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NURS 623 Exam 1 > Exam 1 Review > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

As a general assessment, the estimated level of hematocrit is how many times the value of the hemoglobin?

A

Three

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2
Q

Sally a 35-year-old present to your office with a vesicular, weeping, linear rash, body aches. She reveals she has been doing yard work. What is your initial diagnosis?

A

Contact Dermatitis

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3
Q

Tori is on systemic antifungals for a bad tinea infection, You are aware that that may cause

A

Hepatoxicity

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4
Q

What is the mainstay of management for infectious mononucleosis?

A

Symptom control

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5
Q

Which of the following is the most cost effective screening test to determine HIV infection?

A

ELISA

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6
Q

Josh, aged 22, has tinea versicolor, which description is the most likely for this condition?

A

There are round hypo-pigmented macules on his back

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7
Q

Ruben, age 24 years, has HIV and just had a routine viral load test done. The results show a decreased viral load and increased CD4 this represents what

A

favorable prognostic trend

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8
Q

Normocytic anemia is defined as an MCV of what?

A

MCV 80 - 96

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9
Q

A common mode of transmission of scabies include

A

A common mode of transmission of scabies include

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10
Q

The most common clinical manifestation of Sjorgen’s Syndrome are:

A

corneal dryness and lack of saliva

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11
Q

During treatment of anaphylaxis, what site is used for the initial injection of epinephrine?

A

Upper lateral Thigh

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12
Q

A patient presents with complaints of fatigue, malaise, arthralgia, positive ANA, oral ulcers, your tentative dx is:

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

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13
Q

After the initial treatment for anaphylaxis, which medication should be added to prevent late phased reactions?

A

corticosteroids

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14
Q

A NP understands that a chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the synovial joints causing pain, swelling malaise, and weight loss with symptoms worse in the mornings is the basic pathophysiological diagnosis of?

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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15
Q

Which of the following is a linear crack extending from the epidermis to the dermis?

A

Fissure

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16
Q

Thick and leathery skin that is usually the result of scratching or rubbing usually seen with atopic dermatitis

A

Lichenification

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17
Q

George is a 59 year old male who complains of flu like illness, including fever, chills, and myalgia, after returning from a trip to New England. He reports a rash - a red spot that grew in size on his right leg. What disease are you considering

A

Lyme’s disease

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18
Q

An 18 year old present to your clinic with multiple, scattered, discrete vesicular lesions on her forehead, with “honey colored, stuck on” crusts and erosions in some of the lesions. The skin culture yields Staph aureus. What is your diagnosis?

A

impetigo

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19
Q

Iron deficiency anemia is an example of:

A

microcytic hypochromic

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20
Q

What is the most appropriate treatment for the diagnosis of folliculitis?

A

Topical mupirocin (Bactroban) 2% ointment BID

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21
Q

What is the most common rosacea trigger

A

sun exposure

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22
Q

Elizabeth, 83, presents with a 3-day history of pain and burning in the left forehead. This morning she noticed a rash with erythematous papules in the at site. What do you suspect?

A

herpes zoster

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23
Q

A patient is complaining of severe pruritus that is worse at night. Several family members have the same symptoms. Upon examination, areas of excoriated papules are noted on some of the interdigital webs of both hands and the axillae. This is most consistent with

A

scabies

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24
Q

Mrs. Hubbard, age 45, is complaining of generalized morning stiffness especially in both her wrists and hands. It is much worse in the morning and lasts for a few hours. She also complains of fatigue and generalized body aches that have been present for the past few months. Which of the following is most likely?

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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25
Q

Which of the following is positive in a large percentage of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?

A

ANA

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26
Q

What is the first line treatment for Lyme’s Stage 1 & 2

A

Stage 1: Doxycycline and Amoxicillin
Stage 2: Doxycycline and Azithromycin

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27
Q

What type of leukemia would you see bone and joint pain?

A

Acute leukemia

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28
Q

What type of leukemia would you see night sweats and fatigue

A

Chronic leukemia

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29
Q

What is the most common type of anemia

A

iron deficiency anemia (IDA)

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30
Q

What type of anemia includes Vit B12 deficiency, alcoholism, liver disease, use of methotrexate?

A

Macrocytic-Normochromic

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31
Q

What type of anemia includes Sickle cell anemia, acute blood loss, chronic bone disease

A

Normocytic-normochromic

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32
Q

What type of anemia includes Iron Deficiency, thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia

A

Microcytic-Hypochromic

33
Q

Most common diagnostic test for lyme disease

A

ELISA

34
Q

What are 2 examples of a parasitic infection?

A

Scabies & Pediculosis (lice)

35
Q

What are the s/s of IDA

A

stomatitis, glossitis (burning tongue), brittle fingernails, platonychia (flat nails), koilonychia(spoon nails), PICA

36
Q

Rough and thick (leathery) markings found with atopic dermatitis

A

Lichenification

37
Q

What is a benign subcutaneous tumor consisting of adipose tissue?

A

Lipoma

38
Q

Primary Lesion that is <1cm and flat usually seen with petechiae?

A

Macule

39
Q

Primary Lesion that is small fluid filled usually seen with herpes?

A

Vesicle

40
Q

Primary Lesions > 1cm and raised usually seen with warts and sebaceous cysts

A

Papules and Nodules

41
Q

Lesion that is >1cm, raised, clear fluid filled seen with blisters?

