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Oral Pathology > Exam 1 Review > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the developmental conditions that are often present?

A
  • Present at young age or congenitally
  • Bilaterally symmetrical
  • Asymptomatic
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2
Q

What are the general considerations for developmental conditions?

A
  • Sporadic vs Genetic (ask about family, if not then it’s sporadic)
  • Isolated vs Generalized
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3
Q

What’s the tern to descrive a generalized condition characterized by multiple abnormalities?

A

Syndrome

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4
Q

What term describes without jaw development (aplasia)?

A

Agnathia

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5
Q

What’s the term for a small underdeveloped jaw (hypoplasia) and the term for large jaw?

A
  • Small jaw - Micrognathia
  • Large jaw - Macrognathia
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6
Q

Describe the primary and secondary or aquired characteristics of marco/micrognathia?

A
  • Primary - developmental
  • Secondary or acquired - from another disease or condition, (tumors, acromegaly, Paget’s disease)
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7
Q

What is one of the most common (2nd to be exact) developmental anomalies occuring in 1st trimester (4-12 weeks)?

A

Cleft lip and/or palate

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8
Q

What is the etiology for cleft lip/palate?

A

Unknown, genes and environmental factors

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9
Q

Describe the palatal development.

A
  • Lateral palatal shelves fuse anteriorly at junction with premaxilla and fuse posteriorly
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10
Q

Describe the upper lip development.

A
  • Bilayered epithelium, mesoderm penetrates developing into connective tissue and muscle and adding bulk to lip.
  • Mesoderm comes from globular portion of median nasal processes and maxillary processes bilaterally.
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11
Q

In cleft lip, what is the cleft from?

A

A lack of mesodermal penetration

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12
Q

Describe cleft lip.

A
  • Upper lip
  • Off midline
  • 20% bilateral
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13
Q

Describe cleft palate.

A
  • Anterior to premaxilla
  • Right of Left over alveolar ridge
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14
Q

What are the characteristics of bifid uvula?

A
  • Not related to cleft palate
  • Occassionally associated with submucosal cleft of muscle
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15
Q

Put these in order of most common to least common:

Cleft lip

Cleft palate

Cleft lip with cleft palate

A
  1. Cleft lip with cleft palate
  2. Cleft lip
  3. Cleft palate (50% other anomalies)

> 150 syndromes with clefting as a component

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16
Q

What are lip pits?

A
  • Congenital malformation often inherited and may be with other anomalies (like clefts)
17
Q

What is the term for an infection of minor salivary glands in lower lip?

A

Cheilitis glandularis

18
Q

What are some characteristics of cheilitis glandularis?

A
  • Not developmental
  • Often outdoor workers which thins and drys lips promoting retrograde infection
  • If you squeeze the lip, pus comes out the little spots
  • Varies in severity - from slight swelling with dilated, inflammed ducts to significant swelling, pain and deep abscess with or without sinus tracts.
  • Premalignancy?? shared etiology
19
Q

What is the common cause of cheilitis glandularis?

A

Chronic sun damagae

20
Q

What are “ectopic” sebaceous glands?

A

Fordyce granules

21
Q

What are some characteristics of fordyce granules?

A
  • Develop after puberty
  • >80% of population
  • More common in buccal mucosa and often bilaterally symmetrical
  • Asymptomatic
  • Superficial yellow plaques
  • No treatment, recognition only
22
Q

What are the characteristics of fibromatosis gingivae?

A
  • Least common
  • Inherited, most autosomal dominant
  • Isolated or with syndromes
  • Clinically - asymptomatic, generalized gingival hyperplasia
  • Treatment: surgery? recurrence (if it’s in the genes, surgery won’t cure)
23
Q

What is aglossia?

A

Without tongue development (aplasia)

24
Q

What are the terms for small underdeveloped tongue (hypoplasia) and enlarged, overdeveloped tongue?

A
  • Small - microglossia
  • Large - macroglossia
25
Q

Describe primary and secondary micro/macro-glossia?

A
  • Primary - developmental
  • Secondary - tumor, acromegaly, etc.
26
Q

What’s the term for fusion of tongue to floor of mouth, “tongue tied”?

A

Ankyloglossia

27
Q

Describe cleft tongue?

A
  • Bifid or midline fissue
  • Failure of complete fusion of lateral halves of anterior 2/3 of tongue
28
Q

What is fissued tongue?

A
  • Unknown etiology but genetics may play role
  • Deep dorsal surface fissures
  • Increase with age
  • Increase with xerostomia
  • May retain plaque (halotosis)
29
Q

What are the other names for benign maigratory glossitis?

A
  • Geographic tongue
  • Erythema migrans
30
Q

Describe benign migratory glossitis.

A
  • Not developmental
  • Common inflammatory condition of unknown etiology
  • 2:1 females
  • Dorsal and or lateral borders of tongue
  • Depapillated erthematous areas, surrounded by yellowish-white borders
  • Single of multiple lesions
  • Usually migrate
  • Asymptomatic (may burn or hurt) occasionally off tongue (erythema migrans)
31
Q
A

Oral Pathology (6 decks)

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