient is receiving a prescription for antibiotics. What information should the nurse include in the patient education?

Answer 12

“You should take the antibiotics until they are gone, even if you are feeling better.”

Question 13

A patient is receiving repeated doses of antibiotics without a loading dose. The half-life of the antibiotics is 4 hours. How long will it take for the antibiotic to reach plateau?

Answer 13

16 hours.

Question 14

Drug X is metabolized by the p450 system. Drug Y is an inducer of the p450 system. What will happen if these 2 medications are given together.

Answer 14

Drug X will be metabolized more quickly resulting in the medication being excreted at a faster rate.

Question 15

Drug Z is affected by the first-pass effect in the liver. Which one of the following statements is true about this medication?

Answer 15

Drug Z should be given parenterally to minimize hepatic inactivation.

Question 16

Suprainfections are caused by which of the following?

Answer 16

Normal beneficial flora in the body are killed by antibiotics and allows for the growth of infectious organisms.

Question 17

Which of the following constitutes a medication error? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 17

The nurse forgets to give the patient his morning dose of antibiotics, the nurse gives the patient her antibiotic 2 hours late, the nurse gives the patient the wrong antibiotic.

Question 18

Which of the following statements are true about the transmission of HIV infection? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 18

Individuals who inject IV drugs and share needles are at an increased risk for contracting HIV infections, personal protective equipment worn by healthcare providers helps minimize exposure to HIV infections.

Question 19

Which one of the following statements is true about opportunistic infections?

Answer 19

Individuals with AIDS are prone to opportunistic infections because they have a weakened immune system.

Question 20

Which of the following should the nurse include in the pre-administration assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 20

Review the patient’s medical history, review the patient’s allergies, review the patient’s medication list, take a complete set of vital signs.

Question 21

“I always take this medication on an empty stomach.”

Answer 21

A client with a sprained wrist has been taking P.O. doses of ibuprofen (Motrin) 800mg. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further education related to this medication?

Question 22

release of chemotactic factors, neutrophil emigration

Answer 22

The nurse is caring for a client after falling off their scooter. The client’s right hand is severely swollen, red, warm, and incredibly painful. What parts of the inflammatory process are affecting the client’s hand? Select all that apply.

Question 23

Mast cells

Answer 23

The nurse is caring for a client with a Type I hypersensitivity. What cell involved in this response causes vasodilation?

Question 24

T cells

Answer 24

The nurse is completing an intake assessment of a client with contact dermatitis of the lower leg. The nurse knows that which type of cell caused this hypersensitivity?

Question 25

Complement activation

Answer 25

What causes the tissue damage seen in both Type II and Type III hypersensitivity reactions?

Question 26

hyperglycemia

Answer 26

What is a common side effect of glucocorticoids such as Prednisone?

Question 27

blood transfusion reaction

Answer 27

What is an example of a Type II hypersensitivity?

Question 28

Helper T-cell

Answer 28

Which cell responds to foreign antigen presented on the MHC-II protein of a phagocytic cell?

Question 29

ibuprofen, aspirin

Answer 29

Which of the following medications inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) as their mechanism of action and therefore reduce inflammation?

Question 30

This medication should be given parenterally.

Answer 30

Drug A is a quaternary ammonium compound. Which of the following is a true statement about this medication?

Question 31

Assess the patient.

Answer 31

A patient is given the wrong medication. What should the nurse do first?

Question 32

“You should take the antibiotics until they are gone, even if you are feeling better.”

Answer 32

A patient is receiving a prescription for antibiotics. What information should the nurse include in the patient education?

Question 33

16 hours.

Answer 33

A patient is receiving repeated doses of antibiotics without a loading dose. The half-life of the antibiotics is 4 hours. How long will it take for the antibiotic to reach plateau?

Question 34

Drug X will be metabolized more quickly resulting in the medication being excreted at a faster rate.

Answer 34

Drug X is metabolized by the p450 system. Drug Y is an inducer of the p450 system. What will happen if these 2 medications are given together.

Question 35

Drug Z should be given parenterally to minimize hepatic inactivation.

Answer 35

Drug Z is affected by the first-pass effect in the liver. Which one of the following statements is true about this medication?

Question 36

Normal beneficial flora in the body are killed by antibiotics and allows for the growth of infectious organisms.

Answer 36

Suprainfections are caused by which of the following?

Question 37

The nurse forgets to give the patient his morning dose of antibiotics, the nurse gives the patient her antibiotic 2 hours late, the nurse gives the patient the wrong antibiotic.

Answer 37

Which of the following constitutes a medication error? (Select all that apply.)

Question 38

Individuals who inject IV drugs and share needles are at an increased risk for contracting HIV infections, personal protective equipment worn by healthcare providers helps minimize exposure to HIV infections.

Answer 38

Which of the following statements are true about the transmission of HIV infection? (Select all that apply.)

Question 39

Individuals with AIDS are prone to opportunistic infections because they have a weakened immune system.

Answer 39

Which one of the following statements is true about opportunistic infections?

Question 40

Review the patient’s medical history, review the patient’s allergies, review the patient’s medication list, take a complete set of vital signs.

Answer 40

Which of the following should the nurse include in the pre-administration assessment? (Select all that apply.)