A

Bulla

42
Q

Primary Lesion that is raised and filled with pus seen with acne

A

pustule

43
Q

Primary symptom is pruritis, with skin lesions of mild erythema to severe lichenification, presents as red patches with white scales on top

A

Eczema (Atopic dermatitis)

44
Q

Treatment for Eczema (atopic dermatitis)

A

MOISTURIZE avoid triggers topical steroids, oral antihistamines at night If wet: Burow’s solution, saline, or silver nitrate to dry out

45
Q

Most common in middle-aged to older adults, and it affects women more than men and usually it has to have at least one month at least of bilateral shoulder pain (mimics RA with symptoms being worse in the morning)

A

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

46
Q

What causes reduced ROM of shoulders with Polymyalgia Rheumatica

A

Pain NOT joint swelling

47
Q

Inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous gland and its accompanying hair follicle primarily located on the face but also on the chest, back, & upper outer arm

A

acne vulgaris

48
Q

What are some treatments for acne vulgaris

A

Tretinonin (retin-a), topical and systemic (benzoyl peroxide & mycine), Isotretinoin(Acutane), BCP

49
Q

A skin condition primarily centrally on the face, chronic, persistent erythema, telangiectasia, erythematous papules, and can cause a bulbous nose.

A

Rosacea

50
Q

What are triggers of rosacea?

A

Sun exposure, hot/cold weather, hot spicy aged drinks/foods

51
Q

Highly contagious.Honey crusted plaques, usually on face
Bullous: begin as small vesicles that rupture easily with serous fluid turning into crust; dirty yellow-colored crust with erythematous margins

A

Impetigo (bacterial infection)

52
Q

Treatment for impetigo

A

Bactroban TID x 7d, PO Keflex; augmentin; cloxacillin; With no treatment, it is self-limiting 2-3 wks

53
Q

Erythematous round and elevated pruritic lesion that grows in size & starts to clear in the center

A

Tinea corporis (Ringworm of body)

54
Q

Treatment for Tinea corporis (Ringworm of body)

A

Miconazole 2% cream BID x4 weeks, Clotrimazole 1%, Terbafine 1%

55
Q

Painless bald spot on scalp, may have kerion that looks like honeycomb, inflammation. Boggy mass containing broken hairs and oozing purulent material from follicular orifices (common in children)

A

Tinea capitus (ringworm of head)

56
Q

Round or oval lesions of hypo or hyperpigmentation macule, located mainly on back chest, arms, sometimes neck/face. (may have very fine scales)

A

Tinea versicolor (skin, AKA pityriasis versicolor)

57
Q

Treatment for Tinea versicolor (skin, AKA pityriasis versicolor)

A

Clotrimazole 1% cream and solution BID up to 4 weeks

58
Q

Treatment for lupus

A

Symptom control, NSAIDS, severe cases get immunosuppressants

59
Q

Salmon-colored macule initially, may be mistaken for ringworm. Next several weeks = generalized exanthem with mild to moderate pruritis, Christmas tree

A

Pityriasis rosea

60
Q

treatment for pityriasis rosea

A

Self-limited, sunlight may help, symptomatic control for itching

61
Q

Scalp, forehead, eyebrows, area around nose/ears, Scaly, greasy rash - skin is pink, edematous, and covered with yellow to brown scales and crust One of most common in adult and elderly, Parkinsons, HIV (not contagious)

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

62
Q

Treatment for seborrheic dermatitis

A

OTC dandruff shampoo/ ketoconazole; superinfection Cephalexin 7-10 d

63
Q

AKA “cradle cap”?

A

seborrheic dermatitis

64
Q

Superficial to deep skin infection (staph) of the hair follicles, bumpy rash, no itching; Multiple small papules on erythematous base, can be large yellow-white tender pustules in adults

A

folliculitis

65
Q

Treatment for folliculitis

A

TAO can be used BID for 5 days. Oral ABT 1st gen cephalo. if resistant

66
Q

Treatment for lupus

A

Symptom Control, NSAIDs for pain, track course with f/u labs and UA

67
Q

Degenerative joint disease. Most common chronic condition of the joints. Minimal or no swelling, tenderness, crepitus is common but late finding. Effusion in larger joints?

A

Osteoarthritis

68
Q

What is the pain criteria for fibromyalgia

A

Pain in 11/18 trigger point >3 months

69
Q

Risk factors for Sjogren’s

A

RA or SLE, women, 40 and older

70
Q

What is the 99% confirmation test for HIV?

A

Western Blot (confirmatory test)

71
Q

If you see changes in the MCV, MCH what lab test should be added as the single most accurate test for determining IDA

A

ferritin

72
Q

What pt ed do you provide when start a pt on iron supplement?

A

take on an empty stomach with water or juice 1 hr before or 2 hrs after a meal, avoid taking with milk or calcium, if upsets stomach can take immediately after meal

73
Q

How is mono transmitted?

A

droplets/saliva

74
Q

What virus causes mono?

A

EBV

75
Q

How long should someone take it easy after Mono diagnosis?

A

4 weeks

76
Q

treatment for mono

A

Supportive care with Tylenol or NSAIDs. Adequate fluids

77
Q

Treatment for contact dermatitis?

A

triamcinolone cream, oral or IM steroid, use lower dose sparingly on face

78
Q

What lab findings are presented with scleroderma

A

Will have abnormal PFTs, Pulmonary HTN, Aspiration Pneumonia, ANA elevated to greater than 1:80

79
Q

Well-circumscribed, raised, erythematous papules and plaques, covered with silvery- white scales, usually involving extensor areas in adults such as the elbows and knees, the scalp, and, in some forms, the flexural surfaces

A

Psoriasis

NURS 623 Exam 1 (6 decks)

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