Exam 1 Review Flashcards
mnemonic Sample
S (Signs and Symptoms)
A (Allergies)
-What are you allergic to?
-What happens if exposed to it?
M (Medications)
-What medications are you on?
-When was the last time you took them?
-Are you compliant with them?
P (Past and Pertinent Medical History)
-What is your past medical history?
-Have you been hospitalized for this kind of thing before?
-How did other medical providers care for you?
L (Last oral intake)
-When and what was the last thing you have eaten
E (Events leading up)
-Anything in your life that could have caused this to happen?
-What were you doing when this happened
Suction Technique (4 steps) and Time
1) check that vacuum is adequate (-300 mmHg) by kinking hose or covering hose
2) Insert tip only as far as you can see with no suction on
3) apply suction and withdraw in a circular motion
Adult- 15s
Child- 10s
Infant- 5s
4) ventilate patient for 1-2 minutes after
Nervous System (Components)
Central Nervous System
-Brain and Spinal Cord
Peripheral
-Sensory nerves (carries information from body to central nervous system)
-Motor nerves (from central to muscles)
Types of Messages From Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
-What we control (walking)
Autonomic Nervous System
-What we don’t have control over (sweating and digestion)
Sympathetic Nervous System
-Fight or Flight
Parasympathetic
-slows body down (like going to sleep)
Functions of the skin
1) First line of defense for immune system
2) waterproofs body
3) major receptor of touch
4) maintains body temp
Minor Burns (Classification)
-3rd degree on 2% and less
-2nd degree on 15% and less
-1st degree on 50% and less
Severe/Critical Burns (classification)
-Burns that cause respiratory injury
-Burns complicated by fractures
-any moderate burn on an adult on patients younger than 5 and older than 55
-3rd degree on hands, feet, face, genitalia, and upper airway
-3rd degree (10% and up)
-2nd degree (30% and up)
visceral pleura vs parietal pleura
visceral (inside lungs)
parietal pleura (outside lungs)
Assessment and Treatment of Electrical Burn (5 steps)
Look out for cardiac and respiratory arrest
1)BSI and scene safety
2) have live wires disconnected by other professionals
3) treat as regular burn
4) treat entrance and exit wounds
5) transport and manage for shock
Early signs of shock
Nervous system
-sympathetic nervous system activates and patient experienced fight or flight and is agitated and anxious
Circulatory system
-tachypneic, tachycardia, and hypertensive
Skin
-pale, cool and diaphoretic
Eyes
-dilation of pupils
Late signs of shock
Pulses
-absent or weak
Blood pressure
-drop
Consciousness
-loss
treatment for shock (7 steps)
1) BSI and scene safety
2) call for als
3) ABC assessment
4) C spine stabilization
5) Administer high con oxygen
6) Shock management
7) transport
keep patient warm
evisceration (definition and treatment)
definition: vowel loop protruding from abdomen
treatment:
1) BSI scene safety
2) check ABC
3) control bleeding
4) cover the bowel with a moistened dressing and seal on all 4 sides with an occlusive dressing over that
5) treat patient for shock and transport in shock position
amputation (treatment)
1) BSI scene safety
2) ABC check
3) control bleeding by applying direct pressure to stump
4) wrap stump in moist sterile dressing then with dry dressing (moist then dry)
5)if bleeding controlled, apply pressure dressing to wound
6) treat for shock
7) IF hemostatic dressing available and bleed persists, undo dressings and apply hemostatic dressing
8) then put a pressure bandage
9) only use a tourniquet if past 2 dressings fail
10) SEVERED PART GOES IN A PLASTIC CONTAINER AND PLACED ON ICE (MUST NOT BE FROZEN)
