Exam 1 pt ii Flashcards
Rep. Genera:
Opuntia (prickly pear)
Cylindropuntia (cholla)
Cactaceae
Habit: herbs & shrubs almost always succulent
Cactaceae
Leaves: spines; born on areoles(short stems); glochids - fine hairs, probably derived from trichomes
Cactaceae
Habit: many succulent stems/leaves; halophytic (salt tolerant); xerophytic (tolerant of dry areas)
Chenopodiaceae
Rep. Genera:
Chenopodium
Atriplex
Salicornia
Chenopodiaceae
Leaves: fleshy/reduced to scales; often w/conspicuous trichomes, glands or salt on surface
Flowers: green & inconspicuous
Chenopodiaceae
Rep. Genera: Dudleya Sedum Crassula ovata Aeonium
Crassulaceae
stonecrop family
Crassulaceae
goosefoot family
Chenopodiaceae
cactus family
Cactaceae
Habit: succulent & gen herbaceous.
Leaves: simple, entire, fleshy; often in rosettes (basal) or dense clusters; margin often red.
Gynoecium: pistils unfused (apocarpous), gen 5.
Crassulaceae
Rep. Genera:
Geranium
Pelargonium
Erodium
Geraniaceae
Leaves: gen w/essential oils, highly fragrant; often lobed/highly dissected.
Gynoecium: pistils gen 5, syncarpous, form 5-chambered ovary; gynoecium forms elongated “beak” at distal end.
Fruit: capsule(s), beak shape; metro carps 5.
Geraniaceae
Rep. Genera: Clarkia Camissonia/Camissoniopsis Oenothera Epilobium Fuschia
Onagraceae
Calyx: sepals gen 4.
Corolla: petals gen 4.
Androecium: 2x or = # stamens to petals, distinct or adnate to hypanthium.
Gynoecium: pistil 1, 4-chambered inferior ovary; style 1, stigma lobes gen 4 (= # sepals).
Onagraceae
Rep. Genera: Poa (meadow/bluegrass) Bambusa (bamboo) Saccharum (sugar cane) Zea (corn)
Poaceae
Leaves: simple, alt, 2-ranked; parallel veined; gen linear; ligule (projection of leaf sheath) at leaf base; sheath open.
Stems: round, internodes hollow, nodes cauline, basal meristems.
Flowers: minute(very small), on infl.
And: stamens gen 3.
Gyn: stigmas 2, gen plumose (fluffy).
Fruit: grain (caryopsis)- seed fused to fruit wall.
Poaceae
graminaceae; grass family
Poaceae
evening primrose family
Onagraceae
sedge family
Cyperaceae
Rep Genera:
Cyperus
Scirpus
Carex
Cyperaceae
Habit: gen herb perennial in wet places.
Leaves: blade 0/simple, alt, 3-ranked; parallel veined, gen linear; no ligule, sheath closed.
Stems: 3-sided, gen solid (not hollow like grasses).
Flowers: minute, on infl.
And: stamens gen 3.
Gyn: stigmas 2, gen plumose.
Cyperaceae
Sedges have \_\_\_\_, Rushes are \_\_\_\_, & Grasses are \_\_\_\_, (or have nodes) all the way to the ground.
edges,
round,
hollow
Rep Genera:
Juncus
Luzula
Juncaeae
Habit: gen herbaceous perennial in wet places.
Leaves: shear margins w/’ear-like’ projections.
Stems: round & solid.
Perianth: petals & sepals 6, similar (tepals); brown +/- purple black.
And: stamens gen 6 (2,3).
Juncaceae
Flowers: infl spike-like or spherical; staminate fls distal; pistillate fls proximal; fls densely packed.
Typhaceae
Rep. Genera:
Salix (willow)
Populus (cottonwood)
Salicaceae
Rep. Genera:
Salix (willow)
Populus (cottonwood)
Salicaceae
Habit: shrub or tree, perennial, diecious (monoecious).
Leaves: trunk
Salicaceae
Habit: shrub or tree, perennial, diecious (monoecious).
Leaves: trunk
Salicaceae
Rep. Genera:
Euphorbia
Ricinus
Euphorbiaceae
Rep. Genera:
Euphorbia
Ricinus
Euphorbiaceae
Rep Genera:
Malva (mallow)
Fremontodendron (flannelbush)
Hibiscus
Malvaceae
Leaves: gen palmately lobed/veined, stellate trichomes (stem too).
