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Biostats > Exam #1 Review > Flashcards

Exam #1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is nominal data?

A

Unordered data meaning that order and magnitude are not important

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2
Q

What is ordinal data?

A

Ordered data meaning that difference between values don’t always have meaning

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3
Q

What is discrete data?

A

Numbers are measured quantities. Quantites are restricted to specify values (integers or counts). Can also be summarized like 2.7 kids/household

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4
Q

What is continuous data?

A

Numbers are not restricted. Ex: temperature

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5
Q

Types of data:

Height and parent height (in inches)

A

Continuous

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6
Q

Types of data:

Resting heart rate?

A

Continuous

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7
Q

Types of data:

More education or get a job?

A

Nominal

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8
Q 
Types of data:
Pet preference (dog, cat)
A

Nominal

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9
Q

Types of data:

Shoe size?

A

Discrete

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10
Q

Types of data:

Level of importance (very, somewhat, not important)?

A

Ordinal

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11
Q

Types of data:

Hours of sleep per night?

A

Continuous

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12
Q

Types of data:

Early or late

A

Nominal

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13
Q

Types of data:

Number of siblings?

A

Discrete

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14
Q

Types of data:

Ounces of caffeinated beverages?

A

Continuous

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15
Q 
Types of data:
Political party (democrat, republican, other, none)
A

Nominal

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16
Q 
Types of data:
Quantitative skills (1-10)
A

Ordinal/discrete

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17
Q

Types of graphs used for nominal and ordinal data?

A

Bar graph and pie chart

18
Q

Types of graphs used for continuous or discrete data?

A

Histogram, box plot, scatterplot

19
Q

Types of data:

Level of pain (minimal, moderate, severe)

A

Oridinal

20
Q

Types of data:

Shoe length?

A

Continuous

21
Q

The risk or chance that a particular event will occur?

A

Probability

22
Q

The ________ of an event A, denoted by Ā, consists of all outcomes in which event A does not occur

A

Complement

23
Q

3 operations of events can occur with probability:

A

Intersection
Union
Complement

24
Q

What is intersection of A and B?

A

Both A and B occur (A ∩ B)

25
Q

What is union of A and B?

A

Either A or B or both occur (A U B)

26
Q

What is complement of A (Ā)?

A

The probability A does NOT occur

27
Q

What is a mutually exclusive event?

A

Two events that cannot occur simultaneously (ex: cannot get heads and tails from flipping one coin)

28
Q

What are not mutually exclusive events?

A

Two events that CAN occur simultaneously (ex: flipping two coins and getting both heads)

29
Q

What is an independent event?

A

The occurence of event A does not affect whether B occurs

30
Q

True or false:

Independent events and mutually exclusive events are not the same thing.

A

True

31
Q

Independent event or mutually exclusive event?

If A occurs, then B is not affected.

A

Independent event

32
Q

Independent event or mutually exclusive event?

If A occurs, B CANNOT occur.

A

Mutually exclusive event

33
Q

The ________ ________ is the probability event B will occur given that event A has already occurred.

A

Conditional probability

P(A ∩ B)) / P(A

34
Q

Measures of central tendency include:

A

Mean, median, mode

35
Q

Measures of dispersion spread include:

A

Range, interquartile range, variance or standard deviation

36
Q

Ways continuous data can be distributed include:

A

Symmetric
Bimodal
Skewed

37
Q

Expresses the relationship between mean and SD by showing the amount of variability in relation to size of mean.

A

Coefficient of Variation (CV)

38
Q

What is any characteristic that can be measured or categorized?

A

Variable

39
Q

A _______ ________ is a variable that can take on either a finite number of values (each with an associated probabilty) or an infinite number of values whose probabilites are summarized by a density function.

A

Random variable

40
Q

Type of distribution that includes a variable that can take on a finite number of values (each with an associated probabilty). An example of this is rolling a die.

A

Binomial distribution

41
Q

Type of distribution that includes a variable with an infinite number of values whose probabilities are summarized by a density funtion. An example of this is height in U.S. population.

A

Normal distribution

42
Q

Assumptions that must be met when using the binomial distribution include:

A
  1. ) There are a fixed number of trials n, each of which results in one of two mutually exclusive outcomes.
  2. ) The outcomes of the n trials are independent.
  3. ) The probability of success p is constant of each trial

Biostats (1 decks)

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