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med surg 2 > exam 1 pp > Flashcards

exam 1 pp Flashcards

1
Q 
Sudden Onset
Acute reduction in urine output 
Elevation of serum creatinine
GFR decreases / increases with recovery
Potentially reversible 
High mortality rate
A

Acute Kidney Injury

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2
Q

what stage and type of chronic kidney disease would the following be?

eGFR <15

A

5

end stage kidney failure

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3
Q

how long till you free the effects of synthroid

A

Takes several weeks – months to regulate

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4
Q

what stage and type of chronic kidney disease would the following be?

eGFR 89-60

A

2

proteinuria

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5
Q

hyperglycemia will show what type of fluid imbalance

A

fvd

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6
Q 
tachcardia
increased bp
bulging eyes
facial flushing
anxious 
cant sleep 
tachycardia 
severe weight loss despite eating 
T3 and T4 increase
tsh below normal
A

hyperthyroidism

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7
Q

cornerstone of therapy for type 2 diabetes ________) – doesn’t cause hypoglycemia

A

(METFORMIN

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8
Q

what is in the urine when diabetics have damage to kidneys?

A

protein

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9
Q

what stage and type of chronic kidney disease would the following be?

eGFR 29-15

A

4

end stage kidney failure

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10
Q

Results in large urine output

A

diabetes insipitus

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11
Q

what tells us bout how well this drug is working (synthroid)

A

Heart rate/weight

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12
Q

Tsh – high – indicated

A

hypothyroidism

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13
Q 
acute tubular necrosis 
renal trauma 
severe muscle exertion 
genetic conditions 
infectious disease 
metabolic disorders 
renal artery lesions 
glomerulonephritis

is what type of acute kidney injury

A

intrarenal

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14
Q

increased head injury is an increased risk for

A

DI

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15
Q

synthroid

A

should be taken 30 mins before meals and on an empty stomach

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16
Q

what causes diabetics to become hypoglycemic (3 things)

A

too much insulin or not enough food or exercise

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17
Q

what happens to blood sugar when you are sick

A

goes up

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18
Q 
Delerium 
Infection
Atrophic urethritis 
Pharmaceuticals
Psychologic
Excess urine output 
Restricted mobility 
Stool impaction

are all causes of

A

transient incontience

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19
Q 
diabetes 
chroinc kidney disease 
anemia 
hypertenison 
cardiovascular disease 
minorities

are all at risk for

A

renal failure

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20
Q 
intollerance to cold 
apathy 
hair loss 
muscle aches 
constipation 
anorexia 
facial edema 
fatigue 
bradycardia 
t3 and t4 low
A

hypothyroidism

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21
Q

blood tests
urine test
imaging tests
kidney biopsy

are all diagnostic tests for

A

urinary system

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22
Q

in the renal diet these foods should be _____

protein
phosphorus
sodium
potassium

A

restricted

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23
Q

medication (tapazol, ptu)
radioactive iodine
surgery

are all forms of treatments for

A

hyperthyroidism

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24
Q

assesses how well pancreas responds to high glucose level (high blood sugar level), drink a high concentration of sugar, evaluates gestational diabetes (above 200 is diagnostic of diabetes)

A

Glucose tolerance –

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25
Q

type of diabetes that is:

auto immune disorder
no insulin produced
often before age 15

A

type 1

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26
Q

type of diabetes that is:

insufficent insulin production
usualy after 40
familial

A

type 2

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27
Q

onset- 0.5 - 1 hr

peak - 2-3 hr

duration - 5-7

humalin R

A

short acting

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28
Q

with diabetes insipitus

Serum chemistry will be
Urine chemistry will be

they will experience what fluid abnormalaity

A

Serum chemistry will be CONCENTRATED
Urine chemistry will be DILUTE

FVD

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29
Q

what stage and type of chronic kidney disease would the following be?

eGFR 59-30

A

3

chroinic kidney disease

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30
Q

onset- 1-2

peak- 4-12

duration- 18-24

humalin N

A

intermediate acting

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31
Q

flank pain
dysuria
pain at costovertebral angle

are signs of

A

pyelonephritis

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32
Q

what type of insulin is in a insulin pump

A

rapid

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33
Q

polyurina
polydipsia
polyphagia

A

type 1 diabetes

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34
Q

HYPO secretion of ADH

A

diabetes insipitus

35
Q

what is the range for euglycemia

A

70 - 140

36
Q 
sedentary lifestyle 
increased bp 
obease 
fatigue 
wounds that wont heal 
fbs >126mg/dl
A

type 2 diabetes

37
Q 
headache 
sweaty 
shaky 
hungry 
confused 
dizzy 
grumpy

are all signs of

A

hypoglycemia

38
Q

type of diabetes that is:

weight increased
eye problems
slow onset

A

type 2

39
Q

serum Osmolality normal range

A

285-295

40
Q

effective at maintaing euglycemia

A

basal bolus

41
Q

Glucose tolerance

Normal:
Prediabetes:
diabetes:

A

Normal: <140mg/dl
Prediabetes: >140mg/dl - <200mg/dl
diabetes: >200 mg/dl

42
Q

is a percentage used to diagnose diabetes – tells how effective individuals are at managing diabetes (3 month period)

