exam 1: regional names/ directional terms/ planes and sections Flashcards
cephalic
head
cranial
skull
facial
face
fontal
forehead
temporal
temple
orbital or ocular
eye
otic
ear
buccal
cheek
nasal
nose
oral
mouth
mental
chin
cervical
neck
thoracic
chest
sternal
breast bone
axillary
armpit
brachial
arm
mammary
breast
antecubital
front of elbow
umbilical
navel (belly button)
coxal
hip
antebrachial
forearm
carpal
wrist
palmar or volar
palm
digital or phalangeal
fingers
inguinal
groin
pollex
thumb
pelvic
pelvis
manual
hand
femoral
thigh
pubic
pubis
patellar
anterior surface of knee
crural
leg
pedal
foot
tarsal
ankle
digital or phalangeal
toes
dorsum
top of foot
hallux
great toe (big toe)
occipital
base of skull
scapular
shoulder blade
vertebral
spinal column
olecranal or cubital
back of elbow
doral
back
lumbar
loin (lower back)
sacral
between hips
gluteal
buttocks
perineal
region of anus and external genitals
dorsum
back of hand
popliteal
hallow behind knee
sural
calf
plantar
sole of foot
calcaneal
heel
anterior/ventral
front view of patient
posterior/dorsal
back side
ipsilateral
term used to describe something on the same side ex: right arm right leg
contralateral
term used to describe something on the opposite side ex: right arm left leg
prone
laying on stomach
supine
laying on back
proximal
close proximity to trunk
distal
away from trunk
plane/ section
- imaginary line/ pane of glass
- divide body and to view certain areas
sagittal plane/ midsagittal
- vertical orientation
- two sections: right and left side
(think Side)
parasagittal
- same line as sagittal but off the midline (either a little to the right or left)
frontal/ coronal plane
- front and back of body
- anterior and posterior
- ventricle and dorsal
(term can be used interchangeably)
transverse plane
- horizontal
- superior/ inferior
(think Top)
oblique plane
- inclines towards horizon
- angled line
body cavities
- spaces in the human body that contain organs
- must be enclosed/ have barriers
what separates one cavity from another?
membranes, ribs, muscles
cranial cavity
- formed by cranial bones and contains brain
- bone: cranium
vertebral canal
- formed by vertebral column and contains spinal cord and the beginnings of spinal nerves
- bone: vertebrae
thoracic cavity
- chest cavity
- SUBCAVITIES: plural cavity, pericardial cavity, and mediastinum cavity
SUBCAVITY: two pleural cavity
pleural cavity: surrounds each lung, the serous membrane (enclosing) of each pleural (right and left) cavity is the pleural sacs.
SUBCAVITY: pericardial cavity
surrounds the heart; the serous membrane of the pericardial cavity is the pericardium
SUBCAVITY: mediastinum (anatomical region)
central portion of thoracic cavity between the medial walls of the two pleural sacs and extends from the sternum to the vertebral column, and from the first rib to the diaphragm. the mediastinum contains all thoracic organs except the lungs themselves. Among the structures in the mediastinum are the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and several large blood vessels that enter and leave the heart.
abdominopelvic cavity
extends from the diaphragm to the groin and is encircled by the abdominal muscle wall and the bones and muscles of the pelvis. the abdominopelvic cavity is divided into two portions, even though no wall separates them. the superior portion is the abdominal cavity
abdominopelvic subcavity: abdominal cavity
contains the kidneys, suprarenal glands, stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, and most of the large intestine. the serous membrane is peritoneum membrane
abdominopelvic subcavity: pelvic cavity
contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction
posterior/ dorsal
towards back of body
anterolateral
situated or occurring in the front and side
parietal
lines outer layer of organ
visceral
lines inner layer of organ
epigastric region
upper middle area of the abdominopelvic
which line separates the epigastric region and the umbilical region?
subcostal line
transtubercular line separates the umbilical region from which other region?
hypogastric region
term that refers to midway between the two clavicles?
midclavicular
another term for posterior?
dorsal
term that refers to the nose or beak
rostrum
term that refers to the tail
caudal
another term for anterior
ventral
regional anatomy is the study of…
specific body areas
viscera
organs inside the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
