Exam 1 Review Flashcards
- What does ADA stand for and when did it become law?
o Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), passed in 1990.
- What is the ADA definition of disability and who qualifies?
o A person with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.
- What does IDEA stand for and when did it become law?
o Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), enacted in 1990.
- What is the IDEA definition of disability and who qualifies?
o A child with a qualifying disability (e.g., autism, intellectual disability, orthopedic impairment) that affects their educational performance and requires special education services.
- What is the Rehabilitation Act? Sec 504?
o Rehabilitation Act (1973): Prohibits discrimination based on disability in federally funded programs.
o Section 504: Ensures equal access to education and accommodations for students with disabilities.
. List the two non-disability conditions
o Obesity & pregnancy.
- What constitutes reasonable and feasible accommodations? What doesn’t qualify?
o Reasonable: Adjustments that don’t impose an undue burden (e.g., ramps, extra time on tests).
o Unreasonable: Changes that fundamentally alter a program or cause significant financial strain.
- What is the Amateur Sports Act?
o Ensures athletes with disabilities have equal access to sports and competition opportunities.
- What is the difference between the social and medical model of disability?
o Medical Model: Views disability as a problem within the person that needs to be fixed.
o Social Model: Focuses on barriers in society that create disability (e.g., lack of accessibility).
- What is the difference between a public accommodation and public service under the ADA?
- Public Accommodation: Private businesses (e.g., hotels, restaurants) that must be accessible.
- Public Service: Government-funded programs (e.g., public schools, transit).
What are Titles I-IV about for ADA?
- Title I: Employment rights
- Title II: Public services and transportation
- Title III: Public accommodations (businesses)
- Title IV: Telecommunications access
- At what level of the spinal cord does an injury become paraplegia instead of tetraplegia?
- Below T1 (thoracic level) = Paraplegia
- Above T1 (cervical level) = Tetraplegia/Quadriplegia
- What are methods of accommodation for hearing and sight-impaired students?
- Hearing: Sign language interpreters, visual cues, written instructions.
- Sight: Braille, verbal descriptions, tactile markers.
- What are methods of accommodation for persons with Down syndrome?
- Simplified instructions, visual aids, peer support, extra time for tasks.
- What are methods of accommodation for persons with a speech impairment?
- Augmentative communication devices, written communication, patience in listening.
- What are rules of social etiquette for working with people with disabilities?
- Speak directly to the person, don’t assume help is needed, use person-first language, and respect personal space.
- What should be included in an IEP-related goal?
- By when: Timeframe
- Who: Student
- Will do what: Measurable skill
- Under what conditions: Equipment, setup
- At what proficiency: Accuracy or efficiency level
- ADA Size Requirements:
Doorway width:
Hallway width
* Ramp slope
Counter height:
- Doorway width: 32 inches
- Hallway width: 36 inches
- Ramp slope: 1:12 (1 inch rise per 12 inches length)
- Counter height: 34 inches max
- ADA Size Requirements:
Water fountain heigh
Bathroom/Shower Stall Area
Clear space adjacent to exercise machines
Handrails in restrooms:
Objects protruding from walls
Seating in sports arenas:
* Parking spaces:
Water fountain height: 36 inches max
Bathroom/Shower Stall Area: 5 ft x 5 ft (minimum turn space)
* Clear space adjacent to exercise machines: 30 x 48 inches
* Handrails in restrooms: 34–38 inches high
* Objects protruding from walls: No more than 4 inches
* Seating in sports arenas: Wheelchair spaces distributed throughout venue
* Parking spaces: 1 assecoble parking spot for every 25 normal parking spots 1:25
- Down Syndrome & Related Conditions:
Genetic disorder cause intellectual disability, hypotonia (lack of muscle tone), and developmental delays.
- Least Restrictive Environmen
: Placing students with disabilities in general education as much as possible.
- Individualized Education Plan (IEP):
): A written plan detailing services & goals for students with disabilities.
- Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE):
Guarantees special education at no cost under IDEA.
Person-First Language:
Saying “person with a disability” instead of “disabled person.”
- Orthostatic Hypotension:
Drop in blood pressure when changing positions.
Autonomic Dysreflexia:
Dangerous rise in blood pressure in people with spinal cord injuries above T6.
Thermoregulation:
Body’s ability to control temperature.
Spasticity:
Involuntary muscle stiffness or spasms.
Hemiplegia:
Paralysis on one side of the body.
Paraplegia:
: Paralysis below the waist.
- Quadriplegia/Tetraplegia:
Paralysis of all four limbs.
Diplegia:
: Paralysis affecting symmetrical body parts (e.g., both legs).
- Teachback Method
Asking students to repeat instructions to confirm understanding.
- IFSP (Individualized Family Service Plan): Services
Services for infants & toddlers with disabilities (ages 0-3).
- IPEP (Individualized Physical Education Plan
): Plan for students needing adapted PE services but not a full IEP.
- Section 504 Plan
Accommodations for students with disabilities who don’t qualify for special education under IDEA.
Fragile X Syndrome:
Genetic condition causing intellectual disability, similar to autism.
Spina Bifda
Neural tube defect affecting spinal cord development.
Hypertension:
High blood pressure.
Autism Characteristics:
Difficulty with communication, repetitive behaviors, sensory sensitivity, & social interaction.