A

Hemoglobin a1c

43
Q 
drinking enogh water 
eat calcium rich foods 
limit oxalate rich foods 
limit salt intake 
avoid carbonated drinks 
limit red meat

can all help to prevent

A

renal calculi

44
Q

with SIADH

Serum chemistry will be
Urine chemistry will be

they will experience what fluid abnormalaity

A

Serum chemistry will be DILUTE
Urine chemistry will be CONCENTRATED

FVE

45
Q

what is the range for hyoerglycemia

A

> 140

46
Q

insulin must stay at room temp for only ___ days otherwise not good

A

30

47
Q

damage to the eye due to diabetes

A

diabetic Retinopathy

48
Q

Fasting blood sugar

Normal:
Prediabetes:
diabetes:

A

Normal: <100mg/dl
Prediabetes: >100mg/dl - <126mg/dl
diabetes: >126

49
Q

diagnosis:

dipstick for leukocyte estrace and nitrates

A

pyelonephritis

50
Q

normal blood glucose

A

80 – 100

51
Q

is all synthroid the same?

A

no

52
Q

Produces water intoxication

A

SIADH

53
Q

if patient is sick should they stil take medications for diabetes

A

yes

54
Q 
nausea and vomiting 
pain in flank area 
hematuria 
sharp sudden severe pain 
increased incidnece in men over 40
A

renal calculi

55
Q

targeted blood pressure for patients with diabetes

A

130/80

56
Q

anything below ___ is considered hypoglycemia

A

70

57
Q

HYPER secretion of ADH

A

SIADH

58
Q 
GFR <15
increased bp 
pitting edema
increaded cvp 
shortnes of breath 
depressed cough 
thick sputum 
muscle cramps 
bone pain 
dry skin 
nausea vomiting 
anorexia 
increased potassium 
behavior changes

are all signs of

A

cronic renal failure (end stages)

59
Q

how much insuin to give based on blood sugar is caled

A

sliding scale

60
Q

onset- < 15 min

peak - 0.5- 1 hr

duration - 3-4 hours

humalog

A

rapid acting

61
Q

in the renal diet these foods should be _____

protein
calcium
iron

A

included

62
Q

what type of insulin is most like the pancreas

A

rapid

63
Q

does long acting insulin peek?

A

no

64
Q

with insulin pen, hold for 5 seconds because

A

insulin is still coming out of the pen

65
Q

prostate disease
obstruction
spinal cord injury
pelvic trauma

is what type of acute kidney injury

A

postrenal

66
Q

bone loss
kidney disease
psychiatric disturbance
abdominal symptoms

are all clincial manifestations of

A

Hyperparathyroidism

67
Q

Specific gravity normal range

A

1.003- 1.030

68
Q

what stage and type of chronic kidney disease would the following be?

eGFR >90

A

1

proteinuria

69
Q 
high blood pressure 
shortness of breath 
thirst 
fatigue 
weight loss 
nause and vomiting 
bad taste in mouth / bad breath 
loss of appetite 
puffy eyes 
itchy skin 
muscle cramping 
tea colored urine

are all signs of

A

kidney disease

70
Q 
thirsty 
wants to throw up 
blurry eyesight 
dizzy 
tired 
headache 
tired
weak 
cramps

are all signs of

A

hyperglycemia

71
Q

ketones in urine leads to

A

acidosis

72
Q

treatment:

antimicrobials
increased fluid intake

A

pyelonephritis

73
Q

excess iodine intake
medications
stress
exposure to radiation

can al cause

A

hyperthyroidism

74
Q 
frequency 
urgency 
nausea 
vomiting 
fever 
hematuria 
burning upon urination 
suprapubic pain
A

cystitis

75
Q

Gradual Onset over many years
Declining GFR less than 60mL/min
Progressive organ deterioration

A

Chronic Renal Failure

76
Q

type of diabetes that is:

weight decreased
increased thirst
bed wetting
rapid onset

A

type 1

77
Q

Which laboratory results would indicate that the patient has prediabetes?

Glucose tolerance results of 132 mg/dL
Glucose tolerance results of 240 mg/dL
Fasting blood glucose result of 80 mg/dL
Fasting blood glucose result of 120 mg/dL

A

Fasting blood glucose result of 120 mg/dL

78
Q 
shock 
circulating volume depletion 
volume shifts 
decreased cardiac output 
decreased peripheral vascular resistance 
renal artery obstruction

is what type of acute kidney injury

A

prerenal

79
Q 
up to 20L of urine a day 
low specific gravity 
low osmoality 
increased thirst 
tachycardia 
decreased bp
A

diabetes insipitus

80
Q

onset- 1

peak- none

duration- 24

lantus

A

long acting

81
Q

diabetics shouldnt switch sites of insulin injection because of

A

different absorption rates

82
Q

Hemoglobin a1c ranges

Normal:
Prediabetes:
diabetes:

A

Normal: <5.7%
Prediabetes: >5.7% - <6.5
diabetes: >6.5%

83
Q

after thyroid surgery what should be by the bedside

A

trach

med surg 2 (2 decks)

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