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Herpetology 2023 Exam 2 > Exam 1 review > Flashcards

Exam 1 review Flashcards

1
Q

The word Herpetology is derived from the ____ words “Herpein” and “Herpeton” meaning “reptile and creepy”

A

Greek

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2
Q

The Egyptian God of good health was represented by a

A

Cobra

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3
Q

The Roman god of good health, _______, pictured as 2 intertwining snakes, is now the symbol of medicine

A

Aesclepius

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4
Q

Which of these individuals was the oldest contributer to the knowledge Herpetology?

A

John Ray

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5
Q

Early and “weird” looking amphibians which have become extinct without leaving any descendants, belonged to the group ____________

A

Lepospondyls

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6
Q

Which of these authored the most used field guide of amphibians and reptiles of NE America

A

Joseph Collins and Roger Conant

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7
Q

Today, live venemous snakes are used in famous religious rituals in_______

A

India and N. America

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8
Q

Copeia is the name of a

A

Herpetological and Ichthyology journal

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9
Q

The opening to the cloaca of most amphibians and reptiles is the

A

vent

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10
Q

According to the most recent systematics, which of these is not a frog family>

A

Xenophidae

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11
Q

the “claws” and “spades” of some frogs, feet skin elements, are made of

A

keratin

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12
Q

The longest lungless tetrapod is a

A

caecilian

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13
Q

The sperm package deposited by most male salamanders is called

A

spermatophore

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14
Q

toxic glans on the back of the head of some amphibians is ____

A

paratoid gland

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15
Q

Which one of these herpetologists is famous for his contributions to “Amphibian Biology” and published a major book with such a name?

A

Duellman

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16
Q

The largest salamanders in the world are found in _________

A

CHINA/JAPAN

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17
Q

The cloacal chamber that stores sperm in females of many species of salamanders is the

A

spermatheca

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18
Q

Which of these always lacks legs?

A

caecilians

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19
Q

characteristic of toad morphology and taxonomic significance is the

A

cranial crests

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20
Q

The Batrachiomorpha is a taxonomic name encompassing all the

A

primitive ancestors to all modern amphibians

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21
Q

The native members of the family Pipidae live only in

A

Africa and South America

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22
Q

The presence of 2 lateral vocal sacs are distinct traits of the family _____

A

Ranidae

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23
Q

A flagellum is a morphological trait of the ___________

A

tail of some tadpoles

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24
Q

Annuli and secondary annuli are unique characteristics of ____

A

adult caecilians

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25
Q

A major blood vessel part of the aortic arches and unique to amphibians is called the

A

pulmocutaneous trunk

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26
Q

The inguinal patch of anurans is involved in ______________

A

water regulation

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27
Q

which one of these families of frogs has toe pads?

A

Hylidae and centrolenidae

28
Q

Which one of these cells changes the skin color of amphibians and reptiles depending on the angle of incidence of the light?

A

iridophores

29
Q

which of these taxa is characterized by being fossorial and having short tails/lacking one?

A

Gymnophiona

30
Q

Teeth located in sockets within the jaw bones are known as _____

A

thecodont

31
Q

the bones that most often bear teeth in frogs are the _________-

A

maxilla and premaxilla

32
Q

Abdominal ribs, belly original skeletal elements, are found in some members of the genus _____________

A

leiopelma

33
Q

The pectoral girdle associated with the most advanced/derived anurans is known as ______________

A

firmisternal

34
Q

The large external tympanum is a structure characteristic of nearly all ______

A

toads and frogs

35
Q

Cranial crests are found in _______

A

all toads

36
Q

The costal groove, unique characteristic of some amphibians, are found _________

A

none of these (circling the dorsal side of body)

37
Q

Sexual determination in amphibians takes place via

A

chromosomal sex determination

38
Q

Which one of these amphibians is well known for its complex group of hybrids and triploid species

A

Pelophylax (Rana) esculenta

39
Q

Which group of amphibians DOES NOT have, at all, a copulatory organ

A

Caudata

40
Q

Which one of these families contains species with the distinct trait known as nasolabial groove?

A

Plethodontidae

41
Q

Which one of these groups of amphibians has no external ear?

A

salamanders and caecilians

42
Q

Most advanced caecilians have a skill classified to as ________ with respect to kinesis

A

stegokrotaphic

43
Q

A dorsolateral fold is a morphological trait characteristic of some ________

A

frogs

44
Q

Caecilians are the least diverse group of extant Lissamphibia with approximately ___________ known species

A

190

45
Q

Which of these morphological traits is unique to the order Gymnophiona?

A

protrusible rostral tentacle

46
Q

The Bidder’s organ is an original and characteristic anuran structure with a role in __________

A

reproduction

47
Q

Which one of these families of frogs are known as the glass frogs

A

Centrolenidae

48
Q

Which one of these groups of fish are considered the common ancestor to all terrestrial tetrapods?

A

Sarcopterygii

49
Q

Which one of these conditions refers to the derived, more ossified and less kinetic pectoral girdle in frogs?

A

firmisternal

50
Q

which term refers to the skeletal elements articulating tha jaws and the cranium in vertebrates

A

Suspensorium

51
Q

Which one of these general contain extremely toxic species

A

Oophaga

52
Q

The “spiracle” is an important respiratory characteristic of the larvae of _______

A

frogs

53
Q

The group of early terrestrial tetrapods in direct line of evolution of true modern amphibians were the

A

Temnospondylia

54
Q

The primitive fish who evolved into first tetrapods are relatives of today’s living __________-

A

Caelancaths and Dipnoi

55
Q

Members of the family Bufonidae are unique among amphibians because they ________

A

have no teeth

56
Q

Which one of these scientists wrote a large series of books entitled “Biology of Reptilia”

A

Gans

57
Q

The most modern and accepted school of systematics is called _____

A

cladistics

58
Q

Which of these taxonomic groups are not acceptable evolutionary units of modern systematics?

A

Paraphyletic and polyphyletic

59
Q

2 occipital condyles are determining characteristics of the anatomy of _____

A

frogs, caecilians, and salamanders

60
Q

Buccal pump

A

method of ventilation used in respiration in which the animal moves the floor of its mouth in a rhythmic manner that is externally apparent. It is the sole means of inflating the lungs in amphibians.

61
Q

Ichthyostega

A

One of the first weight-bearing tetrapods recorded. It was the most terrestrial, had more derived shoulder girdles, and less digits. It, along with Acanthostega (more primitive) are referred to as Icthyostegalia which gave rise to all modern amphibians and reptiles

62
Q

Firmisternal

A

derived, more ossified and less kinetic pectoral girdle in frogs

63
Q

Labyrinthodont tooth

A

a type of tooth made up of infolded enamel that provides a grooved and strongly reinforced structure. It is characteristic of Temnospondyls

64
Q

Eusthenopteron

A

it was the first offshoot of Crossopterygii and was basically a fish with primitive legs and lungs. It gave rise to what eventually because Ichthyostega which was terrestrial and then amphibians and reptiles

65
Q

Chickilidae

A

A family of caecilians. They are fossorial and have modified skulls adapted for burrowing.

66
Q

Unken reflex

A

When some salamanders, toads, and frogs are threatened, they will adopt a passive defensive posture in which they twist their bodies so their head and tail are up. They often expose warning coloration on the undersides. An example of an animal that does this is the Fire-bellied toad

67
Q

Triadobatrachus

A

It an ancestral fossil that gave rise to modern day frogs. It is considered to be the first frog. Some frogs still share the name “batrachus”

Herpetology 2023 Exam 2 (1 decks)

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