And: stamens 5-many, filaments fuse into tube around style.
Fruit: 5-many part disk/wedge-shaped segments (mericarps). Ex - ‘cheeseweed’.
Malvaceae
Rep Genera:
Ceanothus
*2 sub-genera:
1) Euceanothus/Ceanothus
2) Cerastes
Rhamnus (buckthorn)
Frangula (coffee berry)Rhamnaceae
Leaves: stipules gen present (*ID for Ceanothus sub-genera).
Flowers: floral disc (variable to 0).
Corolla: petals 0,4,5, gen clawed (spoon-shape), alt sepals.
And: stamens = # sepals, alt sepals (‘opp petals’).
Gyn: ovary superior or inferior.
Rhamnaceae
buckthorn family
Rhamnaceae
gourd family
Curcurbitaceae
mallow family
Malvaceae
Rep Genera:
Curcurbita (pumpkins/gourds)
Marah (Indian cucumbers, manroots)
Curcurbitaceae
Habit: herbaceous vines w/tendrils.
Leaves: simple, alt, palmately veined, hairs (stem too).
Flowers: unisexual, plants gen monoecious.
Corolla: gen 5, partly fused.
And: stamens 5, fuse to form large central ‘lobe/stalk’.
Gyn: ovary large, inferior.
Fruit: pepo (berry w/thick rind).
Curcurbitaceae
Rep. Genera:
Rosa (roses)
Prunus (stonefruit)
Malus (apple)
Rosaceae
Leaves: often stipulate (can be fused), sometimes in fascicles.
Flowers: hypanthium present.
Calyx: sepals gen 5, free.
Corolla: petals gen 5, free.
And: stamens 5, 10-many.
Gyn: ovary superior to inferior.
Fruit: highly variable - achene/drupe/pome/follice/aggregate.
Rosaceae
Corolla: petals gen 5, free/fused or lower 2 united into keel.
And: often 9+1, w/9 often fused (diadelphous = stamens fused into 2 groups).
Fruit: legume (opens along 2 sutures.
Mimosoideae: INFL spike/head - often fuzzy sphere of stamens.
Fabaceae
banner, keel, wings
Fabaceae
legume family
Fabaceae
3 sub-families of Fabaceae
1) Caesalpinioideae (senna)
2) Papilionoideae (pea)
3) Mimosoideae (mimosa)
spurge family
Euphorbiaceae
cruciferaceae/ mustard family
Brassicaceae
rush family
Juncaceae
willow family
Salicaceae
Calyx: sepals 4, free.
Petals: 4(0), form a cross (Cruciferae name source).
And: if 6 = gen 4 long + 2 short (occ 3 pairs uneven length).
Fruit: capsules: silicle (short /= 3x width).
Brassicaceae
cattail family
Typhaceae
gourd family
Curcurbitaceae
Habit: some succ, mostly old world family, many w/milky sap.
Flowers: small/inconspicuous, unisexual (gen monoecious), INFL diverse/variable; cyathia - coloration provided by bracts (eg. poinsettia).
Gyn: ovary superior, deeply 3-lobed.
Fruit: capsule, gen 3-chambered, 1 seed per chamber - 3 lrg seeds in many spp.
Euphorbiaceae
a) flowers large/showy
b) no true petals/sepals
a) Cactaceae
b) Euphorbiaceae
Rep Genera:
Brassica (mustard)
Raphanus (radish)
Brassicaceae
Rep Genera:
Malva (mallow)
Fremontodendron (flannelbush)
Hibiscus
Malvaceae
Leaves: gen palmately lobed/veined, stellate trichomes (stem too).
And: stamens 5-many, filaments fuse into tube around style.
Fruit: 5-many part disk/wedge-shaped segments (mericarps). Ex - ‘cheeseweed’.
Malvaceae
Rep Genera:
Ceanothus
*2 sub-genera:
1) Euceanothus/Ceanothus
2) Cerastes
Rhamnus (buckthorn)
Frangula (coffee berry)Rhamnaceae
Leaves: stipules gen present (*ID for Ceanothus sub-genera).
Flowers: floral disc (variable to 0).
Corolla: petals 0,4,5, gen clawed (spoon-shape), alt sepals.
And: stamens = # sepals, alt sepals (‘opp petals’).
Gyn: ovary superior or inferior.
Rhamnaceae
buckthorn family
Rhamnaceae
